Skip Navigation
Skip to contents

Diabetes Metab J : Diabetes & Metabolism Journal

Search
OPEN ACCESS

Search

Page Path
HOME > Search
42 "Atherosclerosis"
Filter
Filter
Article category
Keywords
Publication year
Authors
Funded articles
Original Articles
Cardiovascular Risk/Epidemiology
Article image
E2F5 Accelerates Vascular Smooth Muscle Cells Phenotype Switching in Diabetic Atherosclerosis through Activating Wnt/β-Catenin Pathway
Mingxue Di, Jie Wang, Lin Sun, Guang Yang, Qun Xu
Received September 25, 2024  Accepted April 21, 2025  Published online September 1, 2025  
DOI: https://doi.org/10.4093/dmj.2024.0588    [Epub ahead of print]
  • 1,186 View
  • 60 Download
AbstractAbstract PDFPubReader   ePub   
Background
We determined the precise function of E2F transcription factor 5 (E2F5) on the development of diabetic atherosclerosis (DAS) and the underlying mechanisms.
Methods
Apolipoprotein E-knockout mice were intraperitoneally injected streptozotocin for 5 days and fed a high-fat diet for 12 weeks for establishing an in vivo DAS model. To establish a DAS vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) model, VSMCs were stimulated with fresh medium containing glucose and oxidized low-density lipoprotein. After the final treatment, serum lipids were detected, and aorta tissues were collected for hematoxylin and eosin staining, Western blot, Oil red O staining, and quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction. The effect of E2F5 on the proliferation, migration, cell cycle, phenotype switching, and cell cycle-related markers of VSMCs were evaluated.
Results
In vivo, the expression of E2F5 was elevated in aorta tissues of DAS mice. The downregulation of E2F5 alleviated the symptoms of DAS in mice. Moreover, E2F5 downregulation inhibited the phenotypic transformation of VSMCs in DAS mice. In vitro, the knockdown of E2F5 inhibited the phenotypic transformation of VSMCs. CyclinE overexpression reversed the inhibitory effect of E2F5 silencing on phenotypic transformation of VSMCs. Additionally, we also found that the treatment of BML-284 significantly attenuated the inhibitory effect of E2F5 silencing on phenotypic transformation of VSMCs.
Conclusion
E2F5 is an injurious factor in the pathogenesis of DAS, and the downregulation of E2F5 could repress VSMCs phenotype switching through inactivating Wnt/β-catenin pathway, and ultimately inhibit the progression of DAS.
Complications
Article image
Comparison of Efficacy and Safety of Cilostazol/Extract of Ginkgo biloba vs. Aspirin in Carotid Atherosclerosis in Patients with Diabetes Mellitus
You-Cheol Hwang, Mi Kyung Kim, Jung Hwan Park, Han Mi Yun, Sang Yong Kim, Soo Lim
Received February 24, 2025  Accepted May 16, 2025  Published online August 13, 2025  
DOI: https://doi.org/10.4093/dmj.2025.0146    [Epub ahead of print]
  • 1,614 View
  • 78 Download
AbstractAbstract PDFSupplementary MaterialPubReader   ePub   
Background
We conducted a prospective, randomized study to evaluate the combination of cilostazol (CTZ) and extract of Ginkgo biloba (EGb) and compare it with aspirin for the prevention of atherosclerosis progression in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM).
Methods
One hundred five patients with T2DM and increased carotid intima-media thickness (IMT) were randomly assigned to receive either CTZ 200 mg plus EGb 160 mg once daily or aspirin (ASA) 100 mg/day for 12 months. The primary endpoint was the change in maximum carotid IMT.
Results
The mean age and body mass index were 61.6±8.4 years and 25.2±3.1 kg/m2 in the CTZ/EGb group and 61.6±7.6 years and 24.5±3.3 kg/m2 in the ASA group, respectively. CTZ/EGb treatment reduced the maximum IMT in the bulb area (from 1.435±0.690 to 1.346±0.688 mm on the right; from 1.359±0.528 to 1.299±0.528 mm on the left), whereas ASA treatment did not, resulting in significant between-group differences (P<0.05). No significant differences were observed in the common carotid and internal carotid arteries. The CTZ/EGb group showed a reduction in triglycerides and an increase in high-density lipoprotein cholesterol levels. Additionally, aspartate and alanine aminotransferase levels decreased only in the CTZ/EGb group. There were no significant differences in Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) score changes or adverse events (ClinicalTrials.gov number: NCT05906199).
Conclusion
Twelve months of CTZ/EGb combination therapy significantly attenuated the progression of carotid atherosclerosis compared with aspirin in patients with T2DM.
Cardiovascular Risk/Epidemiology
Article image
The Ratio of Estimated Glomerular Filtration Rate Based on Cystatin C and Creatinine Reflecting Cardiovascular Risk in Diabetic Patients
Ah Reum Khang, Min Jin Lee, Dongwon Yi, Yang Ho Kang
Diabetes Metab J. 2023;47(3):415-425.   Published online March 6, 2023
DOI: https://doi.org/10.4093/dmj.2022.0177
  • 6,694 View
  • 197 Download
  • 7 Web of Science
  • 8 Crossref
AbstractAbstract PDFSupplementary MaterialPubReader   ePub   
Background
The ratio of estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) based on cystatin C and creatinine (eGFRcystatin C/eGFRcreatinine ratio) is related to accumulating atherosclerosis-promoting proteins and increased mortality in several cohorts.
Methods
We assessed whether the eGFRcystatin C/eGFRcreatinine ratio is a predictor of arterial stiffness and sub-clinical atherosclerosis in type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) patients, who were followed up during 2008 to 2016. GFR was estimated using an equation based on cystatin C and creatinine.
Results
A total of 860 patients were stratified according to their eGFRcystatin C/eGFRcreatinine ratio (i.e., <0.9, 0.9–1.1 [a reference group], and >1.1). Intima-media thickness was comparable among the groups; however, presence of carotid plaque was frequent in the <0.9 group (<0.9 group, 38.3%; 0.9–1.1 group, 21.6% vs. >1.1 group, 17.2%, P<0.001). Brachial-ankle pulse wave velocity (baPWV) was faster in the <0.9 group (<0.9 group, 1,656.3±333.0 cm/sec; 0.9–1.1 group, 1,550.5±294.8 cm/sec vs. >1.1 group, 1,494.0±252.2 cm/sec, P<0.001). On comparing the <0.9 group with the 0.9–1.1 group, the multivariate-adjusted odds ratios of prevalence of high baPWV and carotid plaque were 2.54 (P=0.007) and 1.95 (P=0.042), respectively. Cox regression analysis demonstrated near or over 3-fold higher risks of the prevalence of high baPWV and carotid plaque in the <0.9 group without chronic kidney disease (CKD).
Conclusion
We concluded that eGFRcystatin C/eGFRcreatinine ratio <0.9 was related to an increased risk of high baPWV and carotid plaque in T2DM patients, especially, those without CKD. Careful monitoring of cardiovascular disease is needed for T2DM patients with low eGFRcystatin C/eGFRcreatinine ratio.

Citations

Citations to this article as recorded by  
  • Different ways of diagnosing selective glomerular hypofiltration syndromes such as shrunken pore syndrome and the associated increase in mortality
    Anna Åkesson, Linnea Malmgren, Felicia Leion, Ulf Nyman, Anders Christensson, Jonas Björk, Anders Grubb
    Journal of Internal Medicine.2025; 297(1): 79.     CrossRef
  • Difference between estimated glomerular filtration rate based on cystatin c versus creatinine and risk of hypertension: a prospective cohort study
    Yue Song, Changqiang Yang
    European Journal of Medical Research.2025;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • Identification of cystatin C as a new marker of glomerular filtration rate, and of shrunken pore syndrome – a new kidney disorder defining selective glomerular hypofiltration syndromes – calls for expansion of the international KDIGO guidelines
    Anna Åkesson, Carl Öberg, Linnea Malmgren, Christopher Nilsson, Yoshi Itoh, Søren Blirup-Jensen, Veronica Lindström, Magnus Abrahamson, Felicia Leion, Isleifur Olafsson, Henrik Bjursten, David Grubb, Erik Herou, Alain Dardashti, Johann Sigurjonsson, Liana
    Scandinavian Journal of Clinical and Laboratory Investigation.2025; 85(6): 409.     CrossRef
  • The Difference between Cystatin C- and Creatinine-Based Estimated Glomerular Filtration Rate and All-Cause and Cardiovascular Mortality in Populations with Cardiovascular-Kidney-Metabolic Syndrome Stages 0–3: A Prospective Cohort Study
    Xunliang Li, Li Zhao, Wenman Zhao, Tongxin Sun, Haifeng Pan, Deguang Wang
    American Journal of Nephrology.2025; : 1.     CrossRef
  • Intraindividual difference in estimated GFR by creatinine and cystatin C, cognitive trajectories and motoric cognitive risk syndrome
    Jinqi Wang, Yueruijing Liu, Rui Jin, Xiaoyu Zhao, Zhiyuan Wu, Ze Han, Zongkai Xu, Xiuhua Guo, Lixin Tao
    Nephrology Dialysis Transplantation.2024; 39(5): 860.     CrossRef
  • Research Progress of Creatinine, Cystatin C, and Their Ratio in Renal Diseases
    广智 杨
    Advances in Clinical Medicine.2024; 14(04): 976.     CrossRef
  • Muscle mass, creatinine, cystatin C and selective glomerular hypofiltration syndromes
    Linnea Malmgren, Anders Grubb
    Clinical Kidney Journal.2023; 16(8): 1206.     CrossRef
  • Investigating kidney function changes in young adults with COVID-19: Serum creatinine level, glomerular filtration rate, and biochemical profile analysis
    Nikita Matyushin, Dmitriy Ermakov, Inna Vasileva, Roza Vakolyuk, Anastasiya Spaska
    Electronic Journal of General Medicine.2023; 20(6): em547.     CrossRef
Complications
Article image
Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease with Sarcopenia and Carotid Plaque Progression Risk in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus
Yongin Cho, Hye-Sun Park, Byung Wook Huh, Yong-ho Lee, Seong Ha Seo, Da Hea Seo, Seong Hee Ahn, Seongbin Hong, So Hun Kim
Diabetes Metab J. 2023;47(2):232-241.   Published online January 19, 2023
DOI: https://doi.org/10.4093/dmj.2021.0355
  • 9,473 View
  • 280 Download
  • 15 Web of Science
  • 18 Crossref
AbstractAbstract PDFSupplementary MaterialPubReader   ePub   
Background
We aimed to evaluate whether non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) with or without sarcopenia is associated with progression of carotid atherosclerosis in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM).
Methods
We investigated 852 T2DM patients who underwent abdominal ultrasonography, bioelectrical impedance analysis, and carotid artery ultrasonography at baseline and repeated carotid ultrasonography after 6 to 8 years. NAFLD was confirmed by abdominal ultrasonography, and sarcopenia was defined as a sex-specific skeletal muscle mass index (SMI) value <2 standard deviations below the mean for healthy young adults. SMI was calculated by dividing the sum of appendicular skeletal mass by body weight. We investigated the association between NAFLD with or without sarcopenia and the progression of carotid atherosclerosis.
Results
Of the 852 patients, 333 (39.1%) were classified as NAFLD without sarcopenia, 66 (7.7%) were classified as sarcopenia without NAFLD, and 123 (14.4%) had NAFLD with sarcopenia at baseline. After 6 to 8 years, patients with both NAFLD and sarcopenia had a higher risk of atherosclerosis progression (adjusted odds ratio, 2.20; P<0.009) than controls without NAFLD and sarcopenia. When a subgroup analysis was performed on only patients with NAFLD, female sex, absence of central obesity, and non-obesity were significant factors related to increased risk of plaque progression risk in sarcopenic patients.
Conclusion
NAFLD with sarcopenia was significantly associated with the progression of carotid atherosclerosis in T2DM patients.

Citations

Citations to this article as recorded by  
  • Rituximab, cyclophosphamide, doxorubicin, vincristine, and prednisolone (R-CHOP) therapy decreases lean body mass and appendicular skeletal muscle mass index even until one year after the final treatment in patients with B-cell non-Hodgkin lymphoma
    Sanshiro Nakao, Daiji Ngayama, Chiaki Nakaseko, Naomi Shimizu
    Journal of Chemotherapy.2025; 37(4): 365.     CrossRef
  • Relationship between Muscle Mass by Bioimpedance and Vascular Complications in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus
    Alejandra Calderón, Cristina Arteaga, Elizabeth Quiroga, Lisbeth Reales, Marcelo Pilamunga, Fernanda Marizande, Alberto Bustillos
    Salud, Ciencia y Tecnología.2025;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • Impact of steatotic liver disease subtypes, sarcopenia, and fibrosis on all-cause and cause-specific mortality: a 15.7-year cohort study
    Yebei Liang, Xiaoqi Ye, Min Pan, Yijun Chen, Yeqing Yuan, Li Luo
    BMC Gastroenterology.2025;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • Sarcopenia and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease - complex pathogenetic relationships
    V. A. Akhmedov, V. S. Marinenko
    Experimental and Clinical Gastroenterology.2025; (9): 110.     CrossRef
  • Impact of physical activities in metabolic dysfunction associated steatotic liver disease, sarcopenia, and cardiovascular disease
    Eugene Han, Sin Yung Woo, Justin Y. Jeon, Eun Seok Kang, Bong-Soo Cha, Byung-Wan Lee, Yong-ho Lee
    Diabetes Research and Clinical Practice.2025; 224: 112209.     CrossRef
  • Association of lean metabolic dysfunction‐associated steatotic liver disease with carotid plaque progression in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus
    Youngjoon Kim, Yongin Cho, Yong‐ho Lee, Da Hea Seo, Seong Hee Ahn, Seongbin Hong, So Hun Kim
    Journal of Diabetes Investigation.2025; 16(9): 1713.     CrossRef
  • Association between sarcopenic obesity and cardiovascular diseases: the role of systemic inflammation indices
    Yuhong Luo, Chen Xin, Yuhua Liu, Yan Xu, Guixin Liu, Binru Han
    Frontiers in Medicine.2025;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • Comprehensive analysis of risk factors associated with carotid plaque in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus
    Lei Shi, Neng-Juan Li
    World Journal of Diabetes.2025;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • Predictive factors and diagnostic value of vascular markers for carotid artery disease in type 2 diabetes mellitus patients
    Juan Qin, Rongli Sun, Yi Zhang
    Medicine.2025; 104(40): e44333.     CrossRef
  • Sarcopenia and MASLD: novel insights and the future
    Chang-Hai Liu, Qing-Min Zeng, Won Kim, Seung Up Kim, Zobair M. Younossi, Giovanni Targher, Christopher D. Byrne, Christos S. Mantzoros, Phunchai Charatcharoenwitthaya, Isabelle Anne Leclercq, Manuel Romero-Gómez, Hong Tang, Ming-Hua Zheng
    Nature Reviews Endocrinology.2025;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • Research Progress on the Association Between Sarcopenic Obesity and Atherosclerosis: Current Status and Challenges
    Kai Yang, Wei Yang, Si-Cong Si, Jia Liu, Yi-Xin Ma, Huan Zhao
    Journal of Clinical Medicine.2025; 14(22): 8148.     CrossRef
  • Metabolic-associated fatty liver disease and sarcopenia: A double whammy
    Aditya Viswanath, Sherouk Fouda, Cornelius James Fernandez, Joseph M Pappachan
    World Journal of Hepatology.2024; 16(2): 152.     CrossRef
  • Prevalence and outcome of sarcopenia in non-alcoholic fatty liver disease
    Suprabhat Giri, Prajna Anirvan, Sumaswi Angadi, Ankita Singh, Anurag Lavekar
    World Journal of Gastrointestinal Pathophysiology.2024;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • Association between non-alcoholic fatty liver disease and risk of sarcopenia: a systematic review and meta-analysis
    Chao Deng, Qifeng Ou, Xuee Ou, Ding Pan
    BMJ Open.2024; 14(5): e078933.     CrossRef
  • Clinical Characteristics of Sarcopenia in Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease: A Systemic Scoping Review
    Tingdan Ye, Ke Mi, Lin Zhu, Jonathan Li, Calvin Q. Pan
    Obesity Facts.2024; : 1.     CrossRef
  • Sarcopenia as a Risk Factor for Mortality in NAFLD: How Should We Diagnose It?
    Catherine Stankevicius, Rachel H. Davis, Dep Huynh, Martine Hatzi, Stephanie Morgillo, Alice S. Day
    Journal of Digestive Diseases.2024; 25(11-12): 645.     CrossRef
  • Association of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease and carotid media‐intima thickness: A systematic review and a meta‐analysis
    Manouchehr Khoshbaten, Sepideh H. Maleki, Sara Hadad, Amrit Baral, Ana V. Rocha, Laxmi Poudel, Alireza Abdshah
    Health Science Reports.2023;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • Cardiometabolic risk factors in patients with type 2 diabetes and sarcopenia
    Yu. G. Samoilova, M. V. Matveeva, E. A. Khoroshunova, D. V. Podchinenova, L. L. Maksimova, G. G. Gorbach, A. B. Trivozhenko, V. A. Avkhimenko
    Cardiovascular Therapy and Prevention.2023; 23(1): 3655.     CrossRef
Cardiovascular Risk/Epidemiology
Validation of Risk Prediction Models for Atherosclerotic Cardiovascular Disease in a Prospective Korean Community-Based Cohort
Jae Hyun Bae, Min Kyong Moon, Sohee Oh, Bo Kyung Koo, Nam Han Cho, Moon-Kyu Lee
Diabetes Metab J. 2020;44(3):458-469.   Published online January 13, 2020
DOI: https://doi.org/10.4093/dmj.2019.0061
  • 12,114 View
  • 311 Download
  • 20 Web of Science
  • 22 Crossref
AbstractAbstract PDFSupplementary MaterialPubReader   ePub   
Background

To investigate the performance of the 2013 American College of Cardiology/American Heart Association Pooled Cohort Equations (PCE) in a large, prospective, community-based cohort in Korea and to compare it with that of the Framingham Global Cardiovascular Disease Risk Score (FRS-CVD) and the Korean Risk Prediction Model (KRPM).

Methods

In the Korean Genome and Epidemiology Study (KOGES)-Ansan and Ansung study, we evaluated calibration and discrimination of the PCE for non-Hispanic whites (PCE-WH) and for African Americans (PCE-AA) and compared their predictive abilities with the FRS-CVD and the KRPM.

Results

The present study included 7,932 individuals (3,778 men and 4,154 women). The PCE-WH and PCE-AA moderately overestimated the risk of atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD) for men (6% and 13%, respectively) but underestimated the risk for women (−49% and −25%, respectively). The FRS-CVD overestimated ASCVD risk for men (91%) but provided a good risk prediction for women (3%). The KRPM underestimated ASCVD risk for men (−31%) and women (−31%). All the risk prediction models showed good discrimination in both men (C-statistic 0.730 to 0.735) and women (C-statistic 0.726 to 0.732). Recalibration of the PCE using data from the KOGES-Ansan and Ansung study substantially improved the predictive accuracy in men.

Conclusion

In the KOGES-Ansan and Ansung study, the PCE overestimated ASCVD risk for men and underestimated the risk for women. The PCE-WH and the FRS-CVD provided an accurate prediction of ASCVD in men and women, respectively.

Citations

Citations to this article as recorded by  
  • Increased risk of colorectal cancer in young males with higher cardiovascular risk: A nationwide population-based cohort study
    Ji Hyun Song, Su-Yeon Choi, Young Sun Kim, Sun Young Yang, Kyung-Do Han
    World Journal of Gastrointestinal Oncology.2025;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • Association Between Cardiovascular Risk and Subclinical Atherosclerosis in Korean Female Patients with Systemic Lupus Erythematosus
    Ju-Yang Jung, Jaemi Kim, Ji-Hyun Park, Bumhee Park, Ji-Won Kim, Hyoun-Ah Kim, Chang-Hee Suh
    Journal of Clinical Medicine.2025; 14(20): 7162.     CrossRef
  • Clinical Utility of an AI-Based Retinal Imaging Model for Cardiovascular Risk Prediction in Hypertensive Retinopathy
    Dongjin Nam, Yong-Hwan Jang, Yongseok Lee, Jaewon Seo, Sahil Thakur, Simon Nusinovici, Moonsu Kim, Yong Un Shin, Hwan-Cheol Park, Sunjin Hwang
    Canadian Journal of Ophthalmology.2025;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • Risk Factors for Infertility in Korean Women
    Juyeon Lee, Chang-Woo Choo, Kyoung Yong Moon, Sang Woo Lyu, Hoon Kim, Joong Yeup Lee, Jung Ryeol Lee, Byung Chul Jee, Kyungjoo Hwang, Seok Hyun Kim, Sue K. Park
    Journal of Korean Medical Science.2024;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • Evaluating cardiovascular disease risk stratification using multiple-polygenic risk scores and pooled cohort equations: insights from a 17-year longitudinal Korean cohort study
    Yi Seul Park, Hye-Mi Jang, Ji Hye Park, Bong-Jo Kim, Hyun-Young Park, Young Jin Kim
    Frontiers in Genetics.2024;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • Predictability of Cardiovascular Risk Scores for Carotid Atherosclerosis in Community-Dwelling Middle-Aged and Elderly Adults
    Chao-Liang Chou, Chun-Chieh Liu, Tzu-Wei Wu, Chun-Fang Cheng, Shu-Xin Lu, Yih-Jer Wu, Li-Yu Wang
    Journal of Clinical Medicine.2024; 13(9): 2563.     CrossRef
  • Improving Cardiovascular Disease Primary Prevention Treatment Thresholds in a New England Health Care System
    So Mi Jemma Cho, Rachel Rivera, Satoshi Koyama, Min Seo Kim, Shriienidhie Ganesh, Romit Bhattacharya, Kaavya Paruchuri, Patricia Masson, Michael C. Honigberg, Norrina B. Allen, Whitney Hornsby, Pradeep Natarajan
    JACC: Advances.2024; 3(10): 101257.     CrossRef
  • The role of the triglyceride-glucose index as a biomarker of cardio-metabolic syndromes
    Verena Gounden, Sridevi Devaraj, Ishwarlal Jialal
    Lipids in Health and Disease.2024;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • Moderation of Weight Misperception on the Associations Between Obesity Indices and Estimated Cardiovascular Disease Risk
    Kayoung Lee
    International Journal of Behavioral Medicine.2023; 30(1): 89.     CrossRef
  • Validation of the general Framingham Risk Score (FRS), SCORE2, revised PCE and WHO CVD risk scores in an Asian population
    Sazzli Shahlan Kasim, Nurulain Ibrahim, Sorayya Malek, Khairul Shafiq Ibrahim, Muhammad Firdaus Aziz, Cheen Song, Yook Chin Chia, Anis Safura Ramli, Kazuaki Negishi, Nafiza Mat Nasir
    The Lancet Regional Health - Western Pacific.2023; 35: 100742.     CrossRef
  • Principles of cardiovascular risk management in perimenopausal women with type 2 diabetes
    F. O. Ushanova, T. Yu. Demidova, T. N. Korotkova
    FOCUS. Endocrinology.2023; 4(2): 19.     CrossRef
  • Prediction of the 10-year risk of atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease in the Korean population
    Sangwoo Park, Yong-Giun Kim, Soe Hee Ann, Young-Rak Cho, Shin-Jae Kim, Seungbong Han, Gyung-Min Park
    Epidemiology and Health.2023; 45: e2023052.     CrossRef
  • Triglyceride-Glucose Index Predicts Future Atherosclerotic Cardiovascular Diseases: A 16-Year Follow-up in a Prospective, Community-Dwelling Cohort Study
    Joon Ho Moon, Yongkang Kim, Tae Jung Oh, Jae Hoon Moon, Soo Heon Kwak, Kyong Soo Park, Hak Chul Jang, Sung Hee Choi, Nam H. Cho
    Endocrinology and Metabolism.2023; 38(4): 406.     CrossRef
  • Validity of the models predicting 10-year risk of cardiovascular diseases in Asia: A systematic review and prediction model meta-analysis
    Mahin Nomali, Davood Khalili, Mehdi Yaseri, Mohammad Ali Mansournia, Aryan Ayati, Hossein Navid, Saharnaz Nedjat, Hean Teik Ong
    PLOS ONE.2023; 18(11): e0292396.     CrossRef
  • Genetic Risk Score for Prediction of Coronary Heart Disease in the Korean Genome and Epidemiology Study
    Hyunok Yun, Ji Eun Lim, Eun Young Lee
    Reviews in Cardiovascular Medicine.2023;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • Assessing the Validity of the Criteria for the Extreme Risk Category of Atherosclerotic Cardiovascular Disease: A Nationwide Population-Based Study
    Kyung-Soo Kim, Sangmo Hong, Kyungdo Han, Cheol-Young Park
    Journal of Lipid and Atherosclerosis.2022; 11(1): 73.     CrossRef
  • Mediation of Grip Strength on the Association Between Self-Rated Health and Estimated Cardiovascular Disease Risk
    Kayoung Lee
    Metabolic Syndrome and Related Disorders.2022; 20(6): 344.     CrossRef
  • Implications of the heterogeneity between guideline recommendations for the use of low dose aspirin in primary prevention of cardiovascular disease
    Xiao-Ying Li, Li Li, Sang-Hoon Na, Francesca Santilli, Zhongwei Shi, Michael Blaha
    American Journal of Preventive Cardiology.2022; 11: 100363.     CrossRef
  • The Risk of Cardiovascular Disease According to Chewing Status Could Be Modulated by Healthy Diet in Middle-Aged Koreans
    Hyejin Chun, Jongchul Oh, Miae Doo
    Nutrients.2022; 14(18): 3849.     CrossRef
  • Management of Cardiovascular Risk in Perimenopausal Women with Diabetes
    Catherine Kim
    Diabetes & Metabolism Journal.2021; 45(4): 492.     CrossRef
  • Comparative performance of the two pooled cohort equations for predicting atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease
    Alessandra M. Campos-Staffico, David Cordwin, Venkatesh L. Murthy, Michael P. Dorsch, Jasmine A. Luzum
    Atherosclerosis.2021; 334: 23.     CrossRef
  • Usefulness of Relative Handgrip Strength as a Simple Indicator of Cardiovascular Risk in Middle-Aged Koreans
    Won Bin Kim, Jun-Bean Park, Yong-Jin Kim
    The American Journal of the Medical Sciences.2021; 362(5): 486.     CrossRef
Cardiovascular Risk/Epidemiology
Impact of Diabetes Control on Subclinical Atherosclerosis: Analysis from Coronary Computed Tomographic Angiography Registry
Gyung-Min Park, Chang Hoon Lee, Seung-Whan Lee, Sung-Cheol Yun, Young-Hak Kim, Yong-Giun Kim, Ki-Bum Won, Soe Hee Ann, Shin-Jae Kim, Dong Hyun Yang, Joon-Won Kang, Tae-Hwan Lim, Eun Hee Koh, Woo Je Lee, Min-Seon Kim, Joong-Yeol Park, Hong-Kyu Kim, Jaewon Choe, Sang-Gon Lee
Diabetes Metab J. 2020;44(3):470-479.   Published online November 22, 2019
DOI: https://doi.org/10.4093/dmj.2019.0073
  • 12,038 View
  • 87 Download
  • 9 Web of Science
  • 9 Crossref
AbstractAbstract PDFSupplementary MaterialPubReader   ePub   
Background

There are limited data on the impact of diabetes control on the risk of subclinical coronary atherosclerosis.

Methods

We analyzed 6,434 consecutive asymptomatic individuals without previous history of coronary artery disease who underwent coronary computed tomographic angiography (CCTA) (mean age, 53.7±7.6 years and 4,694 men [73.0%]). The degree and extent of subclinical coronary atherosclerosis were assessed by CCTA, and ≥50% diameter stenosis was defined as significant. A cardiac event was defined as a composite of all-cause death, myocardial infarction, unstable angina, or coronary revascularization. Study participants were categorized as normal (n=5,319), controlled diabetes (glycosylated hemoglobin [HbA1c] <7%, n=747), or uncontrolled diabetes (HbA1c ≥7%, n=368), respectively.

Results

Compared with normal individuals, there were no statistically significant differences in the risk of for any atherosclerotic plaque (odds ratio [OR], 1.16; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.98 to 1.38; P=0.086) and significant coronary artery stenosis (OR, 1.08; 95% CI, 0.82 to 1.42; P=0.583) in controlled diabetic individuals. In contrast, uncontrolled diabetic individuals had consistently higher risks of any atherosclerotic plaque (OR, 2.16; 95% CI, 1.70 to 2.75; P<0.001) and significant coronary artery stenosis (OR, 3.34; 95% CI, 2.52 to 4.43; P<0.001) than normal individuals. During a follow-up of median 5.4 years, there was no significant difference in cardiac events between normal and controlled diabetic individuals (P=0.365). However, uncontrolled diabetes was associated with an increased risk of cardiac events compared with normal individuals (P<0.001) and controlled diabetic individuals (P=0.023).

Conclusion

Asymptomatic uncontrolled diabetes was associated with significant subclinical coronary atherosclerosis with subsequent high risk for cardiac events.

Citations

Citations to this article as recorded by  
  • Different associations of atherogenic index of plasma, triglyceride glucose index, and hemoglobin A1C levels with the risk of coronary artery calcification progression according to established diabetes
    Ki-Bum Won, Su-Yeon Choi, Eun Ju Chun, Sung Hak Park, Jidong Sung, Hae Ok Jung, Hyuk-Jae Chang
    Cardiovascular Diabetology.2024;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • Carotid Ultrasound Abnormalities of People Living With HIV in Kunming, China: Multiple Correspondence Analysis Approach to Identify Influencing Factors
    Shuishui Pan, Haiyan Fu, Zhiqiong Ai, Chongxi Li, Jinsong Bai
    International Journal of STD & AIDS.2023; 34(10): 710.     CrossRef
  • Differential Impact of Degree of Hypertension on Subclinical Coronary Atherosclerosis in Asymptomatic Subjects With and Without Diabetes Mellitus
    Hyun Woo Park, Sangyong Jo, Kyung Sun Park, Hyeji Lee, Young-Jee Jeon, Sangwoo Park, Soe Hee Ann, Yong-Giun Kim, Seong Hoon Choi, Woon Jung Kwon, Young-Rak Cho, Jon Suh, Gyung-Min Park
    The American Journal of Cardiology.2023; 203: 343.     CrossRef
  • Exosomal MALAT1 Derived from High Glucose-Treated Macrophages Up-Regulates Resistin Expression via miR-150-5p Downregulation
    Kou-Gi Shyu, Bao-Wei Wang, Wei-Jen Fang, Chun-Ming Pan, Chiu-Mei Lin
    International Journal of Molecular Sciences.2022; 23(3): 1095.     CrossRef
  • Comparison of Framingham risk score and pooled cohort equations for the prediction of coronary atherosclerosis in patients who meet the target LDL-C level of Korean dyslipidemia guideline
    Su Bin Kim, Hae Won Jung
    Medicine.2022; 101(47): e31816.     CrossRef
  • Time to Reach Target Glycosylated Hemoglobin Is Associated with Long-Term Durable Glycemic Control and Risk of Diabetic Complications in Patients with Newly Diagnosed Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: A 6-Year Observational Study
    Kyoung Jin Kim, Jimi Choi, Jae Hyun Bae, Kyeong Jin Kim, Hye Jin Yoo, Ji A Seo, Nan Hee Kim, Kyung Mook Choi, Sei Hyun Baik, Sin Gon Kim, Nam Hoon Kim
    Diabetes & Metabolism Journal.2021; 45(3): 368.     CrossRef
  • Frequency and Significance of Right Bundle Branch Block and Subclinical Coronary Atherosclerosis in Asymptomatic Individuals
    Hyeji Lee, Young-Jee Jeon, Byung Ju Kang, Tae Young Lee, Eun Ji Park, Sangwoo Park, Soe Hee Ann, Yong-Giun Kim, Yongjik Lee, Seong Hoon Choi, Gyung-Min Park
    The American Journal of Cardiology.2021; 158: 30.     CrossRef
  • The association between glucose-related variables and plaque morphology in patients with ST-segment elevated myocardial infarction
    Jinxin Liu, Shanjie Wang, Can Cui, Hengxuan Cai, Rong Sun, Weili Pan, Shaohong Fang, Bo Yu
    Cardiovascular Diabetology.2020;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • Choosing Antithrombotic Therapy in Patients with Coronary Heart Disease and Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: How to Reduce the Risk of Death
    N. A. Koziolova, P. G. Karavaev, A. S. Veklich
    Kardiologiia.2020; 60(4): 109.     CrossRef
Review
Clinical Diabetes & Therapeutics
Diabetes and Subclinical Coronary Atherosclerosis
Chang Hoon Lee, Seung-Whan Lee, Seong-Wook Park
Diabetes Metab J. 2018;42(5):355-363.   Published online October 22, 2018
DOI: https://doi.org/10.4093/dmj.2018.0041
  • 8,601 View
  • 93 Download
  • 13 Web of Science
  • 12 Crossref
AbstractAbstract PDFPubReader   ePub   

It is well known that diabetic patients have a high risk of cardiovascular events, and although there has been a tremendous effort to reduce these cardiovascular risks, the incidence of cardiovascular morbidity and mortality in diabetic patients remains high. Therefore, the early detection of coronary artery disease (CAD) is necessary in those diabetic patients who are at risk of cardiovascular events. Significant medical and radiological advancements, including coronary computed tomography angiography (CCTA), mean that it is now possible to investigate the characteristics of plaques, instead of solely evaluating the calcium level of the coronary artery. Recently, several studies reported that the prevalence of subclinical coronary atherosclerosis (SCA) is higher than expected, and this could impact on CAD progression in asymptomatic diabetic patients. In addition, several reports suggest the potential benefit of using CCTA for screening for SCA in asymptomatic diabetic patients, which might dramatically decrease the incidence of cardiovascular events. For these reasons, the medical interest in SCA in diabetic patients is increasing. In this article, we sought to review the results of studies on CAD in asymptomatic diabetic patients and discuss the clinical significance and possibility of using CCTA to screen for SCA.

Citations

Citations to this article as recorded by  
  • Prevalence of Antinuclear Antibodies in Patients With Coronary Artery Disease: A Scoping Review
    Manisha Antony, Christina Thymalil, Stephanie Nagy, Kayvan Amini, Marc M Kesselman
    Cureus.2025;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • Coronary Artery Calcium Score directed risk stratification of patients with Type-2 diabetes mellitus
    Mahmoud Nassar, Nso Nso, Kelechi Emmanuel, Mohsen Alshamam, Most Sirajum Munira, Anoop Misra
    Diabetes & Metabolic Syndrome: Clinical Research & Reviews.2022; 16(6): 102503.     CrossRef
  • Association between carotid atherosclerosis and presence of intracranial atherosclerosis using three-dimensional high-resolution vessel wall magnetic resonance imaging in asymptomatic patients with type 2 diabetes
    Ji Eun Jun, You-Cheol Hwang, Kyu Jeong Ahn, Ho Yeon Chung, Geon-Ho Jahng, Soonchan Park, In-Kyung Jeong, Chang-Woo Ryu
    Diabetes Research and Clinical Practice.2022; 191: 110067.     CrossRef
  • Serum metabolic signatures of subclinical atherosclerosis in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus: a preliminary study
    Jiaorong Su, Qing Zhao, Aihua Zhao, Wei Jia, Wei Zhu, Jingyi Lu, Xiaojing Ma
    Acta Diabetologica.2021; 58(9): 1217.     CrossRef
  • Atherogenic Index of Plasma, Triglyceride-Glucose Index and Monocyte-to-Lymphocyte Ratio for Predicting Subclinical Coronary Artery Disease
    Yueqiao Si, Wenjun Fan, Chao Han, Jingyi Liu, Lixian Sun
    The American Journal of the Medical Sciences.2021; 362(3): 285.     CrossRef
  • Cardiologist's approach to the diabetic patient: No further delay for a paradigm shift
    Francesco Maranta, Lorenzo Cianfanelli, Carlo Gaspardone, Vincenzo Rizza, Rocco Grippo, Marco Ambrosetti, Domenico Cianflone
    International Journal of Cardiology.2021; 338: 248.     CrossRef
  • Co‐expression of glycosylated aquaporin‐1 and transcription factor NFAT5 contributes to aortic stiffness in diabetic and atherosclerosis‐prone mice
    Rosalinda Madonna, Vanessa Doria, Anikó Görbe, Nino Cocco, Péter Ferdinandy, Yong‐Jian Geng, Sante Donato Pierdomenico, Raffaele De Caterina
    Journal of Cellular and Molecular Medicine.2020; 24(5): 2857.     CrossRef
  • Recent Updates on Vascular Complications in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus
    Chan-Hee Jung, Ji-Oh Mok
    Endocrinology and Metabolism.2020; 35(2): 260.     CrossRef
  • Quantitative measure of asymptomatic cardiovascular disease risk in Type 2 diabetes: Evidence from Indian outpatient setting
    Samit Ghosal, Binayak Sinha, Jignesh Ved, Mansij Biswas
    Indian Heart Journal.2020; 72(2): 119.     CrossRef
  • Role of pregnancy hormones and hormonal interaction on the maternal cardiovascular system: a literature review
    Vitaris Kodogo, Feriel Azibani, Karen Sliwa
    Clinical Research in Cardiology.2019; 108(8): 831.     CrossRef
  • Letter: Comparison of the Efficacy of Rosuvastatin Monotherapy 20 mg with Rosuvastatin 5 mg and Ezetimibe 10 mg Combination Therapy on Lipid Parameters in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (Diabetes Metab J2019;43:582–9)
    Tae Seo Sohn
    Diabetes & Metabolism Journal.2019; 43(6): 909.     CrossRef
  • Effects of Diabetes on Motor Recovery After Cerebral Infarct: A Diffusion Tensor Imaging Study
    Jun Sung Moon, Seung Min Chung, Sung Ho Jang, Kyu Chang Won, Min Cheol Chang
    The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism.2019; 104(9): 3851.     CrossRef
Original Article
Clinical Diabetes and Therapeutics
Cardio-Ankle Vascular Index as a Surrogate Marker of Early Atherosclerotic Cardiovascular Disease in Koreans with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus
So Young Park, Sang Ook Chin, Sang Youl Rhee, Seungjoon Oh, Jeong-Taek Woo, Sung Woon Kim, Suk Chon
Diabetes Metab J. 2018;42(4):285-295.   Published online July 27, 2018
DOI: https://doi.org/10.4093/dmj.2017.0080
  • 8,182 View
  • 65 Download
  • 22 Web of Science
  • 22 Crossref
AbstractAbstract PDFPubReader   ePub   
Background

Carotid artery intima medial thickness (IMT), brachial-ankle pulse wave velocity (baPWV), and ankle-brachial index (ABI) are commonly used surrogate markers of subclinical atherosclerosis in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). The cardio-ankle vascular index (CAVI) is a complement to the baPWV, which is affected by blood pressure. However, it is unclear which marker is the most sensitive predictor of atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD).

Methods

This was a retrospective non-interventional study that enrolled 219 patients with T2DM. The correlations among IMT, ABI, and CAVI as well as the relationship of these tests to the 10-year ASCVD risk were also analyzed.

Results

Among the 219 patients, 39 (17.8%) had ASCVD. In the non-ASCVD group, CAVI correlated significantly with IMT after adjusting for confounding variables, but ABI was not associated with CAVI or IMT. The analyses after dividing the non-ASCVD group into three subgroups according to the CAVI score (<8, ≥8 and <9, and ≥9) demonstrated the significant increase in the mean IMT, 10-year ASCVD risk and number of metabolic syndrome risk factors, and decrease in the mean ABI in the high-CAVI group. A high CAVI was an independent risk factor in the non-ASCVD group for both a high 10-year ASCVD risk (≥7.5%; odds ratio [OR], 2.42; P<0.001) and atherosclerosis (mean IMT ≥1 mm; OR, 1.53; P=0.007).

Conclusion

In Korean patients with T2DM without ASCVD, CAVI was the most sensitive of several surrogate markers for the detection of subclinical atherosclerosis.

Citations

Citations to this article as recorded by  
  • Predictive factors and diagnostic value of vascular markers for carotid artery disease in type 2 diabetes mellitus patients
    Juan Qin, Rongli Sun, Yi Zhang
    Medicine.2025; 104(40): e44333.     CrossRef
  • The effects of severe periodontitis on arterial stiffness using cardio‐ankle vascular index in patients with type 2 diabetes
    Gizem Torumtay Cin, Semin Melahat Fenkci, Ismail Doğu Kiliç, Halil Serdar Aslan, Cihan İlyas Sevgican, Hande Şenol
    Journal of Periodontal Research.2024; 59(1): 74.     CrossRef
  • Predictive value of Systematic Coronary Risk Evaluation 2‐Diabetes risk model and arterial stiffness for cardiovascular events in the Asian population with type 2 diabetes mellitus
    Pannipa Suwannasom, Tasalak Thonghong, Krit Leemasawat, Teerapat Nantsupawat, Narawudt Prasertwitayakij, Chutamas Pairoj, Wanwarang Wongcharoen, Arintaya Phrommintikul
    Journal of Diabetes Investigation.2024; 15(9): 1266.     CrossRef
  • Prediction of cardiovascular disease using deep learning algorithms to prevent COVID 19
    Malathi S, Arockia Raj Y, Abhishek Kumar, V D Ashok Kumar, Ankit Kumar, Elangovan D, V D Ambeth Kumar, Chitra B, a Abirami
    Journal of Experimental & Theoretical Artificial Intelligence.2023; 35(6): 791.     CrossRef
  • Association of cardio-ankle vascular index and future major adverse cardiovascular events in older adults living with HIV
    Amaraporn Rerkasem, Arunrat Tangmunkongvorakul, Linda Aurpibul, Patumrat Sripan, Wason Parklak, Sothida Nantakool, Kriengkrai Srithanaviboonchai, Kittipan Rerkasem
    AIDS Care.2023; 35(4): 591.     CrossRef
  • Impact of Fasting Blood Glucose Levels on Blood Pressure Parameters among Older Adults with Prediabetes
    Thapanee Roengrit, Ruchada Sri-Amad, Nawiya Huipao, Suphawadee Phababpha, Piyapong Prasertsri, Francesco Giallauria
    The Scientific World Journal.2023; 2023: 1.     CrossRef
  • A framework of biomarkers for vascular aging: a consensus statement by the Aging Biomarker Consortium
    Le Zhang, Jun Guo, Yuehong Liu, Shimin Sun, Baohua Liu, Qi Yang, Jun Tao, Xiao-Li Tian, Jun Pu, Huashan Hong, Miao Wang, Hou-Zao Chen, Jie Ren, Xiaoming Wang, Zhen Liang, Yuan Wang, Kai Huang, Weiqi Zhang, Jing Qu, Zhenyu Ju, Guang-Hui Liu, Gang Pei, Jian
    Life Medicine.2023;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • Diastolic Pressure and ACR Are Modifiable Risk Factors of Arterial Stiffness in T2DM Without Cardiovascular Disease
    Gateano Leto, Lida Tartaglione, Silverio Rotondi, Marzia Pasquali, Ernesto Maddaloni, Carmen Mignogna, Luca D’Onofrio, Simona Zampetti, Angela Carlone, Maria Luisa Muci, Daniela Mastroluca, Valeria Fassino, Raffaella Buzzetti, Sandro Mazzaferro
    The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism.2022; 107(9): e3857.     CrossRef
  • Risk assessment indicators and brachial-ankle pulse wave velocity to predict atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease
    Hung-Ju Ko, Chuan-Chuan Liu, Po-Jui Hsu, Kuang-Chun Hu, Chung-Lieh Hung, Lo-Yip Yu, Yun-Chieh Huang, Shou-Chuan Shih
    Medicine.2022; 101(32): e29609.     CrossRef
  • Prediction of Cardiovascular Disease Using Machine Learning Technique—A Modern Approach
    Jung-Hwa Kim, Jin-Woo Jeong
    Computers, Materials & Continua.2022; 71(1): 855.     CrossRef
  • Cardio-ankle vascular index represents the best surrogate for 10-year ASCVD risk estimation in patients with primary hypertension
    Mustafa Tarik Agac, Süret Ağaç, Muhammed Necati Murat Aksoy, Mehmet Bülent Vatan
    Clinical and Experimental Hypertension.2021; 43(4): 349.     CrossRef
  • Relation between fragmented QRS complex and cardio-ankle vascular index in asymptomatic subjects
    Ali Rıza Akyüz, Sinan Şahin, Ömer Faruk Çırakoğlu, Selim Kul, Turhan Turan, Hakan Erkan
    Clinical and Experimental Hypertension.2021; 43(4): 368.     CrossRef
  • Progress of clinical evaluation for vascular aging in humans
    Yumin Qiu, Yuanya Liu, Jun Tao
    Journal of Translational Internal Medicine.2021; 9(1): 17.     CrossRef
  • Effects of long-term air pollution exposure on ankle-brachial index and cardio-ankle vascular index: A longitudinal cohort study using data from the Electricity Generating Authority of Thailand study
    Kanawat Paoin, Kayo Ueda, Prin Vathesatogkit, Thammasin Ingviya, Suhaimee Buya, Arthit Phosri, Xerxes Tesoro Seposo, Nisakron Thongmung, Teerapat Yingchoncharoen, Akiko Honda, Hirohisa Takano, Piyamitr Sritara
    International Journal of Hygiene and Environmental Health.2021; 236: 113790.     CrossRef
  • The Relationship Between Glycemic Control and Concomitant Hypertension on Arterial Stiffness in Type II Diabetes


    Teonchit Nuamchit, Duangduan Siriwittayawan, Piyanuch Thitiwuthikiat
    Vascular Health and Risk Management.2020; Volume 16: 343.     CrossRef
  • Relationship between cardio-ankle vascular index and obstructive coronary artery disease
    Divya Birudaraju, Lavanya Cherukuri, April Kinninger, Bhanu T. Chaganti, Pishoy Haroun, Sivakrishna Pidikiti, Suvasini Lakshmanan, Sajad Hamal, Ferdinand Flores, Christopher Dailing, Kashif Shaikh, Sion K. Roy, Matthew J. Budoff
    Coronary Artery Disease.2020; 31(6): 550.     CrossRef
  • Association of Kidney Function Tests with a Cardio-Ankle Vascular Index in Community-Dwelling Individuals with a Normal or Mildly Decreased Estimated Glomerular Filtration Rate
    Javad Alizargar, Chyi-Huey Bai, Nan-Chen Hsieh, Shu-Fang Vivienne Wu, Shih-Yen Weng, Jia-Ping Wu
    Medicina.2019; 55(10): 657.     CrossRef
  • Cardiovascular remodeling in patients with diabetic сardiomyopathy
    A. S. Veklich, N. A. Koziolova, P. G. Karavaev
    Russian Journal of Cardiology.2019; (11): 42.     CrossRef
  • Short‑term impact of aged garlic extract on endothelial function in diabetes: A randomized, double‑blind, placebo‑controlled trial
    Sajad Hamal, Lavanya Cherukuri, Divya Birudaraju, Suguru Matsumoto, April Kinninger, Bhanu Chaganti, Ferdinand Flores, Kashif Shaikh, Sion Roy, Matthew Budoff
    Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine.2019;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • Association between Breakfast Frequency and Atherosclerotic Cardiovascular Disease Risk: A Cross-Sectional Study of KNHANES Data, 2014–2016
    Hyeon Ji Lee, Jieun Jang, Sang Ah Lee, Dong-Woo Choi, Eun-Cheol Park
    International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health.2019; 16(10): 1853.     CrossRef
  • Response: Cardio-Ankle Vascular Index as a Surrogate Marker of Early Atherosclerotic Cardiovascular Disease in Koreans with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (Diabetes Metab J 2018;42:285-95)
    So Young Park, Suk Chon
    Diabetes & Metabolism Journal.2018; 42(5): 449.     CrossRef
  • Letter: Cardio-Ankle Vascular Index as a Surrogate Marker of Early Atherosclerotic Cardiovascular Disease in Koreans with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (Diabetes Metab J 2018;42:285-95)
    Dongwon Yi
    Diabetes & Metabolism Journal.2018; 42(5): 447.     CrossRef
Review
Obesity and Metabolic Syndrome
Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease: The Emerging Burden in Cardiometabolic and Renal Diseases
Eugene Han, Yong-ho Lee
Diabetes Metab J. 2017;41(6):430-437.   Published online November 17, 2017
DOI: https://doi.org/10.4093/dmj.2017.41.6.430
  • 10,166 View
  • 106 Download
  • 68 Web of Science
  • 74 Crossref
AbstractAbstract PDFPubReader   ePub   

As the number of individuals with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) has increased, the influence of NAFLD on other metabolic diseases has been highlighted. Accumulating epidemiologic evidence indicates that NAFLD not only affects the liver but also increases the risk of extra-hepatic diseases such as type 2 diabetes mellitus, metabolic syndrome, dyslipidemia, hypertension, cardiovascular or cerebrovascular diseases, and chronic kidney disease. Non-alcoholic steatohepatitis, an advanced type of NAFLD, can aggravate these inter-organ relationships and lead to poorer outcomes. NAFLD induces insulin resistance and exacerbates systemic chronic inflammation and oxidative stress, which leads to organ dysfunction in extra-hepatic tissues. Although more research is needed to identify the pathophysiological mechanisms and causal relationship between NAFLD and cardiometabolic and renal diseases, screening for heart, brain, and kidney diseases, risk assessment for diabetes, and a multidisciplinary approach for managing these patients should be highly encouraged.

Citations

Citations to this article as recorded by  
  • An insight on the additive impact of type 2 diabetes mellitus and nonalcoholic fatty liver disease on cardiovascular consequences
    Monika Bhardwaj, Papiya Mitra Mazumder
    Molecular Biology Reports.2025;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • Oxidative stress and inflammation in hemodialysis: a comparison of patients with or without advanced nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD)
    Vanja Kalacun, Robert Ekart, Sebastjan Bevc, Pavel Skok, Radovan Hojs, Nina Vodošek Hojs
    Renal Failure.2025;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • Disrupted metabolic flux balance between pyruvate dehydrogenase and pyruvate carboxylase in human fatty liver
    Jae Mo Park, Sung-Han Lin, Jeannie D. Baxter, Crystal E. Harrison, Jennine Leary, Corey Mozingo, Jeff Liticker, Craig R. Malloy, Eunsook S. Jin
    Metabolism.2025; 165: 156151.     CrossRef
  • Case 9-2025: A 59-Year-Old Man with Hepatocellular Carcinoma
    Richard C. Cabot, Eric S. Rosenberg, David M. Dudzinski, Meridale V. Baggett, Daniel Restrepo, Dennis C. Sgroi, Jo-Anne O. Shepard, Emily K. McDonald, Kathleen E. Corey, David M. Dudzinski, Alexander R. Guimaraes, Mari Mino-Kenudson
    New England Journal of Medicine.2025; 392(12): 1216.     CrossRef
  • Serum uric acid may be a mediator of risk factors in metabolic dysfunction associated steatotic liver disease
    Xueying Wang, Song Leng
    Scandinavian Journal of Gastroenterology.2025; 60(6): 581.     CrossRef
  • Impact of physical activities in metabolic dysfunction associated steatotic liver disease, sarcopenia, and cardiovascular disease
    Eugene Han, Sin Yung Woo, Justin Y. Jeon, Eun Seok Kang, Bong-Soo Cha, Byung-Wan Lee, Yong-ho Lee
    Diabetes Research and Clinical Practice.2025; 224: 112209.     CrossRef
  • The cross-sectional study on changes in fasting lipid profile and liver enzyme in type 2 diabetic patients in tertiary healthcare
    Paras Desai, Sanket Rathod, Hitendrakumar K. Bhavsar, Bhavik Prajapati, Sachin Patel, Mehul Kaliya
    International Journal of Research in Medical Sciences.2025; 13(5): 1971.     CrossRef
  • Metabolically Healthy Obesity and Metabolic Dysfunction-Associated Steatotic Liver Disease (MASLD): Navigating the Controversies in Disease Development and Progression
    Chrysi Koliaki, Maria Dalamaga, Konstantinos Kakounis, Stavros Liatis
    Current Obesity Reports.2025;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • Impact of type 2 diabetes on the risk of cardiovascular disease and cardiovascular mortality in patients with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease: a nationwide population-based study
    Eun Roh, Han Na Jung, Ji Hye Heo, Kyungdo Han, Jun Goo Kang, Seong Jin Lee, Sung-Hee Ihm
    BMJ Public Health.2025; 3(1): e002020.     CrossRef
  • Association of temporal MASLD with type 2 diabetes, cardiovascular disease and mortality
    Eugene Han, Kyung-Do Han, Yong-ho Lee, Kyung-Soo Kim, Sangmo Hong, Jung Hwan Park, Cheol-Young Park
    Cardiovascular Diabetology.2025;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • Association of chronic kidney disease and type 2 diabetes mellitus with metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease and liver fibrosis assessed by transient elastography: a cross-sectional study based on NHANES 2017–2020
    Ting Xu, Weifang Zhu
    Diabetes Research and Clinical Practice.2025; 227: 112418.     CrossRef
  • High sensitivity C-reactive protein may be a significant predictor of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease in non-obese adults: A four-year retrospective study
    Changxi Chen, Jiande Gong, Mengting Li, Shiyu Pan, Guitao Xia, Yuemei Xu, Hongliang Li, Qi Lin
    Nutrition, Metabolism and Cardiovascular Diseases.2025; 35(12): 104224.     CrossRef
  • Association between cardiometabolic index and cardiometabolic multimorbidity in non-alcoholic fatty liver disease patients: evidence from a cross-sectional study
    Jiayuan Ye, Yilian Xie, Yuejiang Gong
    Scientific Reports.2025;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • Association between urinary albumin-to-creatinine ratio and metabolic dysfunction-associated fatty liver disease in individuals without diabetes mellitus
    Qi Jia, Liting Hao, Mimi Qiang, Jing Gao, Cheng Zhou, Wei Hu, Zhuying Bu, Cunying Meng
    Medicine.2025; 104(44): e45270.     CrossRef
  • Modeling the progression of NAFLD: a multi-state Markov approach based on BMI classification in the Chinese population
    Jianmin Tang, Halengbieke Aheyeerke, Chao Tong, Xuetong Ni, Tengrui Cao, Yumei Han, Shuo Chen, Linrun Kong, Xinghua Yang
    Exploration of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases.2025;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • Cross-sectional and longitudinal associations between fatty liver index and kidney function using updated MASLD and CKD–EPI 2021 definitions: a population-based study with region-specific cutoffs
    Sina Bazmi, Mohammadreza Fardaei, Reza Homayounfar, Maryam Kazemi, Babak Pezeshki, Reza Malekzadeh, Nasrollah Ghahramani, Mojtaba Farjam
    European Journal of Medical Research.2025;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • Inter‐relationships between cardiovascular, renal and metabolic diseases: Underlying evidence and implications for integrated interdisciplinary care and management
    Jiten Vora, David Cherney, Mikhail N. Kosiborod, Jonas Spaak, Naresh Kanumilli, Kamlesh Khunti, Carolyn S. P. Lam, Michael Bachmann, Peter Fenici
    Diabetes, Obesity and Metabolism.2024; 26(5): 1567.     CrossRef
  • Non‐alcoholic fatty liver modifies associations of body mass index and waist circumference with cardiometabolic risk: The CARDIA study
    Mahesh Mathew, Zachary C. Pope, Pamela J. Schreiner, David R. Jacobs, Lisa B. VanWagner, James G. Terry, Mark A. Pereira
    Obesity Science & Practice.2024;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • Relationship between fibrosis-4 score and microvascular complications in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus
    Beril Turan Erdogan, Abbas Ali Tam, Husniye Baser, Fatma Neslihan Cuhaci Seyrek, Sefika Burcak Polat, Reyhan Ersoy, Oya Topaloglu, Bekir Cakir
    Arab Journal of Gastroenterology.2024; 25(3): 269.     CrossRef
  • Acute Kidney Injury in Patients with Chronic Liver Disease: A Review
    Hilary A. Elom, Yassmin Hegazy, Edgar V Lerma, Mohamed Hassanein
    Indian Journal of Nephrology.2024; 35: 21.     CrossRef
  • Investigation of cardiovascular risk factors in diabetic and nondiabetic patients with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease
    Mona Barati, Azam Teimouri, Awat Feizi, Bijan Iraj, Mozhgan Karimifar
    Journal of Research in Medical Sciences.2024;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • Relationship between Uric Acid to High Density Lipoprotein Cholesterol Ratio and Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease in Nonoverweight/Obese Patients with Type 2 Diabetes
    Yuliang Cui, Zhenzhen Qu, Wenmei Hu, Haiyan Shi, Faustino R. Perez-Lopez
    International Journal of Endocrinology.2023; 2023: 1.     CrossRef
  • Emerging Role of Protein O-GlcNAcylation in Liver Metabolism: Implications for Diabetes and NAFLD
    Ziyan Xie, Ting Xie, Jieying Liu, Qian Zhang, Xinhua Xiao
    International Journal of Molecular Sciences.2023; 24(3): 2142.     CrossRef
  • Lean or Non-obese Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease Patients: Are They Really Lean?
    Eugene Han, Yong-ho Lee
    Clinical and Molecular Hepatology.2023; 29(4): 980.     CrossRef
  • Factores de riesgo para fibrosis hepática en pacientes diabéticos con enfermedad renal cronica terminal
    Ismael Yepes Barreto, Diana Romero Florez, Jorge Coronado Daza
    Revista colombiana de Gastroenterología.2023; 38(3): 278.     CrossRef
  • Circ_0004535/miR-1827/CASP8 network involved in type 2 diabetes mellitus with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease
    Min Li, Ai Zeng, Xinle Tang, Hui Xu, Wei Xiong, Yanying Guo
    Scientific Reports.2023;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease associated with greater herpes zoster risk than alcoholic fatty liver disease
    Cheng-Wei Yu, Chia-Hung Chen, Yung-Chi Cheng, Wen-Che Hsieh, Tzu-Ju Hsu, Fuu-Jen Tsai, Chao-Yu Hsu
    European Journal of Medical Research.2023;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • A GLP‐1/GLP‐2 receptor dual agonist to treat NASH: Targeting the gut‐liver axis and microbiome
    Eun Ran Kim, Jeong Su Park, Jin Hee Kim, Ji Young Oh, In Jeong Oh, Da Hyun Choi, Yu seol Lee, I. Seul Park, SeungWon Kim, Da Hyun Lee, Jae Hee Cheon, Jin‐Woo Bae, Minyoung Lee, Jin Won Cho, In Bok An, Eun Joo Nam, Sang‐In Yang, Myung‐Shik Lee, Soo Han Bae
    Hepatology.2022; 75(6): 1523.     CrossRef
  • Analysis of Severe Hypoglycemia Among Adults With Type 2 Diabetes and Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease
    Ji-Yeon Lee, Young-eun Kim, Kyungdo Han, Eugene Han, Byung Wan Lee, Eun Seok Kang, Bong-Soo Cha, Seung-Hyun Ko, Yong-ho Lee
    JAMA Network Open.2022; 5(2): e220262.     CrossRef
  • State-of-the-Art Overview of the Pharmacological Treatment of Non-Alcoholic Steatohepatitis
    Yongin Cho, Yong-ho Lee
    Endocrinology and Metabolism.2022; 37(1): 38.     CrossRef
  • Fatty Liver Index is a valid predictor of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) in pregnancy
    Iresha Sandamali Koralegedara, Janith Niwanthaka Warnasekara, Ashani Rathnayake, Korale Gedara Dayaratne, Suneth Buddhika Agampodi
    BMJ Open Gastroenterology.2022; 9(1): e000913.     CrossRef
  • A Prediction Model of the Incidence of Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease With Visceral Fatty Obesity: A General Population-Based Study
    Yang Zhou, Xiangping Chai, Tuo Guo, Yuting Pu, Mengping Zeng, Aifang Zhong, Guifang Yang, Jiajia Cai
    Frontiers in Public Health.2022;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease and sarcopenia is associated with the risk of albuminuria independent of insulin resistance, and obesity
    Eugene Han, Mi Kyung Kim, Seung-Soon Im, Byoung Kuk Jang, Hye Soon Kim
    Journal of Diabetes and its Complications.2022; 36(8): 108253.     CrossRef
  • Increased Risk of NAFLD in Adults with Glomerular Hyperfiltration: An 8-Year Cohort Study Based on 147,162 Koreans
    Dae-Jeong Koo, Mi Yeon Lee, Inha Jung, Sun Joon Moon, Hyemi Kwon, Eun-Jung Rhee, Cheol-Young Park, Won-Young Lee, Ki Won Oh, Se Eun Park
    Journal of Personalized Medicine.2022; 12(7): 1142.     CrossRef
  • Effects of Avocado Oil Supplementation on Insulin Sensitivity, Cognition, and Inflammatory and Oxidative Stress Markers in Different Tissues of Diet-Induced Obese Mice
    Schérolin de Oliveira Marques, Alexandre Pastoris Muller, Thais Fernandes Luciano, Natália dos Santos Tramontin, Mateus da Silva Caetano, Bruno Luis da Silva Pieri, Tatiane Lima Amorim, Marcone Augusto Leal de Oliveira, Cláudio Teodoro de Souza
    Nutrients.2022; 14(14): 2906.     CrossRef
  • Relationship Between Handgrip Strength and Laboratory Values in Adolescents With Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease
    Si Yeong Lee, Yong Whi Jeong, Hong Koh, Yunkoo Kang
    Journal of Clinical Densitometry.2022; 25(4): 490.     CrossRef
  • Association between non-alcoholic fatty liver disease and metabolically healthy deterioration across different body shape phenotypes at baseline and change patterns
    Liu Lei, Wang Changfa, Wang Jiangang, Chen Zhiheng, Yuan Ting, Zhu Xiaoling, Deng Yuling, Wang Yaqin
    Scientific Reports.2022;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • Muscle fat contents rather than muscle mass determines nonalcoholic steatohepatitis and liver fibrosis in patients with severe obesity
    Eugene Han, Mi Kyung Kim, Hye Won Lee, Seungwan Ryu, Hye Soon Kim, Byoung Kuk Jang, Youngsung Suh
    Obesity.2022; 30(12): 2440.     CrossRef
  • Prediction of decreased estimated glomerular filtration rate using liver fibrosis markers: a renal biopsy-based study
    Akira Mima
    Scientific Reports.2022;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • Therapeutic implications of shared mechanisms in non-alcoholic fatty liver disease and chronic kidney disease
    Mehmet Kanbay, Mustafa C. Bulbul, Sidar Copur, Baris Afsar, Alan A. Sag, Dimitrie Siriopol, Masanari Kuwabara, Silvia Badarau, Adrian Covic, Alberto Ortiz
    Journal of Nephrology.2021; 34(3): 649.     CrossRef
  • Taxifolin ameliorate high-fat-diet feeding plus acute ethanol binge-induced steatohepatitis through inhibiting inflammatory caspase-1-dependent pyroptosis
    Zi-Ying Zhan, Mei Wu, Yue Shang, Min Jiang, Jian Liu, Chun-Ying Qiao, Huan Ye, Yong-Ce Lin, Mei-Hua Piao, Rong-Hui Sun, Zhi-Hong Zhang, Jing-Ya Jiao, Yan-Ling Wu, Ji-Xing Nan, Li-Hua Lian
    Food & Function.2021; 12(1): 362.     CrossRef
  • Albuminuria Is Associated with Steatosis Burden in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus and Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease
    Eugene Han, Mi Kyung Kim, Byoung Kuk Jang, Hye Soon Kim
    Diabetes & Metabolism Journal.2021; 45(5): 698.     CrossRef
  • The Leg Fat to Total Fat Ratio Is Associated with Lower Risks of Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease and Less Severe Hepatic Fibrosis: Results from Nationwide Surveys (KNHANES 2008–2011)
    Hyun Min Kim, Yong-ho Lee
    Endocrinology and Metabolism.2021; 36(6): 1232.     CrossRef
  • A preliminary report about the detection of ventricular repolarisation in patients with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease
    Marwan S. Al-Nimer, Vian A. Esmail, Dler S. Hamid, Mohammad O. Mohammad
    Journal of Taibah University Medical Sciences.2020; 15(4): 284.     CrossRef
  • Atorvastatin attenuates obese-induced kidney injury and impaired renal organic anion transporter 3 function through inhibition of oxidative stress and inflammation
    Nattavadee Pengrattanachot, Rada Cherngwelling, Krit Jaikumkao, Anchalee Pongchaidecha, Laongdao Thongnak, Myat Theingi Swe, Varanuj Chatsudthipong, Anusorn Lungkaphin
    Biochimica et Biophysica Acta (BBA) - Molecular Basis of Disease.2020; 1866(6): 165741.     CrossRef
  • Correlation Between Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver and Chronic Kidney Disease
    Hasyim Kasim, St. Rabiul Zatalia, Haerani Rasyid, Syakib Bakri, Muhammad L. Parewangi, Fardah Akil, Arifin Seweng
    The Open Urology & Nephrology Journal.2020; 13(1): 1.     CrossRef
  • Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: A Position Statement of the Fatty Liver Research Group of the Korean Diabetes Association
    Byung-Wan Lee, Yong-ho Lee, Cheol-Young Park, Eun-Jung Rhee, Won-Young Lee, Nan-Hee Kim, Kyung Mook Choi, Keun-Gyu Park, Yeon-Kyung Choi, Bong-Soo Cha, Dae Ho Lee
    Diabetes & Metabolism Journal.2020; 44(3): 382.     CrossRef
  • Sarcopenia: an emerging risk factor for non-alcoholic fatty liver disease
    Yong-ho Lee, Seung Up Kim
    Hepatology International.2020; 14(1): 5.     CrossRef
  • Association between Non-Alcoholic Steatohepatitis and Left Ventricular Diastolic Dysfunction in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus
    Hokyou Lee, Gyuri Kim, Young Ju Choi, Byung Wook Huh, Byung-Wan Lee, Eun Seok Kang, Bong-Soo Cha, Eun Jig Lee, Yong-ho Lee, Kap Bum Huh
    Diabetes & Metabolism Journal.2020; 44(2): 267.     CrossRef
  • Ipragliflozin Additively Ameliorates Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Controlled with Metformin and Pioglitazone: A 24-Week Randomized Controlled Trial
    Eugene Han, Yong-ho Lee, Byung-Wan Lee, Eun Seok Kang, Bong-Soo Cha
    Journal of Clinical Medicine.2020; 9(1): 259.     CrossRef
  • Non-alcoholic steatohepatitis and progression of carotid atherosclerosis in patients with type 2 diabetes: a Korean cohort study
    Hyeok-Hee Lee, Yongin Cho, Young Ju Choi, Byung Wook Huh, Byung-Wan Lee, Eun Seok Kang, Seok Won Park, Bong-Soo Cha, Eun Jig Lee, Yong-ho Lee, Kap Bum Huh
    Cardiovascular Diabetology.2020;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • Hepatic fibrosis is associated with total proteinuria in Korean patients with type 2 diabetes
    Eugene Han, Yongin Cho, Kyung-won Kim, Yong-ho Lee, Eun Seok Kang, Bong-Soo Cha, Byung-wan Lee
    Medicine.2020; 99(33): e21038.     CrossRef
  • Association between NAFLD and risk of prevalent chronic kidney disease: why there is a difference between east and west?
    Min Zhang, Su Lin, Ming-fang Wang, Jiao-feng Huang, Shi-ying Liu, Su-mei Wu, Hao-yang Zhang, Zi-mu Wu, Wen-Yue Liu, Dong-Chu Zhang, Chuan-ming Hao, Yue-yong Zhu, Ming-Hua Zheng, Xiao-zhong Wang
    BMC Gastroenterology.2020;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • Association Between Serum Bilirubin and the Progression of Carotid Atherosclerosis in Type 2 Diabetes
    Inkuk Lee, Hyeok-Hee Lee, Yongin Cho, Young Ju Choi, Byung Wook Huh, Byung-Wan Lee, Eun Seok Kang, Seok Won Park, Bong-Soo Cha, Eun Jig Lee, Yong-ho Lee, Kap Bum Huh
    Journal of Lipid and Atherosclerosis.2020; 9(1): 195.     CrossRef
  • Letter: Sarcopenia Is Significantly Associated with Presence and Severity of Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease (J Obes Metab Syndr 2019;28:129-38)
    Chan-Hee Jung
    Journal of Obesity & Metabolic Syndrome.2020; 29(2): 158.     CrossRef
  • Metabolic Syndrome and Abnormal Peri-Organ or Intra-Organ Fat (APIFat) Deposition in Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease: An Overview
    Niki Katsiki, Anca Pantea Stoian, Paschalis Steiropoulos, Nikolaos Papanas, Andra-Iulia Suceveanu, Dimitri P. Mikhailidis
    Metabolites.2020; 10(11): 465.     CrossRef
  • Heart Failure and Liver Disease
    Andrew Xanthopoulos, Randall C. Starling, Takeshi Kitai, Filippos Triposkiadis
    JACC: Heart Failure.2019; 7(2): 87.     CrossRef
  • Risk factors for non-alcoholic fatty liver disease-associated hepatic fibrosis in type 2 diabetes patients
    Asieh Mansour, Mohammad Reza Mohajeri-Tehrani, Majid Samadi, Hadis Gerami, Mostafa Qorbani, Nick Bellissimo, Hossein Poustchi, Azita Hekmatdoost
    Acta Diabetologica.2019; 56(11): 1199.     CrossRef
  • Targeting CYP4A attenuates hepatic steatosis in a novel multicellular organotypic liver model
    Jae-Sung Ryu, Minji Lee, Seon Ju Mun, Sin-Hyoung Hong, Ho-Joon Lee, Hyo-Suk Ahn, Kyung-Sook Chung, Gun-Hwa Kim, Myung Jin Son
    Journal of Biological Engineering.2019;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • Non-alcoholic steatohepatitis and type 2 diabetes mellitus: the effects of weight loss versus drug treatment
    Niki Katsiki, Vasilios G Athyros
    Current Medical Research and Opinion.2019; 35(7): 1305.     CrossRef
  • Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease in Diabetes. Part I: Epidemiology and Diagnosis
    Yong-ho Lee, Yongin Cho, Byung-Wan Lee, Cheol-Young Park, Dae Ho Lee, Bong-Soo Cha, Eun-Jung Rhee
    Diabetes & Metabolism Journal.2019; 43(1): 31.     CrossRef
  • Progress in the Study of the Pathogenesis of Chronic Kidney Disease Associated with Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease
    清莲 宋
    Advances in Clinical Medicine.2019; 09(09): 1073.     CrossRef
  • Association Between Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease and Future Deterioration of Metabolic Health: A Cohort Study
    You‐Cheol Hwang, Hong‐Yup Ahn, Cheol‐Young Park
    Obesity.2019; 27(8): 1360.     CrossRef
  • Subfornical organ insulin receptors tonically modulate cardiovascular and metabolic function
    Jin Kwon Jeong, Julie A. Horwath, Hayk Simonyan, Katherine A. Blackmore, Scott D. Butler, Colin N. Young
    Physiological Genomics.2019; 51(8): 333.     CrossRef
  • Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease and Diabetes: Part II: Treatment
    Kyung-Soo Kim, Byung-Wan Lee, Yong Jin Kim, Dae Ho Lee, Bong-Soo Cha, Cheol-Young Park
    Diabetes & Metabolism Journal.2019; 43(2): 127.     CrossRef
  • Chicken Protein Hydrolysates Have Anti-Inflammatory Effects on High-Fat Diet Induced Obesity in Mice
    Thomas A. Aloysius, Ana Karina Carvajal, Rasa Slizyte, Jon Skorve, Rolf K. Berge, Bodil Bjørndal
    Medicines.2018; 6(1): 5.     CrossRef
  • STK25 Regulates Cardiovascular Disease Progression in a Mouse Model of Hypercholesterolemia
    Emmelie Cansby, Elin Magnusson, Esther Nuñez-Durán, Manoj Amrutkar, Matteo Pedrelli, Paolo Parini, Jenny Hoffmann, Marcus Ståhlman, Brian W. Howell, Hanns-Ulrich Marschall, Jan Borén, Margit Mahlapuu
    Arteriosclerosis, Thrombosis, and Vascular Biology.2018; 38(8): 1723.     CrossRef
  • Organ-Specific Mechanisms of Transendothelial Neutrophil Migration in the Lung, Liver, Kidney, and Aorta
    Sanne L. Maas, Oliver Soehnlein, Joana R. Viola
    Frontiers in Immunology.2018;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • Visceral adiposity index as a predictor of NAFLD: A prospective study with 4‐year follow‐up
    Chaonan Xu, Zhimin Ma, Yunfeng Wang, Xiangtong Liu, Lixin Tao, Deqiang Zheng, Xiuhua Guo, Xinghua Yang
    Liver International.2018; 38(12): 2294.     CrossRef
  • Obesity induced alterations in redox homeostasis and oxidative stress are present from an early age
    Alfonso M. Lechuga-Sancho, David Gallego-Andujar, Pablo Ruiz-Ocaña, Francisco M. Visiedo, Ana Saez-Benito, Mónica Schwarz, Carmen Segundo, Rosa M. Mateos, Manuel Portero-Otin
    PLOS ONE.2018; 13(1): e0191547.     CrossRef
  • Capybara Oil Improves Hepatic Mitochondrial Dysfunction, Steatosis, and Inflammation in a Murine Model of Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease
    Polyana C. Marinho, Aline B. Vieira, Priscila G. Pereira, Kíssila Rabelo, Bianca T. Ciambarella, Ana L. R. Nascimento, Erika Cortez, Aníbal S. Moura, Fernanda V. Guimarães, Marco A. Martins, Gonzalo Barquero, Rodrigo N. Ferreira, Jorge J. de Carvalho, Yua
    Evidence-Based Complementary and Alternative Medicine.2018;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • Persistently Increased Resting Energy Expenditure Predicts Short-Term Mortality in Patients with Acute-on-Chronic Liver Failure
    Jia Yao, Xiaoshuang Zhou, Hui Wang, Lili Yuan, Yu Chen, Zhongping Duan
    Annals of Nutrition and Metabolism.2018; 73(1): 2.     CrossRef
  • The Sodium-Glucose Cotransporter 2 Inhibitor Dapagliflozin Prevents Renal and Liver Disease in Western Diet Induced Obesity Mice
    Dong Wang, Yuhuan Luo, Xiaoxin Wang, David Orlicky, Komuraiah Myakala, Pengyuan Yang, Moshe Levi
    International Journal of Molecular Sciences.2018; 19(1): 137.     CrossRef
  • Association of sex hormone-binding globulin with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease in Chinese adults
    Jing Luo, Qian Chen, Tianran Shen, Xu Wang, Wanjun Fang, Xiaocai Wu, Zenan Yuan, Gengdong Chen, Wenhua Ling, Yuming Chen
    Nutrition & Metabolism.2018;[Epub]     CrossRef
Original Article
Epidemiology
Application of the 2013 American College of Cardiology/American Heart Association Cholesterol Guideline to the Korean National Health and Nutrition Examination Surveys from 1998 to 2012
Young Shin Song, Tae Jung Oh, Kyoung Min Kim, Jae Hoon Moon, Sung Hee Choi, Hak Chul Jang, Kyong Soo Park, Soo Lim
Diabetes Metab J. 2017;41(1):38-50.   Published online December 16, 2016
DOI: https://doi.org/10.4093/dmj.2017.41.1.38
  • 8,614 View
  • 41 Download
  • 1 Web of Science
  • 1 Crossref
AbstractAbstract PDFSupplementary MaterialPubReader   ePub   
Background

The 2013 American College of Cardiology/American Heart Association (ACC/AHA) guideline for the treatment of blood cholesterol recommends statin therapy for individuals at high risk of atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD). The aim of this study was to investigate serial trends in the percentages of Korean adults considered eligible for statin therapy according to the new ACC/AHA cholesterol guideline.

Methods

Data from the Korean National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (KNHANES) I (1998, n=7,698), II (2001, n=5,654), III (2005, n=5,269), IV (2007 to 2009, n=15,727), and V (2010 to 2012, n=16,304), which used a stratified, multistage, probability sampling design, were used as representative of the entire Korean population.

Results

The percentage of adults eligible for statin therapy according to the ACC/AHA cholesterol guideline increased with time: 17.0%, 19.0%, 20.8%, 20.2%, and 22.0% in KNHANES I, II, III, IV, and V, respectively (P=0.022). The prevalence of ASCVD was 1.4% in KNHANES I and increased to 3.3% in KNHANES V. The percentage of diabetic patients aged 40 to 75 years with a low density lipoprotein cholesterol levels of 70 to 189 mg/dL increased from 4.8% in KNHANES I to 6.1% in KNHANES V. People with an estimated 10-year ASCVD risk ≥7.5% and aged 40 to 75 years accounted for the largest percentage among the four statin benefit groups: 9.1% in KNHANES I and 11.0% in KNHANES V.

Conclusion

Application of the 2013 ACC/AHA guideline has found that the percentage of Korean adults in the statin benefit groups has increased over the past 15 years.

Citations

Citations to this article as recorded by  
  • Sex differences in risk factors for subclinical hypothyroidism
    Jeonghoon Ha, Jeongmin Lee, Kwanhoon Jo, Dong-Jun Lim, Moo Il Kang, Bong Yun Cha, Min-Hee Kim
    Endocrine Connections.2018; 7(4): 511.     CrossRef
Review
Resistin in Rodents and Humans
Hyeong Kyu Park, Rexford S. Ahima
Diabetes Metab J. 2013;37(6):404-414.   Published online December 12, 2013
DOI: https://doi.org/10.4093/dmj.2013.37.6.404
  • 12,617 View
  • 102 Download
  • 136 Crossref
AbstractAbstract PDFPubReader   ePub   

Obesity is characterized by excess accumulation of lipids in adipose tissue and other organs, and chronic inflammation associated with insulin resistance and an increased risk of type 2 diabetes. Obesity, type 2 diabetes, and cardiovascular diseases are major health concerns. Resistin was first discovered as an adipose-secreted hormone (adipokine) linked to obesity and insulin resistance in rodents. Adipocyte-derived resistin is increased in obese rodents and strongly related to insulin resistance. However, in contrast to rodents, resistin is expressed and secreted from macrophages in humans and is increased in inflammatory conditions. Some studies have also suggested an association between increased resistin levels and insulin resistance, diabetes and cardiovascular disease. Genetic studies have provided additional evidence for a role of resistin in insulin resistance and inflammation. Resistin appears to mediate the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis by promoting endothelial dysfunction, vascular smooth muscle cell proliferation, arterial inflammation, and formation of foam cells. Indeed, resistin is predictive of atherosclerosis and poor clinical outcomes in patients with coronary artery disease and ischemic stroke. There is also growing evidence that elevated resistin is associated with the development of heart failure. This review will focus on the biology of resistin in rodents and humans, and evidence linking resistin with type 2 diabetes, atherosclerosis, and cardiovascular disease.

Citations

Citations to this article as recorded by  
  • A Road Map to Understanding Cardiovascular Disease in Diabetes: From the AHA Strategically Focused Research Network in Cardiometabolic Health and Type 2 Diabetes
    E. Dale Abel, Rexford S. Ahima, Ethan J. Anderson, David D. Berg, Jeffrey S. Berger, Saumya Das, Mark W. Feinberg, Edward A. Fisher, Michael S. Garshick, Chiara Giannarelli, Ira J. Goldberg, Naomi M. Hamburg, Sangwon F. Kim, Filipe A. Moura, Chiadi E. Ndu
    Circulation Research.2026;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • ​The association of GNAS defects with pro-inflammatory adipokine levels in pseudohypoparathyroidism type 1
    Yingchun Dong, Yi Yang, An Song, Yan Jiang, Mei Li, Weibo Xia, Fengying Gong, Ou Wang, Xiaoping Xing
    Journal of Endocrinological Investigation.2026;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • Effect of 21-Day Omega-3 Polyunsaturated Fatty Acid Supplementation on Exercise-Induced Secretory Factors and Inflammation Status in Young Men: A Randomized Double-Blind Trial
    Magdalena Konert, Paulina Brzezińska, Andrzej Kochanowicz, Elżbieta Piskorska, Błażej Stankiewicz, Ewa Polkowska, Tomasz Sledzinski, Adriana Mika, Jędrzej Antosiewicz, Jan Mieszkowski
    Nutrients.2026; 18(3): 539.     CrossRef
  • Obesity-driven hunger: From pathophysiology to intervention
    Ahmad Khusairi Azemi, Yahkub Babatunde Mutalub, Monsurat Abdulwahab, Aida Hanum Ghulam Rasool, Sagir Mustapha, Siti Qusyasyiah Ahmad Suhaimi, Siti Safiah Mokhtar
    Obesity Medicine.2025; 54: 100588.     CrossRef
  • Potential Ligands to Resistin Against Prostate Cancer, Evaluated by Molecular Docking and In Vitro Assays to Develop an Anticancer Drug
    Bryan A. Rivera‐Suárez, Victor G. García González, Brenda Chimal‐Vega, Anna C. Navarro Padrón, Octavio Galindo‐Hernández, José L. Vique‐Sánchez
    Chemistry & Biodiversity.2025;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • Adipokine levels and T786C polymorphism of eNOS gene promoter correlation in patients with arterial hypertension
    Svitlana Pidruchna, Uliana Zakharchuk, Olga Svan, Bohdan Zablotskyi, Oleksandr Tokarskyy
    Endocrine Regulations.2025; 59(1): 17.     CrossRef
  • Higher serum resistin levels and increased frailty risk in older adults: Implications beyond metabolic function
    Beom-Jun Kim, Yunju Jo, Ji Yeon Baek, So Jeong Park, Hee-Won Jung, Eunju Lee, Il-Young Jang, Hyuk Sakong, Dongryeol Ryu
    The Journal of nutrition, health and aging.2025; 29(5): 100521.     CrossRef
  • Low fat-diet and circulating adipokines concentrations: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials
    Sepideh Soltani, Fatemeh Meshkini, Kimia Torabinasab, Elham Razmpoosh, Omid Toupchian, Sheida Zeraattalab-Motlagh, Amirhossein Hemmati, Zohreh Sadat Sangsefidi, Shima Abdollahi
    Diabetology & Metabolic Syndrome.2025;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • Adipokines in preeclampsia: disrupted signaling pathways and novel therapeutic strategies
    Rania Abdeen Hussain Abdalla, Nuzhat Parveen, Naveed Iqbal, Abdelrahim Awadelkarim Abdelrahman Mohamed, Syed Monowar Alam Shahid, Gamal Eldin Mohamed Osman Elhussein, Mohd. Saleem, Mohd Shahid Khan
    European Journal of Medical Research.2025;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • Evaluation of Selected Serum Adipocytokines in Patients with Relapsing–Remitting Multiple Sclerosis Treated with Immunomodulatory Second-Line Drugs
    Bożena Adamczyk, Natalia Morawiec, Robert Kwinta, Michał Rakoca, Sławomir Wawrzyniak, Jolanta Zalejska-Fiolka, Agata Sowa, Ksawier Sawa, Monika Adamczyk-Sowa
    International Journal of Molecular Sciences.2025; 26(16): 8070.     CrossRef
  • Resistin as Modulator of Functional Activity of Phagocytes in Colostrum and Blood of Overweight and Obese Mothers
    Carla Roberta Silva Souza Antônio, Elisia Possidônea Pereira, Danielle Cristina Honorio França, Patricia Gelli Feres de Marchi, Emanuelle Carolina Honorio França, Anibal Monteiro de Magalhães Neto, Elton Brito Ribeiro, Danny Laura Gomes Fagundes-Triches,
    Biomedicines.2025; 13(11): 2815.     CrossRef
  • Resistin in cardiac diseases: from molecular mechanisms to clinical implications
    Yicheng Ling, Baixue Han, Tianxiang Gu, Xuan Jiang
    Frontiers in Endocrinology.2025;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • Resistin – A Plausible Therapeutic Target in the Pathogenesis of Psoriasis
    Manupati Srikanth, Mahaboobkhan Rasool
    Immunological Investigations.2024; 53(2): 115.     CrossRef
  • MHO or MUO? White adipose tissue remodeling
    Jing Yi Zhao, Li Juan Zhou, Kai Le Ma, Rui Hao, Min Li
    Obesity Reviews.2024;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • Resistin in endocrine pancreas of sheep: Presence and expression related to different diets
    Margherita Maranesi, Elisa Palmioli, Cecilia Dall'Aglio, Daniele Marini, Polina Anipchenko, Elena De Felice, Paola Scocco, Francesca Mercati
    General and Comparative Endocrinology.2024; 348: 114452.     CrossRef
  • Adipocytokines levels as potential biomarkers for discriminating patients with a diagnosis of depressive disorder from healthy controls
    Elżbieta Małujło-Balcerska, Tadeusz Pietras
    Journal of Psychiatric Research.2024; 171: 163.     CrossRef
  • Adipokines in atopic dermatitis: the link between obesity and atopic dermatitis
    Shiyun Zhang, Bingjie Zhang, Yuehua Liu, Li Li
    Lipids in Health and Disease.2024;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • The Role of Adipokines in the Control of Pituitary Functions
    Barbara Kaminska, Beata Kurowicka, Marta Kiezun, Kamil Dobrzyn, Katarzyna Kisielewska, Marlena Gudelska, Grzegorz Kopij, Karolina Szymanska, Barbara Zarzecka, Oguzhan Koker, Ewa Zaobidna, Nina Smolinska, Tadeusz Kaminski
    Animals.2024; 14(2): 353.     CrossRef
  • Adipokine imbalance and its role in the pathogenesis of novel coronavirus infection
    I. D. Bespalova, U. M. Mitrichenko, V. V. Kalyuzhin, E. S. Koroleva, Yu. I. Koshchavtseva, D. S. Romanov, D. E. Pershina
    Bulletin of Siberian Medicine.2024; 22(4): 164.     CrossRef
  • Association of adipokine levels with obesity in periodontal health and disease: A systematic review with meta‐analysis and meta‐regression
    Eswar Kandaswamy, Chun‐Teh Lee, Soumya Bardvalli Gururaj, Sachin Shivanaikar, Vinayak M. Joshi
    Journal of Periodontal Research.2024; 59(4): 623.     CrossRef
  • Role of epicardial adipose tissue in the pathogenesis of chronic inflammation in heart failure with preserved ejection fraction
    O. N. Dzhioeva, Yu. S. Timofeev, V. A. Metelskaya, A. A. Bogdanova, T. Yu. Vedenikin, O. M. Drapkina
    Cardiovascular Therapy and Prevention.2024; 23(3): 3928.     CrossRef
  • Immunological roles for resistin and related adipokines in obesity-associated tumors
    Jingxin Zhang, Enting Lu, Lei Deng, Yaoxuan Zhu, Xiaoqing Lu, Xinyuan Li, Fangmei Li, Yan Yan, Jing-Yan Han, Yin Li, Yi Zhang
    International Immunopharmacology.2024; 142: 112911.     CrossRef
  • Association of maternal body composition and diet on breast milk hormones and neonatal growth during the first month of lactation
    David Ramiro-Cortijo, Pratibha Singh, Gloria Herranz Carrillo, Andrea Gila-Díaz, María A. Martín-Cabrejas, Camilia R. Martin, Silvia M. Arribas
    Frontiers in Endocrinology.2023;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • Upregulation of peripheral blood mononuclear cells resistin gene expression in severe obstructive sleep apnea and obstructive sleep apnea with coexisting type 2 diabetes mellitus
    Branislava Rajkov, Marija Zdravković, Ana Ninić, Milica Brajković, Slobodan Klašnja, Vera Gardijan, Lidija Memon, Jelena Munjas, Marija Mihajlović, Vesna Spasojević- Kalimanovska, Vojislav Radosavljević, Miron Sopić
    Sleep and Breathing.2023; 27(5): 2031.     CrossRef
  • Fat-to-heart crosstalk in health and disease
    Fleur Lodewijks, Timothy A. McKinsey, Emma L. Robinson
    Frontiers in Genetics.2023;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • Adipokines as Diagnostic and Prognostic Markers for the Severity of COVID-19
    Thomas Grewal, Christa Buechler
    Biomedicines.2023; 11(5): 1302.     CrossRef
  • Role of adipokines in sarcopenia
    Wenhao Lu, Wenjie Feng, Jieyu Lai, Dongliang Yuan, Wenfeng Xiao, Yusheng Li
    Chinese Medical Journal.2023; 136(15): 1794.     CrossRef
  • Resistin, TNF-α, and microRNA 124-3p expressions in peripheral blood mononuclear cells are associated with diabetic nephropathy
    Amin Monjezi, Azam Khedri, Mehrnoosh Zakerkish, Ghorban Mohammadzadeh
    International Journal of Diabetes in Developing Countries.2022; 42(1): 62.     CrossRef
  • Resistin in Urine and Breast Milk: Relation to Type of Feeding and Anthropometry at 1-Month
    Irena Santosa, Hiromichi Shoji, Kentaro Awata, Yoshiteru Arai, Hiroki Suganuma, Toshiaki Shimizu
    Pediatric Reports.2022; 14(1): 86.     CrossRef
  • High Serum Levels of Resistin is Associated With Acute Cerebral Infarction
    Kee Ook Lee, Kyung-Yul Lee, Cheol-Young Lee, Ji Hoon Kim, Jaeku Kang, Hoi Young Lee, Sang-Jun Na, Seung-Hun Oh, Ji Hoe Heo
    The Neurologist.2022; 27(2): 41.     CrossRef
  • Resistin production does not affect outcomes in a mouse model of acute surgical sepsis
    Anthony S. Bonavia, Zissis C. Chroneos, Victor Ruiz-Velasco, Charles H. Lang, Partha Mukhopadhyay
    PLOS ONE.2022; 17(3): e0265241.     CrossRef
  • Single-nucleotide polymorphisms as important risk factors of diabetes among Middle East population
    Iman Akhlaghipour, Amir Reza Bina, Mohammad Reza Mogharrabi, Ali Fanoodi, Amir Reza Ebrahimian, Soroush Khojasteh Kaffash, Atefeh Babazadeh Baghan, Mohammad Erfan Khorashadizadeh, Negin Taghehchian, Meysam Moghbeli
    Human Genomics.2022;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • Synergistic Effects of Weighted Genetic Risk Scores and Resistin and sST2 Levels on the Prognostication of Long-Term Outcomes in Patients with Coronary Artery Disease
    Hsin-Hua Chou, Lung-An Hsu, Jyh-Ming Jimmy Juang, Fu-Tien Chiang, Ming-Sheng Teng, Semon Wu, Yu-Lin Ko
    International Journal of Molecular Sciences.2022; 23(8): 4292.     CrossRef
  • Hypoxia Increases the Potential for Neutrophil-mediated Endothelial Damage in Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease
    Katharine M. Lodge, Arlette Vassallo, Bin Liu, Merete Long, Zhen Tong, Paul R. Newby, Danya Agha-Jaffar, Koralia Paschalaki, Clara E. Green, Kylie B. R. Belchamber, Victoria C. Ridger, Robert A. Stockley, Elizabeth Sapey, Charlotte Summers, Andrew S. Cowb
    American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine.2022; 205(8): 903.     CrossRef
  • The Role of the Adipokine Resistin in the Pathogenesis and Progression of Epithelial Ovarian Cancer
    Klaudia Parafiniuk, Wiktoria Skiba, Anna Pawłowska, Dorota Suszczyk, Aleksandra Maciejczyk, Iwona Wertel
    Biomedicines.2022; 10(4): 920.     CrossRef
  • Resistin Modulates Low-Density Lipoprotein Cholesterol Uptake in Human Placental Explants via PCSK9
    Sonia Nava-Salazar, Arturo Flores-Pliego, Giovanni Pérez-Martínez, Sandra Parra-Hernández, America Vanoye-Carlo, Francisco Ibarguengoitia-Ochoa, Otilia Perichart-Perera, Enrique Reyes-Muñoz, Juan Mario Solis-Paredes, Salvador Espino y Sosa, Guadalupe Estr
    Reproductive Sciences.2022; 29(11): 3242.     CrossRef
  • Differential Association of Selected Adipocytokines, Adiponectin, Leptin, Resistin, Visfatin and Chemerin, with the Pathogenesis and Progression of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM) in the Asir Region of Saudi Arabia: A Case Control Study
    Mohammad Muzaffar Mir, Rashid Mir, Mushabab Ayed Abdullah Alghamdi, Javed Iqbal Wani, Zia Ul Sabah, Mohammed Jeelani, Vijaya Marakala, Shahzada Khalid Sohail, Mohamed O’haj, Muffarah Hamid Alharthi, Mohannad Mohammad S. Alamri
    Journal of Personalized Medicine.2022; 12(5): 735.     CrossRef
  • Immune system and sarcopenia: Presented relationship and future perspective
    Xuzhi Zhang, Hengzhen Li, Miao He, Jingyu Wang, Yuxiang Wu, Yusheng Li
    Experimental Gerontology.2022; 164: 111823.     CrossRef
  • Adipose Tissue Secretion Pattern Influences β-Cell Wellness in the Transition from Obesity to Type 2 Diabetes
    Giuseppina Biondi, Nicola Marrano, Anna Borrelli, Martina Rella, Giuseppe Palma, Isabella Calderoni, Edoardo Siciliano, Pasquale Lops, Francesco Giorgino, Annalisa Natalicchio
    International Journal of Molecular Sciences.2022; 23(10): 5522.     CrossRef
  • Supplemental hydroxychloroquine therapy regulates adipokines in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus with stable disease
    Risa Wakiya, Kiyo Ueeda, Hiromi Shimada, Shusaku Nakashima, Tomohiro Kameda, Nobuyuki Miyatake, Mikiya Kato, Taichi Miyagi, Koichi Sugihara, Mao Mizusaki, Rina Mino, Norimitsu Kadowaki, Hiroaki Dobashi
    Clinical Rheumatology.2022; 41(11): 3345.     CrossRef
  • Can soy isoflavones in combination with soy protein change serum concentration of adiponectin and resistin? A systematic review and meta‐analysis on randomized clinical trials
    Mitra Hariri, Bahareh Amirkalali, Ensiyeh Mollanoroozy, Ali Gholami
    Food Science & Nutrition.2022; 10(12): 4126.     CrossRef
  • Adipokines: Deciphering the cardiovascular signature of adipose tissue
    Joseph C. Galley, Shubhnita Singh, Wanessa M.C. Awata, Juliano V. Alves, Thiago Bruder-Nascimento
    Biochemical Pharmacology.2022; 206: 115324.     CrossRef
  • Evaluation of the Anti-Obesity Effect of Zeaxanthin and Exercise in HFD-Induced Obese Rats
    Mona Al-thepyani, Salha Algarni, Hana Gashlan, Mohamed Elzubier, Lina Baz
    Nutrients.2022; 14(23): 4944.     CrossRef
  • Single High-Dose Vitamin D Supplementation as an Approach for Reducing Ultramarathon-Induced Inflammation: A Double-Blind Randomized Controlled Trial
    Jan Mieszkowski, Andżelika Borkowska, Błażej Stankiewicz, Andrzej Kochanowicz, Bartłomiej Niespodziński, Marcin Surmiak, Tomasz Waldziński, Rafał Rola, Miroslav Petr, Jędrzej Antosiewicz
    Nutrients.2021; 13(4): 1280.     CrossRef
  • Resistin mitigates stemness and metabolic profile of human adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells via insulin resistance
    Komal Rawal, Kishan M. Purohit, Tushar P. Patel, Neeta Karont, Sarita Gupta
    Cytokine.2021; 138: 155374.     CrossRef
  • Resistin is co-secreted with adiponectin in white mouse adipocytes
    Saliha Musovic, Man Mohan Shrestha, Ali M. Komai, Charlotta S. Olofsson
    Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications.2021; 534: 707.     CrossRef
  • Resistin: Potential biomarker and therapeutic target in atherosclerosis
    Li Zhou, Jun-Yi Li, Ping-Ping He, Xiao-Hua Yu, Chao-Ke Tang
    Clinica Chimica Acta.2021; 512: 84.     CrossRef
  • The circulating levels of CTRP1 and CTRP5 are associated with obesity indices and carotid intima-media thickness (cIMT) value in patients with type 2 diabetes: a preliminary study
    Ziba Majidi, Solaleh Emamgholipour, Abolfazl Omidifar, Soheil Rahmani Fard, Hossein Poustchi, Mehrnoosh Shanaki
    Diabetology & Metabolic Syndrome.2021;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • Corylin reduces obesity and insulin resistance and promotes adipose tissue browning through SIRT-1 and β3-AR activation
    Chin-Chuan Chen, Chen-Hsin Kuo, Yann-Lii Leu, Shu-Huei Wang
    Pharmacological Research.2021; 164: 105291.     CrossRef
  • A Focused Review of the Metabolic Side-Effects of Clozapine
    Jessica W. Y. Yuen, David D. Kim, Ric M. Procyshyn, William J. Panenka, William G. Honer, Alasdair M. Barr
    Frontiers in Endocrinology.2021;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • A Negative Energy Balance Is Associated with Metabolic Dysfunctions in the Hypothalamus of a Humanized Preclinical Model of Alzheimer’s Disease, the 5XFAD Mouse
    Antonio J. López-Gambero, Cristina Rosell-Valle, Dina Medina-Vera, Juan Antonio Navarro, Antonio Vargas, Patricia Rivera, Carlos Sanjuan, Fernando Rodríguez de Fonseca, Juan Suárez
    International Journal of Molecular Sciences.2021; 22(10): 5365.     CrossRef
  • Resistin in pregnancy: Analysis of determinants in pairs of umbilical cord blood and maternal serum
    Anne Floeck, Nina Ferrari, Christine Joisten, Maria T. Puth, Brigitte Strizek, Ramona Dolscheid-Pommerich, Ulrich Gembruch, Waltraut M. Merz
    Cytokine: X.2021; 3(2): 100052.     CrossRef
  • Is resistin the master link between inflammation and inflammation-related chronic diseases?
    Mohammed Taouis, Yacir Benomar
    Molecular and Cellular Endocrinology.2021; 533: 111341.     CrossRef
  • The dynamics of human bone marrow adipose tissue in response to feeding and fasting
    Pouneh K. Fazeli, Miriam A. Bredella, Gisela Pachon-Peña, Wenxiu Zhao, Xun Zhang, Alexander T. Faje, Megi Resulaj, Sai P. Polineni, Tara M. Holmes, Hang Lee, Elizabeth K. O’Donnell, Ormond A. MacDougald, Mark C. Horowitz, Clifford J. Rosen, Anne Klibanski
    JCI Insight.2021;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • Resistin: A journey from metabolism to cancer
    Ankita Deb, Bhavana Deshmukh, Pranay Ramteke, Firoz Khan Bhati, Manoj Kumar Bhat
    Translational Oncology.2021; 14(10): 101178.     CrossRef
  • Obesity is the basis of metabolic syndrome
    A. F. Verbovoy, N. I. Verbovaya, Yu. A. Dolgikh
    Obesity and metabolism.2021; 18(2): 142.     CrossRef
  • Human Milk Metabolic Hormones: Analytical Methods and Current Understanding
    Majed A. Suwaydi, Zoya Gridneva, Sharon L. Perrella, Mary E. Wlodek, Ching Tat Lai, Donna T. Geddes
    International Journal of Molecular Sciences.2021; 22(16): 8708.     CrossRef
  • Adipokines as Immune Cell Modulators in Multiple Sclerosis
    Merel Rijnsburger, Niek Djuric, Inge A. Mulder, Helga E. de Vries
    International Journal of Molecular Sciences.2021; 22(19): 10845.     CrossRef
  • The Role of Adipokines in Cardiovascular Pathology
    Valery Podzolkov , Anna Pokrovskaya, Ulyana Bazhanova , Tatyana Vargina , Svetlana Anatolievna Knyazeva , Daria Vanina
    Open Access Macedonian Journal of Medical Sciences.2021; 9(F): 794.     CrossRef
  • Measurement of Plasma Resistin Concentrations in Horses with Metabolic and Inflammatory Disorders
    Beatriz Fuentes-Romero, Alberto Muñoz-Prieto, José J. Cerón, María Martín-Cuervo, Manuel Iglesias-García, Escolástico Aguilera-Tejero, Elisa Díez-Castro
    Animals.2021; 12(1): 77.     CrossRef
  • EFFECT OF DIET AND EXERCISE-INDUCE WEIGHT LOSS ON LEVEL OF RESISTIN IN PATIENT WITH OBESITY
    О. I. Tokarenko, I. O. Andreieva, O. O. Tokarenko, M. M. Surmilo
    Modern medical technology.2021; (4): 11.     CrossRef
  • Alteration of gut microbiota affects expression of adiponectin and resistin through modifying DNA methylation in high-fat diet-induced obese mice
    Hongyang Yao, Chaonan Fan, Yuanyuan Lu, Xiuqin Fan, Lulu Xia, Ping Li, Rui Wang, Tiantian Tang, Yuanyuan Wang, Kemin Qi
    Genes & Nutrition.2020;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • Resistin hormone in diabetic kidney disease and its relation to iron status and hepcidin
    Zhian Sherzad Hayder, Zrar Saleem Kareem
    International Urology and Nephrology.2020; 52(4): 749.     CrossRef
  • Proteoglycans in Obesity-Associated Metabolic Dysfunction and Meta-Inflammation
    Ariane R. Pessentheiner, G. Michelle Ducasa, Philip L. S. M. Gordts
    Frontiers in Immunology.2020;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • Resistin Is Increased in Periodontal Cells and Tissues: In Vitro and In Vivo Studies
    Andressa V. B. Nogueira, Marjan Nokhbehsaim, Sema Tekin, Rafael S. de Molon, Luis C. Spolidorio, Svenja Memmert, Anna Damanaki, Andreas Jäger, Sigrun Eick, James Deschner, Joni A. Cirelli
    Mediators of Inflammation.2020; 2020: 1.     CrossRef
  • Adipose Tissue Distribution, Inflammation and Its Metabolic Consequences, Including Diabetes and Cardiovascular Disease
    Alan Chait, Laura J. den Hartigh
    Frontiers in Cardiovascular Medicine.2020;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • The possible role of endocrine dysfunction of adipose tissue in gestational diabetes mellitus
    Patrik Šimják, Kateřina Anderlová, Anna Cinkajzlová, Antonín Pařízek, Michal Kršek, Martin Haluzík
    Minerva Endocrinologica.2020;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • High Plasma Resistin Levels Portend the Insulin Resistance-Associated Susceptibility to Early Cognitive Decline in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus
    Chenchen Wang, Xi Huang, Sai Tian, Rong Huang, Dan Guo, Hongyan Lin, Jiaqi Wang, Shaohua Wang
    Journal of Alzheimer’s Disease.2020; 75(3): 807.     CrossRef
  • Resistin in metabolism, inflammation, and disease
    Deeksha Tripathi, Sashi Kant, Saurabh Pandey, Nasreen Z. Ehtesham
    The FEBS Journal.2020; 287(15): 3141.     CrossRef
  • Adipokines: New Potential Therapeutic Target for Obesity and Metabolic, Rheumatic, and Cardiovascular Diseases
    Lucia Recinella, Giustino Orlando, Claudio Ferrante, Annalisa Chiavaroli, Luigi Brunetti, Sheila Leone
    Frontiers in Physiology.2020;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • Correlation of CCL18 with Levels of Adi-pokines in the Sera of Patients with Myocardial Infarction in a 6-Month Period: Case Series
    Atefeh GamarTalepoor, Ehsan Dowlatshahi, Mehrnoush Doroudchi
    Iranian South Medical Journal.2020; 23(3): 222.     CrossRef
  • Association of RETN − 420 C/G Genotypes with CRP, Brain Edema, GCS, and GOS Among Patients with Traumatic Cerebral Hemorrhagic Contusion
    Samah Abdelrahman Hassan Ibrahim, Mohamed Abdel Rahman Arbab, Hassan Hussein Musa
    Journal of Emergency Medicine, Trauma and Acute Care .2020;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • The Mesentery, Systemic Inflammation, and Crohn’s Disease
    Edgardo D Rivera, John Calvin Coffey, Dara Walsh, Eli D Ehrenpreis
    Inflammatory Bowel Diseases.2019; 25(2): 226.     CrossRef
  • Resistin and adenylyl cyclase-associated protein 1 (CAP1) regulate the expression of genes related to insulin resistance in BNL CL.2 mouse liver cells
    Dimiter Avtanski, Karin Chen, Leonid Poretsky
    Data in Brief.2019; 25: 104112.     CrossRef
  • Proteomic profile of patients with atrial fibrillation undergoing cardiac surgery†
    Ilias P Doulamis, George Samanidis, Aspasia Tzani, Asier Antoranz, Anastasios Gkogkos, Panagiotis Konstantopoulos, Vaia Pliaka, Angeliki Minia, Leonidas G Alexopoulos, Despina N Perrea, Konstantinos Perreas
    Interactive CardioVascular and Thoracic Surgery.2019; 28(1): 94.     CrossRef
  • Angiotensin-(1-7), Adipokines and Inflammation
    Deborah de Farias Lelis, Daniela Fernanda de Freitas, Amanda Souto Machado, Thaísa Soares Crespo, Sérgio Henrique Sousa Santos
    Metabolism.2019; 95: 36.     CrossRef
  • New Insights into Adipokines as Potential Biomarkers for Type-2 Diabetes Mellitus
    Marta Olivera-Santa Catalina, Pedro C. Redondo, Maria P. Granados, Carlos Cantonero, Jose Sanchez-Collado, Letizia Albarran, Jose J. Lopez
    Current Medicinal Chemistry.2019; 26(22): 4119.     CrossRef
  • Myokine–adipokine cross-talk: potential mechanisms for the association between plasma irisin and adipokines and cardiometabolic risk factors in Mexican children with obesity and the metabolic syndrome
    Adrian M. Gonzalez-Gil, Mariana Peschard-Franco, Elena C. Castillo, Gustavo Gutierrez-DelBosque, Victor Treviño, Christian Silva-Platas, Luisa Perez-Villarreal, Gerardo Garcia-Rivas, Leticia Elizondo-Montemayor
    Diabetology & Metabolic Syndrome.2019;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • Early Life Exposures to Perfluoroalkyl Substances in Relation to Adipokine Hormone Levels at Birth and During Childhood
    Colleen Shelly, Philippe Grandjean, Youssef Oulhote, Peter Plomgaard, Ruth Frikke-Schmidt, Flemming Nielsen, Denis Zmirou-Navier, Pal Weihe, Damaskini Valvi
    The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism.2019; 104(11): 5338.     CrossRef
  • Overweight and obesity in childhood: Dietary, biochemical, inflammatory and lifestyle risk factors
    Samah R. Albataineh, Eman F. Badran, Reema F. Tayyem
    Obesity Medicine.2019; 15: 100112.     CrossRef
  • Effects of major adipokines and the −420 C > G resistin gene polymorphism on the long-term outcome of patients with acute ischemic stroke
    Stella Bouziana, Konstantinos Tziomalos, Antonis Goulas, Timoleon-Achilleas Vyzantiadis, Maria Papadopoulou, Athanasia Panderi, Apostolos Ι. Ηatzitolios
    International Journal of Neuroscience.2019; 129(10): 978.     CrossRef
  • The Complex Interactions Between Obesity, Metabolism and the Brain
    Romina María Uranga, Jeffrey Neil Keller
    Frontiers in Neuroscience.2019;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • Resistin: A reappraisal
    E. Acquarone, F. Monacelli, R. Borghi, A. Nencioni, P. Odetti
    Mechanisms of Ageing and Development.2019; 178: 46.     CrossRef
  • Implications of resistin in type 2 diabetes mellitus and coronary artery disease: Impairing insulin function and inducing pro‐inflammatory cytokines
    Melissa Emamalipour, Khaled Seidi, Ali Jahanban‐Esfahlan, Rana Jahanban‐Esfahlan
    Journal of Cellular Physiology.2019; 234(12): 21758.     CrossRef
  • Serum-based soluble markers differentiate psoriatic arthritis from osteoarthritis
    Vinod Chandran, Fatima Abji, Anthony V Perruccio, Rajiv Gandhi, Suzanne Li, Richard J Cook, Dafna D Gladman
    Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases.2019; 78(6): 796.     CrossRef
  • Telmisartan prevents diet-induced obesity and preserves leptin transport across the blood-brain barrier in high-fat diet-fed mice
    Franziska Schuster, Gianna Huber, Ines Stölting, Emily E. Wing, Kathrin Saar, Norbert Hübner, William A. Banks, Walter Raasch
    Pflügers Archiv - European Journal of Physiology.2018; 470(11): 1673.     CrossRef
  • Adipokines in human breast milk
    Juergen Kratzsch, Yoon Ju Bae, Wieland Kiess
    Best Practice & Research Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism.2018; 32(1): 27.     CrossRef
  • Addressing the Perfect Storm: Biomarkers in Obesity and Pathophysiology of Cardiometabolic Risk
    Krasimira Aleksandrova, Dariush Mozaffarian, Tobias Pischon
    Clinical Chemistry.2018; 64(1): 142.     CrossRef
  • Adipocytokine Involvement in Innate Immune Mechanisms
    Paulina Żelechowska, Elżbieta Kozłowska, Joanna Pastwińska, Justyna Agier, Ewa Brzezińska-Błaszczyk
    Journal of Interferon & Cytokine Research.2018; 38(12): 527.     CrossRef
  • The effect of a garlic supplement on the pro-inflammatory adipocytokines, resistin and tumor necrosis factor-alpha, and on pain severity, in overweight or obese women with knee osteoarthritis
    Sahar Dehghani, Elham Alipoor, Ahmad Salimzadeh, Mehdi Yaseri, Mostafa Hosseini, Christine Feinle-Bisset, Mohammad Javad Hosseinzadeh-Attar
    Phytomedicine.2018; 48: 70.     CrossRef
  • Perivascular adipose tissue (PVAT) in atherosclerosis: a double-edged sword
    Xiao-Yan Qi, Shun-Lin Qu, Wen-Hao Xiong, Oren Rom, Lin Chang, Zhi-Sheng Jiang
    Cardiovascular Diabetology.2018;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • Usefulness of the Adipokines as Biomarkers of Ischemic Cardiac Dysfunction
    Larisa-Diana Mocan Hognogi, Cerasela-Mihaela Goidescu, Anca-Daniela Farcaş
    Disease Markers.2018; 2018: 1.     CrossRef
  • Circulating fibroblast growth factor 21 in patients with liver cirrhosis
    Sabrina Krautbauer, Lisa Rein-Fischboeck, Elisabeth M Haberl, Rebekka Pohl, Reiner Wiest, Christa Buechler
    Clinical and Experimental Medicine.2018; 18(1): 63.     CrossRef
  • Association of Cord Blood Resistin with Neonatal Birth Weight and Gestational Age
    Shahnaz Pourarian, Saeed Fotouhikia, Forough Saki
    Journal of Comprehensive Pediatrics.2018;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • Major Adipokines and the −420C>G Resistin Gene Polymorphism as Predictors of Acute Ischemic Stroke Severity and In-Hospital Outcome
    Styliani D. Bouziana, Konstantinos Tziomalos, Antonios Goulas, Timoleon-Achilleas Vyzantiadis, Athanasia Panderi, Apostolos Ι. Ηatzitolios
    Journal of Stroke and Cerebrovascular Diseases.2018; 27(4): 963.     CrossRef
  • Resistin and NGAL are associated with inflammatory response, endothelial activation and clinical outcomes in sepsis
    Stephen P. J. Macdonald, Erika Bosio, Claire Neil, Glenn Arendts, Sally Burrows, Lisa Smart, Simon G. A. Brown, Daniel M. Fatovich
    Inflammation Research.2017; 66(7): 611.     CrossRef
  • Reference values for fasting serum resistin in healthy children and adolescents
    Ulrik Lausten-Thomsen, Michael Christiansen, Paula Louise Hedley, Tenna Ruest Haarmark Nielsen, Cilius Esmann Fonvig, Oluf Pedersen, Torben Hansen, Jens-Christian Holm
    Clinica Chimica Acta.2017; 469: 161.     CrossRef
  • Sarcopenic obesity or obese sarcopenia: A cross talk between age-associated adipose tissue and skeletal muscle inflammation as a main mechanism of the pathogenesis
    Alexander Kalinkovich, Gregory Livshits
    Ageing Research Reviews.2017; 35: 200.     CrossRef
  • Is There Any Relationship between Plasma 25-Hydroxyvitamin D3, Adipokine Profiles and Excessive Body Weight in Type 2 Diabetic Patients?
    Joanna Kocot, Piotr Dziemidok, Małgorzata Kiełczykowska, Jacek Kurzepa, Grzegorz Szcześniak, Irena Musik
    International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health.2017; 15(1): 19.     CrossRef
  • Exogenous Adipokine Peptide Resistin Protects Against Focal Cerebral Ischemia/Reperfusion Injury in Mice
    Jiangtao Zhu, Di Wu, Chenyu Zhao, Man Luo, Ronald C. Hamdy, Balvin H. L. Chua, Xingshun Xu, Zhigang Miao
    Neurochemical Research.2017; 42(10): 2949.     CrossRef
  • Adipokines in Liver Cirrhosis
    Christa Buechler, Elisabeth Haberl, Lisa Rein-Fischboeck, Charalampos Aslanidis
    International Journal of Molecular Sciences.2017; 18(7): 1392.     CrossRef
  • The role of sex steroids in white adipose tissue adipocyte function
    A E Newell-Fugate
    Reproduction.2017; 153(4): R133.     CrossRef
  • Odanacatib Inhibits Resistin-induced Cardiomyocyte Hypertrophy Through the Inactivation of ERK Signaling Pathway
    Xian Zheng, Guanchang Cheng, Jianwei Luo, Qunhui Ye, Yongzhi Deng, Lin Wu
    International Journal of Pharmacology.2017; 13(2): 212.     CrossRef
  • Linking resistin, inflammation, and cardiometabolic diseases
    Hyeong Kyu Park, Mi Kyung Kwak, Hye Jeong Kim, Rexford S. Ahima
    The Korean Journal of Internal Medicine.2017; 32(2): 239.     CrossRef
  • Translating the biology of adipokines in atherosclerosis and cardiovascular diseases: Gaps and open questions
    M. Ruscica, A. Baragetti, A.L. Catapano, G.D. Norata
    Nutrition, Metabolism and Cardiovascular Diseases.2017; 27(5): 379.     CrossRef
  • Differences in Mean Levels of Maternal Resistin Serum between Early Onset Preeclampsia (EOPE) and Late Onset Preeclampsia (LOPE)
    Yusrawati ., P. Alfajra, R. Machmud
    Research Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology.2016; 10(1): 1.     CrossRef
  • Secret talk between adipose tissue and central nervous system via secreted factors—an emerging frontier in the neurodegenerative research
    Avinash Parimisetty, Anne-Claire Dorsemans, Rana Awada, Palaniyandi Ravanan, Nicolas Diotel, Christian Lefebvre d’Hellencourt
    Journal of Neuroinflammation.2016;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • The role of adipokines in ischemic stroke risk stratification
    Styliani Bouziana, Konstantinos Tziomalos, Antonios Goulas, Apostolos Ι Ηatzitolios
    International Journal of Stroke.2016; 11(4): 389.     CrossRef
  • The endocrine function of human placenta: an overview
    Mariana A. Costa
    Reproductive BioMedicine Online.2016; 32(1): 14.     CrossRef
  • Ursolic acid plays a protective role in obesity-induced cardiovascular diseases
    Yu-Ting Lin, Ya-Mei Yu, Weng-Cheng Chang, Su-Yin Chiang, Hsu-Chin Chan, Ming-Fen Lee
    Canadian Journal of Physiology and Pharmacology.2016; 94(6): 627.     CrossRef
  • Determinants of body weight regulation in humans
    Milene Moehlecke, Luis Henrique Canani, Lucas Oliveira Junqueira e Silva, Manoel Roberto Maciel Trindade, Rogerio Friedman, Cristiane Bauermann Leitão
    Archives of Endocrinology and Metabolism.2016; 60(2): 152.     CrossRef
  • Sitagliptin decreases ventricular arrhythmias by attenuated glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide (GIP)-dependent resistin signalling in infarcted rats
    Tsung-Ming Lee, Wei-Ting Chen, Nen-Chung Chang
    Bioscience Reports.2016;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • Les adipokines : état des lieux et nouveautés
    J.-P. Bastard, C. Bastard, S. Fellahi, C. Vatier, J. Capeau, B. Fève
    Obésité.2016; 11(3): 181.     CrossRef
  • Factors that promote macrophage homing to adipose tissue in metabolic syndrome
    Ishwarlal Jialal, Beverley Adams-Huet, Sridevi Devaraj
    Journal of Diabetes and its Complications.2016; 30(8): 1434.     CrossRef
  • Uncovering Factors Related to Pancreatic Beta-Cell Function
    Aoife M. Curran, Miriam F. Ryan, Elaine Drummond, Eileen R. Gibney, Michael J. Gibney, Helen M. Roche, Lorraine Brennan, Nigel Irwin
    PLOS ONE.2016; 11(8): e0161350.     CrossRef
  • Resistin’s, obesity and insulin resistance: the continuing disconnect between rodents and humans
    X. Huang, Z. Yang
    Journal of Endocrinological Investigation.2016; 39(6): 607.     CrossRef
  • Adipocytokines in renal transplant recipients
    Kristof Nagy, Shankar Prasad Nagaraju, Connie M. Rhee, Zoltan Mathe, Miklos Z. Molnar
    Clinical Kidney Journal.2016; 9(3): 359.     CrossRef
  • Endocrine alterations from concentric vs. eccentric muscle actions: A brief review
    Robert R. Kraemer, V. Daniel Castracane
    Metabolism.2015; 64(2): 190.     CrossRef
  • Non-traditional cytokines: How catecholamines and adipokines influence macrophages in immunity, metabolism and the central nervous system
    Mark A. Barnes, Monica J. Carson, Meera G. Nair
    Cytokine.2015; 72(2): 210.     CrossRef
  • Local and serum levels of adipokines in patients with obesity after periodontal therapy: one‐year follow‐up
    Tiago Eduardo Dias Gonçalves, Glaucia Santos Zimmermann, Luciene Cristina Figueiredo, Monique de Carvalho Souza, Daniele Ferreira da Cruz, Marta Ferreira Bastos, Hélio Doyle Pereira da Silva, Poliana Mendes Duarte
    Journal of Clinical Periodontology.2015; 42(5): 431.     CrossRef
  • Newborn Adipokines and Birth Outcomes
    Edwina H. Yeung, Alexander C. McLain, Nancy Anderson, David Lawrence, Nansi S. Boghossian, Charlotte Druschel, Erin Bell
    Paediatric and Perinatal Epidemiology.2015; 29(4): 317.     CrossRef
  • The effect of a preparation of minerals, vitamins and trace elements on the cardiac gene expression pattern in male diabetic rats
    Márta Sárközy, Gergő Szűcs, Márton Pipicz, Ágnes Zvara, Katalin Éder, Veronika Fekete, Csilla Szűcs, Judit Bárkányi, Csaba Csonka, László G. Puskás, Csaba Kónya, Péter Ferdinandy, Tamás Csont
    Cardiovascular Diabetology.2015;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • Diet-induced variability of the resistin gene (Retn) transcript level and methylation profile in rats
    Joanna Nowacka-Woszuk, Ewa Pruszynska-Oszmalek, Maciej Szydlowski, Slawomir Sadkowski, Izabela Szczerbal
    BMC Genetics.2015;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • INFLUENCE OF RESISTIN ON THE COURSE OF ISCHEMIC HEART DISEASE IN PATIENTS WITH TYPE 2 DIABETES MELLITUS
    A. T. Teplyakov, Sh. D. Akhmedov, T. Ye. Suslova, А. V. Andriyanova, A. V. Kuznetsova, N. V. Protopopova, V. V. Kalyuzhin, O. N. Nasanova
    Bulletin of Siberian Medicine.2015; 14(5): 73.     CrossRef
  • The Effects of a Single Developmentally Entrained Pulse of Testosterone in Female Neonatal Mice on Reproductive and Metabolic Functions in Adult Life
    Hyeran Jang, Shalender Bhasin, Tyler Guarneri, Carlo Serra, Mary Schneider, Mi-Jeong Lee, Wen Guo, Susan K. Fried, Karol Pencina, Ravi Jasuja
    Endocrinology.2015; 156(10): 3737.     CrossRef
  • The Resin fromProtium heptaphyllumPrevents High-Fat Diet-Induced Obesity in Mice: Scientific Evidence and Potential Mechanisms
    Karine Maria Martins Bezerra Carvalho, José Delano Barreto Marinho Filho, Tiago Sousa de Melo, Ana Jérsia Araújo, Josiane da Silva Quetz, Maria do Perpétuo Socorro Saldanha da Cunha, Karina Moura de Melo, Armenio Andre de Carvalho Almeida da Silva, Adrian
    Evidence-Based Complementary and Alternative Medicine.2015; 2015: 1.     CrossRef
  • Evolution of the Vertebrate Resistin Gene Family
    Qingda Hu, Huanran Tan, David M. Irwin, Marc Robinson-Rechavi
    PLOS ONE.2015; 10(6): e0130188.     CrossRef
  • Obesity, adipokines and neuroinflammation
    Argel Aguilar-Valles, Wataru Inoue, Christoph Rummel, Giamal N. Luheshi
    Neuropharmacology.2015; 96: 124.     CrossRef
  • Adipokines at the crossroad between obesity and cardiovascular disease
    Filippo Molica, Sandrine Morel, Brenda Kwak, Françoise Rohner-Jeanrenaud, Sabine Steffens
    Thrombosis and Haemostasis.2015; 113(03): 553.     CrossRef
  • Resistin – 420 C/G polymorphism and serum resistin level in Iranian patients with gestational diabetes mellitus
    Mohammad Ali Takhshid, Zinab Zare
    Journal of Diabetes & Metabolic Disorders.2015;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • Ictal adipokines are associated with pain severity and treatment response in episodic migraine
    Nu Cindy Chai, Bizu Gelaye, Gretchen E. Tietjen, Paul D. Dash, Barbara A. Gower, Linda W. White, Thomas N. Ward, Ann I. Scher, B. Lee Peterlin
    Neurology.2015; 84(14): 1409.     CrossRef
  • Inflammation and insulin/IGF-1 resistance as the possible link between obesity and neurodegeneration
    Lindsay J. Spielman, Jonathan P. Little, Andis Klegeris
    Journal of Neuroimmunology.2014; 273(1-2): 8.     CrossRef
  • Wild Blueberries (Vaccinium myrtillus) Alleviate Inflammation and Hypertension Associated with Developing Obesity in Mice Fed with a High-Fat Diet
    Otto T. Mykkänen, Anne Huotari, Karl-Heinz Herzig, Thomas W. Dunlop, Hannu Mykkänen, Pirkka V. Kirjavainen, Michael Müller
    PLoS ONE.2014; 9(12): e114790.     CrossRef
  • Role of fat and adipokines in intestinal inflammation
    LeaI Kredel, Arvind Batra, Britta Siegmund
    Current Opinion in Gastroenterology.2014; 30(6): 559.     CrossRef
  • 13C metabolic flux analysis shows that resistin impairs the metabolic response to insulin in L6E9 myotubes
    Shirley Guzmán, Silvia Marin, Anibal Miranda, Vitaly A Selivanov, Josep J Centelles, Romain Harmancey, Fatima Smih, Annie Turkieh, Yves Durocher, Antonio Zorzano, Philippe Rouet, Marta Cascante
    BMC Systems Biology.2014;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • Bee Pollen Improves Muscle Protein and Energy Metabolism in Malnourished Old Rats through Interfering with the Mtor Signaling Pathway and Mitochondrial Activity
    Jérôme Salles, Nicolas Cardinault, Véronique Patrac, Alexandre Berry, Christophe Giraudet, Marie-Laure Collin, Audrey Chanet, Camille Tagliaferri, Philippe Denis, Corinne Pouyet, Yves Boirie, Stéphane Walrand
    Nutrients.2014; 6(12): 5500.     CrossRef
Original Articles
Risk Factors for the Progression of Intima-Media Thickness of Carotid Arteries: A 2-Year Follow-Up Study in Patients with Newly Diagnosed Type 2 Diabetes
Sang Ouk Chin, Jin Kyung Hwang, Sang Youl Rhee, Suk Chon, You-Cheol Hwang, Seungjoon Oh, Kyu Jeung Ahn, Ho Yeon Chung, Jeong-taek Woo, Sung-Woon Kim, Young Seol Kim, Ja-Heon Kang, In-Kyung Jeong
Diabetes Metab J. 2013;37(5):365-374.   Published online October 17, 2013
DOI: https://doi.org/10.4093/dmj.2013.37.5.365
  • 8,639 View
  • 57 Download
  • 6 Crossref
AbstractAbstract PDFSupplementary MaterialPubReader   ePub   
Background

Intima-media thickness (IMT) of the carotid arteries is known to have a positive correlation with the risk of cardiovascular disease. This study was designed to identify risk factors affecting the progression of carotid IMT in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM).

Methods

Patients with newly diagnosed T2DM with carotid IMT measurements were enrolled, and their clinical data and carotid IMT results at baseline and 2 years later were compared.

Results

Of the 171 patients, 67.2% of males and 50.8% of females had abnormal baseline IMT of the left common carotid artery. At baseline, systolic blood pressure, body mass index and smoking in male participants, and fasting plasma glucose and glycated hemoglobin levels in females were significantly higher in patients with abnormal IMT than in those with normal IMT. Low density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) levels in males and high density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) levels in females at the 2-year follow-up were significantly different between the nonprogression and the progression groups. Reduction of the United Kingdom Prospective Diabetes Study (UKPDS) 10-year coronary heart disease (CHD) risk score after 2 years was generally higher in the nonprogression group than the progression group.

Conclusion

LDL-C levels in males and HDL-C levels in females at the 2-year follow-up were significantly different between participants with and without progression of carotid IMT. Furthermore, a reduction in the UKPDS 10-year CHD risk score appeared to delay the advancement of atherosclerosis. Therefore, the importance of establishing the therapeutic goal of lipid profiles should be emphasized to prevent the progression of carotid IMT in newly diagnosed T2DM patients.

Citations

Citations to this article as recorded by  
  • Comparison of the Effectiveness of Low Carbohydrate Versus Low Fat Diets, in Type 2 Diabetes: Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials
    Tanefa A. Apekey, Maria J. Maynard, Monia Kittana, Setor K. Kunutsor
    Nutrients.2022; 14(20): 4391.     CrossRef
  • Nomogram Based on Risk Factors for Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Patients with Coronary Heart Disease


    Rong Shi, Birong Wu, Zheyun Niu, Hui Sun, Fan Hu
    Diabetes, Metabolic Syndrome and Obesity: Targets and Therapy.2020; Volume 13: 5025.     CrossRef
  • HMGA1 Mediated High-Glucose-Induced Vascular Smooth Muscle Cell Proliferation in Diabetes Mellitus: Association Between PI3K/Akt Signaling and HMGA1 Expression
    Qinghai Zhang, Ling Chen, Zhibo Zhao, Ying Wu, Jing Zhong, Gebo Wen, Renxian Cao, Xuyu Zu, Jianghua Liu
    DNA and Cell Biology.2018; 37(4): 389.     CrossRef
  • Relationship between frequency of hypoglycemic episodes and changes in carotid atherosclerosis in insulin-treated patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus
    Tomoya Mita, Naoto Katakami, Toshihiko Shiraiwa, Hidenori Yoshii, Nobuichi Kuribayashi, Takeshi Osonoi, Hideaki Kaneto, Keisuke Kosugi, Yutaka Umayahara, Masahiko Gosho, Iichiro Shimomura, Hirotaka Watada
    Scientific Reports.2017;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • Impact of carotid atherosclerosis detection on physician and patient behavior in the management of type 2 diabetes mellitus: a prospective, observational, multicenter study
    In-Kyung Jeong, Sin-Gon Kim, Dong Hyeok Cho, Chong Hwa Kim, Chul Sik Kim, Won-Young Lee, Kyu-Chang Won, Doo-Man Kim
    BMC Cardiovascular Disorders.2016;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • The effect of fibroblast growth factors and advanced glycation end-products on the intima-media complex thickness in patients with coronary heart disease and type 2 diabetes
    Ekaterina Vladimirovna Ivannikova, Victor Yurievich Kalashnikov, Olga Mikhailovna Smirnova, Alexander Borisovich Kuznetsov, Сергей Anatolievich Terekhin, Alexander Viktorovich Il'in
    Diabetes mellitus.2014; 17(2): 47.     CrossRef
Cardiovascular Risk Assessment with Vascular Function, Carotid Atherosclerosis and the UKPDS Risk Engine in Korean Patients with Newly Diagnosed Type 2 Diabetes
Choon Sik Seon, Kyung Wan Min, Seung Yup Lee, Kyoung Woo Nho, Se Hwan Park, Bo Kyung Koo, Kyung Ah Han
Diabetes Metab J. 2011;35(6):619-627.   Published online December 26, 2011
DOI: https://doi.org/10.4093/dmj.2011.35.6.619
  • 6,662 View
  • 41 Download
  • 11 Crossref
AbstractAbstract PDFPubReader   ePub   
Background

Patients with type 2 diabetes have an increased risk of cardiovascular disease. Few studies have evaluated the cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk simultaneously using the United Kingdom Prospective Diabetes Study (UKPDS) risk engine and non-invasive vascular tests in patients with newly diagnosed type 2 diabetes.

Methods

Participants (n=380; aged 20 to 81 years) with newly diagnosed type 2 diabetes were free of clinical evidence of CVD. The 10-year coronary heart disease (CHD) and stroke risks were calculated for each patient using the UKPDS risk engine. Carotid intima media thickness (CIMT), flow mediated dilation (FMD), pulse wave velocity (PWV) and augmentation index (AI) were measured. The correlations between the UKPDS risk engine and the non-invasive vascular tests were assessed using partial correlation analysis, after adjusting for age, and multiple regression analysis.

Results

The mean 10-year CHD and 10-year stroke risks were 14.92±11.53% and 4.03±3.95%, respectively. The 10-year CHD risk correlated with CIMT (P<0.001), FMD (P=0.017), and PWV (P=0.35) after adjusting for age. The 10-year stroke risk correlated only with the mean CIMT (P<0.001) after adjusting for age. FMD correlated with age (P<0.01) and systolic blood pressure (P=0.09). CIMT correlated with age (P<0.01), HbA1c (P=0.05), and gender (P<0.01).

Conclusion

The CVD risk is increased at the onset of type 2 diabetes. CIMT, FMD, and PWV along with the UKPDS risk engine should be considered to evaluate cardiovascular disease risk in patients with newly diagnosed type 2 diabetes.

Citations

Citations to this article as recorded by  
  • Stronger associations of the phase angle than the TyG index with micro- and macrovascular complications in patients with type 2 diabetes
    Ling Liu, Yunqiang He, Yan Wang, Juming Tao, Jiachen Wang, Fangzhou Lu, Qi Fu, Tao Yang, Jingyang Gao, Shuai Zheng
    Lipids in Health and Disease.2025;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • Association of cardiovascular risk estimate with degree of atherosclerosis in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus
    Mashkura Riyazuddeen, AliHasan Faiz Karnam, L Gopinath, Nayyar Iqbal
    Journal of Current Research in Scientific Medicine.2019; 5(2): 94.     CrossRef
  • Carotid atherosclerosis and its relationship to coronary heart disease and stroke risk in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus
    Yan Wu, Jie He, Xue Sun, Yi-Ming Zhao, Han-Yu Lou, Xiao-li Ji, Xiao-Hong Pang, Li-Zhen Shan, Ying-Xiu Kang, Jun Xu, Song-Zhao Zhang, Yong-Jian Wang, Yue-Zhong Ren, Peng-Fei Shan
    Medicine.2017; 96(39): e8151.     CrossRef
  • Diabetes Associated to Atherosclerosis Risk Factors in Patients of Family Health Unity
    Polyane Medeiros Alves, Raiane dos Santos Pereira, Ariel Gustavo Letti, Álvaro Luís Müller da Fonseca
    Open Journal of Preventive Medicine.2015; 05(04): 177.     CrossRef
  • Independent Association of Circulating Level of Chemerin With Functional and Early Morphological Vascular Changes in Newly Diagnosed Type 2 Diabetic Patients
    Bin Lu, Ming Zhao, Weimin Jiang, Jian Ma, Cuihua Yang, Jiaqing Shao, Ping Gu
    Medicine.2015; 94(47): e1990.     CrossRef
  • Assessment of Cardiovascular Risk in Adults With Type 2 Diabetes and Metabolic Syndrome
    Chun-Ja Kim, Hee Sun Kang, Elizabeth A. Schlenk, Sun-Mi Chae
    The Diabetes Educator.2015; 41(2): 203.     CrossRef
  • Urinary adiponectin concentration is positively associated with micro- and macro-vascular complications
    Won Seon Jeon, Ji Woo Park, Namseok Lee, Se Eun Park, Eun Jung Rhee, Won Young Lee, Ki Won Oh, Sung Woo Park, Cheol-Young Park, Byung-Soo Youn
    Cardiovascular Diabetology.2013;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • Development and a Pilot Test of an Internet-Based Cardiovascular Risk Reduction Program for Korean Male Workers With Metabolic Syndrome
    CHUN-JA KIM, SEWON KANG
    CIN: Computers, Informatics, Nursing.2013; 31(4): 157.     CrossRef
  • Risk Factors for the Progression of Intima-Media Thickness of Carotid Arteries: A 2-Year Follow-Up Study in Patients with Newly Diagnosed Type 2 Diabetes
    Sang Ouk Chin, Jin Kyung Hwang, Sang Youl Rhee, Suk Chon, You-Cheol Hwang, Seungjoon Oh, Kyu Jeung Ahn, Ho Yeon Chung, Jeong-taek Woo, Sung-Woon Kim, Young Seol Kim, Ja-Heon Kang, In-Kyung Jeong
    Diabetes & Metabolism Journal.2013; 37(5): 365.     CrossRef
  • Epicardial adipose tissue thickness is an indicator for coronary artery stenosis in asymptomatic type 2 diabetic patients: its assessment by cardiac magnetic resonance
    Hyun Kim, Kwang Kim, Hye-Jeong Lee, Hee Yu, Jae Moon, Eun Kang, Bong Cha, Hyun Lee, Byung-Wan Lee, Young Kim
    Cardiovascular Diabetology.2012; 11(1): 83.     CrossRef
  • Potential association between coronary artery disease and the inflammatory biomarker YKL-40 in asymptomatic patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus
    Hyun Min Kim, Byung-Wan Lee, Young-Mi Song, Won Jin Kim, Hyuk-Jae Chang, Dong-Hoon Choi, Hee Tae Yu, EunSeok Kang, Bong Soo Cha, Hyun Chul Lee
    Cardiovascular Diabetology.2012;[Epub]     CrossRef
Carotid Intimal-Medial Thickness Is Not Increased in Women with Previous Gestational Diabetes Mellitus
Yun Hyi Ku, Sung Hee Choi, Soo Lim, Young Min Cho, Young Joo Park, Kyong Soo Park, Seong Yeon Kim, Hak Chul Jang
Diabetes Metab J. 2011;35(5):497-503.   Published online October 31, 2011
DOI: https://doi.org/10.4093/dmj.2011.35.5.497
  • 6,238 View
  • 47 Download
  • 10 Crossref
AbstractAbstract PDFPubReader   ePub   
Background

Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) is known to increase the risk of cardiovascular diseases. Measuring the carotid artery intimal-medial thickness (CIMT) is a non-invasive technique used to evaluate early atherosclerosis and to predict future cardiovascular diseases. We examined the association between CIMT and cardiovascular risk factors in young Korean women with previous GDM.

Methods

One hundred one women with previous GDM and 19 women who had normal pregnancies (NP) were recruited between 1999 and 2002. At one year postpartum, CIMT was measured using high-resolution B-mode ultrasonography, and oral glucose tolerance tests were performed. Fasting glucose, glycated hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c), insulin levels and lipid profiles were also measured. CIMTs in the GDM and NP groups were compared, and the associations between CIMT and cardiovascular risk factors were analyzed in the GDM group.

Results

CIMT results of the GDM group were not significantly different from those of the NP group (GDM, 0.435±0.054 mm; NP, 0.460±0.046 mm; P=0.069). In the GDM group, a higher HbA1c was associated with an increase in CIMT after age adjustment (P=0.011). CIMT results in the group with HbA1c >6.0% were higher than those of the normal HbA1c (HbA1c ≤6.0%) (P=0.010). Nine of the patients who are type 2 diabetes mellitus converters within one year postpartum but showed no significant difference in CIMT results compared to NP group.

Conclusion

Higher HbA1c is associated with an increase in CIMT in women with previous GDM. However, CIMT at one year postpartum was not increased in these women compared to that in NP women.

Citations

Citations to this article as recorded by  
  • Women with a history of gestational diabetes mellitus present an accumulation of cardiovascular risk factors at age 46—A birth cohort study
    Evi Bakiris, Kaisu Luiro, Jari Jokelainen, Laure Morin‐Papunen, Sirkka Keinänen‐Kiukaanniemi, Kari Kaikkonen, Terhi Piltonen, Juha S. Tapanainen, Juha Auvinen
    Acta Obstetricia et Gynecologica Scandinavica.2024; 103(7): 1318.     CrossRef
  • The effect of gestational diabetes mellitus on carotid artery intima-media thickness in and after pregnancy: a systematic review and meta-analysis
    Andrea Sonaglioni, Elisabetta Piergallini, Angelo Naselli, Gian Luigi Nicolosi, Anna Ferrulli, Stefano Bianchi, Michele Lombardo, Giuseppe Ambrosio
    Acta Diabetologica.2023; 61(2): 139.     CrossRef
  • Prognostic indicators of persistent carotid intima-media thickness increase in postpartum period in a population of normotensive women with gestational diabetes mellitus
    Andrea Sonaglioni, Gian Luigi Nicolosi, Valentina Esposito, Stefano Bianchi, Michele Lombardo
    European Journal of Obstetrics & Gynecology and Reproductive Biology.2022; 269: 47.     CrossRef
  • Pharmacotherapy for gestational diabetes
    Angelo Maria Patti, Rosaria Vincenza Giglio, Kalliopi Pafili, Manfredi Rizzo, Nikolaos Papanas
    Expert Opinion on Pharmacotherapy.2018; 19(13): 1407.     CrossRef
  • Women with a history of gestational diabetes on long-term follow up have normal vascular function despite more dysglycemia, dyslipidemia and adiposity
    Olubukola Ajala, Louise A. Jensen, Edmond Ryan, Constance Chik
    Diabetes Research and Clinical Practice.2015; 110(3): 309.     CrossRef
  • Gestational Diabetes Mellitus in Korean Women: Similarities and Differences from Other Racial/Ethnic Groups
    Catherine Kim
    Diabetes & Metabolism Journal.2014; 38(1): 1.     CrossRef
  • History of Gestational Diabetes Mellitus and Future Risk of Atherosclerosis in Mid‐life: The Coronary Artery Risk Development in Young Adults Study
    Erica P. Gunderson, Vicky Chiang, Mark J. Pletcher, David R. Jacobs, Charles P. Quesenberry, Stephen Sidney, Cora E. Lewis
    Journal of the American Heart Association.2014;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • Association of Gestational Diabetes Mellitus (GDM) with subclinical atherosclerosis: a systemic review and meta-analysis
    Jing-Wei Li, Si-Yi He, Peng Liu, Lin Luo, Liang Zhao, Ying-Bin Xiao
    BMC Cardiovascular Disorders.2014;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • Cardiovascular Disease Risk in the Offspring of Diabetic Women: The Impact of the Intrauterine Environment
    Laura J. Marco, Kate McCloskey, Peter J. Vuillermin, David Burgner, Joanne Said, Anne-Louise Ponsonby
    Experimental Diabetes Research.2012; 2012: 1.     CrossRef
  • The Association between Carotid Atherosclerosis and Glucose
    Bo Kyung Koo
    Diabetes & Metabolism Journal.2011; 35(5): 466.     CrossRef
Basal C-peptide Level as a Surrogate Marker of Subclinical Atherosclerosis in Type 2 Diabetic Patients
Sung-Tae Kim, Byung-Joon Kim, Dong-Mee Lim, In-Geol Song, Jang-Han Jung, Kang-Woo Lee, Keun-Young Park, Youn-Zoo Cho, Dae-Ho Lee, Gwan-Pyo Koh
Diabetes Metab J. 2011;35(1):41-49.   Published online February 28, 2011
DOI: https://doi.org/10.4093/dmj.2011.35.1.41
  • 7,287 View
  • 41 Download
  • 25 Crossref
AbstractAbstract PDFPubReader   ePub   
Background

Recent studies have revealed that C-peptide induces smooth muscle cell proliferation and causes human atherosclerotic lesions in diabetic patients. The present study was designed to examine whether the basal C-peptide levels correlate with cardiovascular risk in type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) patients.

Methods

Data was obtained from 467 patients with T2DM from two institutions who were followed for four years. The medical findings of all patients were reviewed, and patients with creatinine >1.4 mg/dL, any inflammation or infection, hepatitis, or type 1 DM were excluded. The relationships between basal C-peptide and other clinical values were statistically analyzed.

Results

A simple correlation was found between basal C-peptide and components of metabolic syndrome (MS). Statistically basal C-peptide levels were significantly higher than the three different MS criteria used in the present study, the Adult Treatment Panel III (ATP III) of the National Cholesterol Education Program's (NCEP's), World Health Organization (WHO), and the International Diabetes Federation (IDF) criteria (NCEP-ATP III, P=0.001; IDF, P<0.001; WHO, P=0.029). The multiple regression analysis between intima-media thickness (IMT) and clinical values showed that basal C-peptide significantly correlated with IMT (P=0.043), while the analysis between the 10-year coronary heart disease risk by the United Kingdom Prospective Diabetes Study risk engine and clinical values showed that basal C-peptide did not correlate with IMT (P=0.226).

Conclusion

Basal C-peptide is related to cardiovascular predictors (IMT) of T2DM, suggesting that basal C-peptide does provide a further indication of cardiovascular disease.

Citations

Citations to this article as recorded by  
  • C-peptide in polycystic ovary syndrome
    Faezeh Mahd Gharebagh, Sana Najafi, Asra Zeinalpour, Rozhina Sadat Pirouzmand, Hojat Ghasemnejad-Berenji, Mortaza Taheri-Anganeh
    Clinica Chimica Acta.2026; 582: 120829.     CrossRef
  • C-peptide and epicardial adipose tissue in dialysis-dependent chronic kidney disease patients
    Luis D’Marco, Ana Checa-Ros, Antonella Locascio, Owahabanun Joshua Okojie, Iris Viejo, Valmore Bermúdez, Cristina Karohl, Paolo Raggi
    Frontiers in Medicine.2025;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • Impact of Fat Distribution and Metabolic Diseases on Cerebral Microcirculation: A Multimodal Study on Type 2 Diabetic and Obese Patients
    Regina Esze, László Balkay, Sándor Barna, Lilla Szatmáriné Egeresi, Miklós Emri, Dénes Páll, György Paragh, Liliána Rajnai, Sándor Somodi, Zita Képes, Ildikó Garai, Miklós Káplár
    Journal of Clinical Medicine.2024; 13(10): 2900.     CrossRef
  • Effectiveness and Safety of Metformin, Teneligliptin, and Glimepiride Combination Therapy in Type 2 Diabetes: A Quasi Experimental Clinical Trial
    Rajesh Kumar Manchi, Santenna Chenchula, Manchi Haritha
    Current Diabetes Reviews.2024;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • The Correlation Between C-Peptide and Severity of Peripheral Atherosclerosis in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus
    Maisa A Wahab, Alshaymaa Alhabibi, Ahmed Khairy Sakr, Mohamed Yahia Zakaria, Ola I Saleh, Inass Hassan Ahmad, Eman Abdelrahman, Randa Taha, Fayka Karem Abdel Azeem Ahmed, Bothayna Ismail, Lamiaa Hosney Azel, Asmaa S Hassan, Hanaa Mohammed Eid El Sayed, Sa
    Diabetes, Metabolic Syndrome and Obesity.2023; Volume 16: 2617.     CrossRef
  • Blood C‐peptide concentration as a proxy marker of cardiovascular disease: An observational cross‐sectional study
    Laurinda Adusu‐Donkor, Emmanuel Kwaku Ofori, Fleischer C. N. Kotey, Francis Kwaku Dogodzi, Wormenor Dziedzorm, Alfred Buabeng, Segla Kwame Bernard, Seth K. Amponsah, Henry Asare‐Anane
    Health Science Reports.2023;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • The impact of insulin induced lipohypertrophy on carotid intima-media thickness in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus
    Cem Onur Kirac, Vehbi Sirikci, Huseyin Avni Findikli
    Medicine.2023; 102(39): e34696.     CrossRef
  • Effects of Serum C‐Peptide Level on Blood Lipid and Cardiovascular and Cerebrovascular Injury in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: A Meta‐Analysis
    Juan Qin, Rongli Sun, Ding Ding, Yuvaraja Teekaraman
    Contrast Media & Molecular Imaging.2022;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • Correlation between serum C-peptide-releasing effects and the risk of elevated uric acid in type 2 diabetes mellitus
    Yanyan Liu, Xue Zhao, Zequn Yang, Shurui Wang, Cong Han, Huijuan Zhang
    Endocrine Journal.2022; 69(7): 773.     CrossRef
  • Human C-peptide is a ligand of the elastin-receptor-complex and therewith central to human vascular remodelling and disease in metabolic syndrome
    Gert Wensvoort
    Medical Hypotheses.2022; 168: 110964.     CrossRef
  • Influence of blood glucose fluctuation, C-peptide level and conventional risk factors on carotid artery intima–media thickness in Chinese Han patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus
    Min Liu, Li Ao, Xinyu Hu, Jianning Ma, Kena Bao, Ye Gu, Jing Zhao, Weiping Huang
    European Journal of Medical Research.2019;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • Serum C peptide and carotid intima-medial thickness are independent markers of glucose intolerance among patients with ischemic cerebrovascular stroke
    Nearmeen M. Rashad, Ghada M. Samir, Hanan M. Sabry, Nesreen M. Mohy, Shereen M. El Shabrawy
    The Egyptian Journal of Internal Medicine.2019; 31(3): 368.     CrossRef
  • Biomarker potential of C-peptide for screening of insulin resistance in diabetic and non-diabetic individuals
    Haseeb A. Khan, Samia H. Sobki, Aishah Ekhzaimy, Isra Khan, Mona A. Almusawi
    Saudi Journal of Biological Sciences.2018; 25(8): 1729.     CrossRef
  • SERUM C-PEPTIDE LEVEL IN OBESE AND NON-OBESE PATIENTS WITH TYPE 2 DIABETES MELLITUS
    Shamha Beegum Mariyam, Saboora Beegum Muthubeevi, Sandhya Chandrasekharan Vasantha
    Journal of Evolution of Medical and Dental Sciences.2017; 6(05): 350.     CrossRef
  • Mechanisms of action and therapeutic potential of proinsulin C-peptide
    A. O. Shpakov
    Journal of Evolutionary Biochemistry and Physiology.2017; 53(3): 180.     CrossRef
  • Hemolysis Affects C‐Peptide Immunoassay
    Zhi‐Qi Wu, Ju Lu, Hua‐Guo Xu
    Journal of Clinical Laboratory Analysis.2016; 30(6): 1232.     CrossRef
  • Lipid and inflammatory biomarker profiles in early insulin resistance
    Itahisa Marcelino Rodríguez, José Oliva García, José Juan Alemán Sánchez, Delia Almeida González, Santiago Domínguez Coello, Buenaventura Brito Díaz, Fadoua Gannar, María del Cristo Rodríguez Pérez, Roberto Elosua, Antonio Cabrera de León
    Acta Diabetologica.2016; 53(6): 905.     CrossRef
  • C-Peptide Is Independently Associated with an Increased Risk of Coronary Artery Disease in T2DM Subjects: A Cross-Sectional Study
    Lingshu Wang, Peng Lin, Aixia Ma, Huizhen Zheng, Kexin Wang, Wenjuan Li, Chuan Wang, Ruxing Zhao, Kai Liang, Fuqiang Liu, Xinguo Hou, Jun Song, Yiran Lu, Ping Zhu, Yu Sun, Li Chen, Marta Letizia Hribal
    PLOS ONE.2015; 10(6): e0127112.     CrossRef
  • C-peptide as a risk factor of coronary artery disease in the general population
    Antonio Cabrera de León, José Gregorio Oliva García, Itahisa Marcelino Rodríguez, Delia Almeida González, José Juan Alemán Sánchez, Buenaventura Brito Díaz, Santiago Domínguez Coello, Vicente Bertomeu Martínez, Armando Aguirre Jaime, María del Cristo Rodr
    Diabetes and Vascular Disease Research.2015; 12(3): 199.     CrossRef
  • Gender differences in the association of insulin resistance and high-sensitivity c-reactive protein in obese adolescents
    Ramin Alemzadeh, Jessica Kichler
    Journal of Diabetes & Metabolic Disorders.2014;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • Cytokinome Profile of Patients with Type 2 Diabetes and/or Chronic Hepatitis C Infection
    Susan Costantini, Francesca Capone, Eliana Guerriero, Raffaele Marfella, Angela Sorice, Patrizia Maio, Michele Di Stasio, Giuseppe Paolisso, Giuseppe Castello, Giovanni Colonna, Patricia Fitzgerald-Bocarsly
    PLoS ONE.2012; 7(6): e39486.     CrossRef
  • Serum glycated albumin predicts the progression of carotid arterial atherosclerosis
    Sun Ok Song, Kwang Joon Kim, Byung-Wan Lee, Eun Seok Kang, Bong Soo Cha, Hyun Chul Lee
    Atherosclerosis.2012; 225(2): 450.     CrossRef
  • C-Peptide: A New Mediator of Atherosclerosis in Diabetes
    Dusica Vasic, Daniel Walcher
    Mediators of Inflammation.2012; 2012: 1.     CrossRef
  • Letter: Basal C-peptide Level as a Surrogate Marker of Subclinical Atherosclerosis in Type 2 Diabetes Patients (Diabetes Metab J 2011;35:41-9)
    Min Suk Lee, Hae Jin Kim
    Diabetes & Metabolism Journal.2011; 35(2): 188.     CrossRef
  • Response: Basal C-peptide Level as a Surrogate Marker of Subclinical Atherosclerosis in Type 2 Diabetic Patients (Diabetes Metab J 2011;35:41-9)
    Sung-Tae Kim, Byung-Joon Kim, Dong-Mee Lim, In-Geol Song, Jang-Han Jung, Kang-Woo Lee, Keun-Young Park, Youn-Zoo Cho, Dae-Ho Lee, Gwan-Pyo Koh
    Diabetes & Metabolism Journal.2011; 35(2): 190.     CrossRef
Is A1C Variability an Independent Predictor for the Progression of Atherosclerosis in Type 2 Diabetic Patients?
Chul Sik Kim, So Young Park, Sung Hoon Yu, Jun Goo Kang, Ohk Hyun Ryu, Seong Jin Lee, Eun Gyung Hong, Hyeon Kyu Kim, Doo-Man Kim, Jae Myung Yoo, Sung Hee Ihm, Moon Gi Choi, Hyung Joon Yoo
Korean Diabetes J. 2010;34(3):174-181.   Published online June 30, 2010
DOI: https://doi.org/10.4093/kdj.2010.34.3.174
  • 7,188 View
  • 32 Download
  • 9 Crossref
AbstractAbstract PDFPubReader   ePub   
Background

Little is known about the relative contribution of long-term glycemic variability to the risk of macrovascular complications in type 2 diabetes. This study was conducted to evaluate the effect of A1C variability on the progression of carotid artery intima-media thickness (IMT) in type 2 diabetic patients.

Methods

Among type 2 diabetic patients who visited Hallym University Sacred Heart Hospital from March 2007 to September 2009, 120 patients who had carotid artery IMT measured annually and A1C checked every three months for at least one year were analyzed. Individual A1C variability was defined as the standard deviation (SD) of five A1C levels taken every three months for approximately one year. Change in IMT was defined as an increase in IMT on follow-up measurement. The association between the SD of A1C and changes in IMT was evaluated.

Results

With greater A1C variability, there was a greater increase in the mean IMT (r = 0.350, P < 0.001) of the carotid artery. After adjusting for confounding factors that may influence IMT, A1C variability was significantly associated with the progression of IMT (r = 0.222, P = 0.034). However, the SD of A1C was not a significant independent risk factor for the progression of IMT in multiple regression analysis (β = 0.158, P = 0.093).

Conclusion

Higher A1C variability is associated with IMT progression in type 2 diabetic patients; however, it is not an independent predictor of IMT progression. Overall glycemic control is the most important factor in the progression of IMT.

Citations

Citations to this article as recorded by  
  • Long-Term Risk of Cardiovascular Disease Among Type 2 Diabetes Patients According to Average and Visit-to-Visit Variations of HbA1c Levels During the First 3 Years of Diabetes Diagnosis
    Hyunah Kim, Da Young Jung, Seung-Hwan Lee, Jae-Hyoung Cho, Hyeon Woo Yim, Hun-Sung Kim
    Journal of Korean Medical Science.2023;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • Association Between Long-Term Visit-to-Visit Hemoglobin A1c and Cardiovascular Risk in Type 2 Diabetes: The ACCORD Trial
    Dan Huang, Yong-Quan Huang, Qun-Ying Zhang, Yan Cui, Tian-Yi Mu, Yin Huang
    Frontiers in Cardiovascular Medicine.2021;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • Association of Longitudinal Values of Glycated Hemoglobin With Cardiovascular Events in Patients With Type 2 Diabetes and Multivessel Coronary Artery Disease
    Paulo Cury Rezende, Mark Andrew Hlatky, Whady Hueb, Rosa Maria Rahmi Garcia, Luciano da Silva Selistre, Eduardo Gomes Lima, Cibele Larrosa Garzillo, Thiago Luis Scudeler, Gustavo Andre Boeing Boros, Fernando Faglioni Ribas, Carlos Vicente Serrano, Jose An
    JAMA Network Open.2020; 3(1): e1919666.     CrossRef
  • Haemoglobin A1c variability as an independent correlate of atherosclerosis and cardiovascular disease in Chinese type 2 diabetes
    Yifei Mo, Jian Zhou, Xiaojing Ma, Wei Zhu, Lei Zhang, Jie Li, Jingyi Lu, Cheng Hu, Yuqian Bao, Weiping Jia
    Diabetes and Vascular Disease Research.2018; 15(5): 402.     CrossRef
  • Relationship of HbA1c variability, absolute changes in HbA1c, and all-cause mortality in type 2 diabetes: a Danish population-based prospective observational study
    Mette V Skriver, Annelli Sandbæk, Jette K Kristensen, Henrik Støvring
    BMJ Open Diabetes Research & Care.2015; 3(1): e000060.     CrossRef
  • Association between hemoglobin A1c variability and subclinical coronary atherosclerosis in subjects with type 2 diabetes
    Hae Kyung Yang, Borami Kang, Seung-Hwan Lee, Kun-Ho Yoon, Byung-Hee Hwang, Kiyuk Chang, Kyungdo Han, Gunseog Kang, Jae Hyoung Cho
    Journal of Diabetes and its Complications.2015; 29(6): 776.     CrossRef
  • Glycated hemoglobin as a marker of subclinical atherosclerosis and cardiac remodeling among non-diabetic adults from the general population
    Robin Haring, Sebastian E. Baumeister, Wolfgang Lieb, Bettina von Sarnowski, Henry Völzke, Stephan B. Felix, Matthias Nauck, Henri Wallaschofski
    Diabetes Research and Clinical Practice.2014; 105(3): 416.     CrossRef
  • HbA1c Variability and Micro- and Macrovascular Complications of Diabetes
    Hae Kyung Yang, Seung-Hwan Lee
    The Journal of Korean Diabetes.2014; 15(4): 202.     CrossRef
  • HbA1c variability and the development of microalbuminuria in type 2 diabetes: Tsukuba Kawai Diabetes Registry 2
    A. Sugawara, K. Kawai, S. Motohashi, K. Saito, S. Kodama, Y. Yachi, R. Hirasawa, H. Shimano, K. Yamazaki, H. Sone
    Diabetologia.2012; 55(8): 2128.     CrossRef
The Relationship Between Coronary Artery Calcification and Serum Apolipoprotein A-1 in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes.
Hyun Ae Seo, Yeon Kyung Choi, Jae Han Jeon, Jung Eun Lee, Ji Yun Jeong, Seong Su Moon, In Kyu Lee, Bo Wan Kim, Jung Guk Kim
Korean Diabetes J. 2009;33(6):485-493.   Published online December 1, 2009
DOI: https://doi.org/10.4093/kdj.2009.33.6.485
  • 3,721 View
  • 38 Download
  • 2 Crossref
AbstractAbstract PDF
BACKGROUND
The incidence of type 2 diabetes mellitus is increasing annually and patient mortality is high. Coronary artery calcification is a predictor of coronary artery disease. Cardiovascular events, which are the main cause of death in type 2 diabetes patients, may be preventable by addressing risk factors associated with coronary artery calcification. We examined the relationships between coronary artery calcification, lipid profiles, and apolipoprotein levels. METHODS: We calculated the coronary calcium scores (CCS) of 254 subjects with type 2 diabetes (113 males, 141 females) via multi-detector row computed tomography (MDCT). Height, body weight, blood pressure, HbA1c, c-peptide, lipid profile and apolipoprotein were assessed concurrently. RESULTS: In patients with type 2 diabetes, Agatston score and apolipoprotein A-1 were significantly negatively correlated in both males and females (males P = 0.015, females P = 0.021). The negative correlation between Agatston score and apolipoprotein A-1 was retained for the entire patient sample after adjustments for age and sex (P = 0.022). Stepwise multiple regression anaylses with the Agatston score as the dependent variable indicate that apolipoprotein A-1 is a independent predictor (beta coefficient = -0.047, 95%CI = -0.072 ~ -0.021, P < 0.001) of coronary artery calcification. CONCLUSION: The results of our study suggest that apolipoprotein A-1 is a useful independent indicator of coronary artery calcification.

Citations

Citations to this article as recorded by  
  • The Risk of Coronary Artery Calcification according to Different Lipid Parameters and Average Lipid Parameters
    Tae Kyung Yoo, Mi Yeon Lee, Ki-Chul Sung
    Journal of Atherosclerosis and Thrombosis.2024; 31(8): 1194.     CrossRef
  • Coronary Artery Calcification and Serum Apolipoprotein A-1 in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes
    Ki Won Oh
    Korean Diabetes Journal.2009; 33(6): 464.     CrossRef
Review
Clinical Implications of Serum Biomarkers in Diabetic Cardiovascular Complications.
Jang Won Son, Hyuk Sang Kwon
Korean Diabetes J. 2009;33(5):363-372.   Published online October 1, 2009
DOI: https://doi.org/10.4093/kdj.2009.33.5.363
  • 2,956 View
  • 22 Download
AbstractAbstract PDF
Diabetes is associated with increased risk of cardiovascular disease, with atherosclerosis responsible for most associated morbidity and mortality. Atherosclerosis often causes acute thrombotic events through plaque rupture and formation of platelet-rich thrombi. The principal clinical manifestations of atherosclerosis are coronary artery disease, ischemic stroke, and peripheral arterial disease. Endothelial dysfunction, oxidative stress, and low-grade inflammation are key features in the pathophysiology of atherosclerosis.
Original Article
The Relationship between Serum Retinol-Binding Protein 4 Levels and Coronary Artery Disease in Korean Adults.
Ji Hoon Kim, Eun Jung Rhee, Eun Suk Choi, Jong Chul Won, Cheol Young Park, Won Young Lee, Ki Won Oh, Byung Jin Kim, Ki Chul Sung, Bum Soo Kim, Jin Ho Kang, Sung Woo Park, Sun Woo Kim, Man Ho Lee, Jung Roe Park
Korean Diabetes J. 2009;33(2):105-112.   Published online April 1, 2009
DOI: https://doi.org/10.4093/kdj.2009.33.2.105
  • 9,068 View
  • 21 Download
  • 1 Crossref
AbstractAbstract PDF
BACKGROUND
A recently discovered adipokine, retinol-binding protein-4 (RBP-4), is reportedly associated with insulin resistance and metabolic syndrome. This study was performed to analyze the relationship between serum RBP-4 levels and coronary artery disease (CAD) in Korean adults. METHODS: In 235 subjects (mean age 58 years) in whom coronary artery angiograms were performed due to complaints of chest pain, serum RBP-4 levels were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Coronary artery angiograms were performed in all subjects and the severity of CAD was assessed by the number of stenotic vessels. The presence of metabolic syndrome was defined by AHA/NHLBI criteria with body mass index substituted for waist circumference. RESULTS: Coronary angiogram showed that 101 subjects (43%) had normal coronary vessel, 82 subjects (34.9%) had 1-vessel disease, 31 subjects (13.2%) had 2-vessel disease and 21 subjects (8.9%) had 3-vessel disease. Subjects with coronary artery stenosis showed a higher mean age (60.5 +/- 10.0 years), fasting glucose (123.3 mg +/- 45.0 mg/dL) and lower mean value for high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) level (49.0 +/- 13.2 mg/dL), although serum RBP-4 levels were not significantly different between those with and without CAD. Mean age and fasting glucose level increased significantly as the number of stenotic vessels increased, although serum RBP4 level showed no significant differences among the different groups. Among the metabolic parameters, only serum triglyceride levels showed a significant correlation with serum RBP-4 levels. CONCLUSION: There was no difference in mean serum RBP-4 levels between subjects with or without coronary artery disease in Korean adults. Further studies are warranted to draw a clear conclusion on the effect of RBP-4 on atherosclerosis.

Citations

Citations to this article as recorded by  
  • Retinol binding protein 4 levels relate to the presence and severity of coronary artery disease
    Gokay Nar, Sara Sanlialp, Rukiye Nar
    Journal of Medical Biochemistry.2021; 40(4): 384.     CrossRef
Review
Clinical Implication of Adiponectin.
Soo Lim, Hak Chul Jang
Korean Diabetes J. 2008;32(2):85-97.   Published online April 1, 2008
DOI: https://doi.org/10.4093/kdj.2008.32.2.85
  • 3,663 View
  • 39 Download
  • 6 Crossref
AbstractAbstract PDF
Adipose tissue is now considered as an active hormone-secreting organ, which secretes a number of biologically active adipokines such as free fatty acids, leptin, tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNFalpha), interleukin-6, plasminogen activator inhibitor-1, adiponectin and retinol binding protein 4 (RBP4). Among these, adiponectin has attracted considerable attention as an adipokine that has important role in the development of type 2 diabetes, atherosclerosis and cardiovascular diseases. Adiponectin was discovered to be the most abundant adipose-specific transcript. Many epidemiological and clinical studies have demonstrated that serum levels of adiponectin are inversely associated with body weight, especially abdominal visceral fat accumulation. Studies among Japanese and Pima Indians have reported lower concentrations of adiponectin in patients with type 2 diabetes than in those with normal glucose tolerance. A low level of adiponectin was found to be a significant risk factor for the development of cardiovascular events in the Korean patients with type 2 diabetes. We recently published that exercise, having an insulin-sensitizing effect, could be a good therapy to prevent or delay diabetes and cardiovascular diseases in middle-aged women through the modification of adiponectin. These results suggest that the clinical implication of adiponectin. A number of studies have been conducted to clarify the biological role of adiponectin. Recent studies have showed that adiponectin has anti-inflammatory, anti-atherogenic, and glucose-lowering properties. Taken together, it is conceivable that adiponectin plays as a backbone of metabolic syndrome. Finally, pleiotropic functions of adiponectin may possibly serve to prevent and treat atherosclerosis, type 2 diabetes and cardiovascular diseases. Furthermore, enhancement of adiponectin secretion or action may be a good therapeutic target for preventing type 2 diabetes or cardiovascular diseases.

Citations

Citations to this article as recorded by  
  • Anti-Diabetic and Lipid-Improving Effects of Alpinia galanga Extract and Caffeine in Rats Fed a High-Fat Diet
    Su-Jin Park, Kyung-Ok Shin
    Journal of the East Asian Society of Dietary Life.2024; 34(2): 108.     CrossRef
  • Effects of the Serum Adiponectin to Tumor Necrosis Factor-α (TNF-α) Ratio on Carotid Intima-Media Thickness in Newly Diagnosed Type 2 Diabetic Patients
    Kwang Youn Kim, Jung Ae Hong, Ha Won Hwang, Sun Ho Lee, Ju Ri Park, Sung Hoon Yu, Jun Goo Kang, Ohk Hyun Ryu, Seong Jin Lee, Eun Gyung Hong, Doo-Man Kim, Jae Myung Yoo, Sung Hee Ihm, Moon Gi Choi, Hyung Joon Yoo, Chul Sik Kim
    Journal of Lipid and Atherosclerosis.2015; 4(1): 7.     CrossRef
  • TNF-α polymorphisms and coronary artery disease: Association study in the Korean population
    Ho-Chan Cho, Gyeongim Yu, Mi-Young Lee, Hye-Soon Kim, Dong-Hoon Shin, Yoon-Nyun Kim
    Cytokine.2013; 62(1): 104.     CrossRef
  • The Effect of Visceral Fat Area and Adipocytokines on Acute Myocardial Infarction: A Case-Control Study in Adult Korean Population
    Kang-Kon Lee, Young-Sung Suh, Keun-Sang Yum
    The Korean Journal of Obesity.2012; 21(1): 57.     CrossRef
  • Impact of Serum Adiponectin Concentration on Progression of Carotid Atherosclerosis in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus
    Chul Sik Kim, Ju Ri Park, Sung Hoon Yu, Jun Goo Kang, Ohk Hyun Ryu, Seong Jin Lee, Eun Gyung Hong, Doo-Man Kim, Jae Myung Yoo, Sung Hee Ihm, Moon Gi Choi, Hyung Joon Yoo
    Endocrinology and Metabolism.2012; 27(1): 31.     CrossRef
  • Novel Adipokines
    Kyung Mook Choi
    Journal of Korean Endocrine Society.2008; 23(4): 219.     CrossRef
Original Articles
Protective Effect of PGC-1 on Lipid Overload-induced Apoptosis in Vascular Endothelial Cell.
Eun Hee Koh, Youn Mi Kim, Ha Jung Kim, Woo Je Lee, Jong Chul Won, Min Seon Kim, Ki Up Lee, Joong Yeol Park
Korean Diabetes J. 2006;30(3):151-160.   Published online May 1, 2006
DOI: https://doi.org/10.4093/jkda.2006.30.3.151
  • 2,950 View
  • 25 Download
AbstractAbstract PDF
BACKGROUND
Fatty acids contribute to endothelial cell dysfunction and apoptosis by inducing accumulation of long chain fatty acyl CoA (LCAC), which increases oxidative stress in vascular endothelial cells. Forced expression of PGC-1 was shown to induce mitochondrial biogenesis and to control expression of mitochondrial enzymes involved in fatty acid oxidation. This study was undertaken to test the hypothesis that PGC-1 overexpression could prevent endothelial cell apoptosis by enhancing fatty acid oxidation and relieving oxidative stress in vascular endothelium. METHODS: Adenoviruses containing human PGC-1 (Ad-PGC-1) and beta-galactosidase (Ad-beta-gal) were transfected to confluent human aortic endothelial cells (HAECs). To investigate the effect of adenoviral PGC-1 gene transfer on apoptosis, combined treatment of linoleic acid (LA), an unsaturated fatty acid, was performed. RESULTS: PGC-1 overexpression inhibited the increase in ROS production and apoptosis of HAECs induced by LA. Also, PGC-1 led to a significant increase in fatty acid oxidation and decrease in triglyceride content in HAECs. LA caused the decrease of adenine nucleotide translocase (ANT) activity and transient mitochondrial hyperpolarization, which was followed by depolarization. PGC-1 overexpression prevented these processes. CONCLUSION: In summary, PGC-1 overexpression inhibited mitochondrial dysfunction and apoptosis by facilitating fatty acid oxidation and protecting against the damage from oxidative stress in HAECs. The data collectively suggest that the regulation of intracellular PGC-1 expression might play a critical role in preventing atherosclerosis.
Association Between Impaired Vascular Endothelial Function and High Sensitivity C-reactive Protein, a Chronic Inflammatory Marker, in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus.
Jang Yel Shin, Mi Young Lee, Jang Hyun Koh, Jang Young Kim, Young Goo Shin, Choon Hee Chung
Korean Diabetes J. 2005;29(5):469-478.   Published online September 1, 2005
  • 1,431 View
  • 28 Download
AbstractAbstract PDF
BACKGOUND: Eighty percents of diabetes-related mortalities are due to atherosclerotic vascular complications. The accelerated atherosclerosis in type 2 diabetic patients is partly due to the increased incidences of cardiovascular risk factors, such as hypertension, obesity, dyslipidemia, insulin resistance and oxidative stress. Endothelial dysfunction is known as an early marker of cardiovascular disease and a predictor of cardiovascular events. The flow mediated dilation (FMD) of the brachial artery has been documented as being reduced in type 2 diabetic patients. Inflammatory markers, such as C-reactive protein(CRP) and interleukin-6(IL-6), are associated with the risk of cardiovascular disease. Endothelial dysfunction has a direct correlation with the levels of CRP, which are elevated in patients with diabetes compared with non-diabetic subjects. In this study, the FMD in diabetic and non-diabetic subjects were compared, and the association of cardiovascular risk factors and endothelial function examined in type 2 diabetic patients. METHODS: 57 consecutive diabetic subjects and 29 non-diabetic subjects, aged 35 to 69(54.0+/-1.0 years), without proven macrovascular complications, were enrolled in this study. Cardiovascular risk factors, such as body weight, height, waist and hip circumference, fasting plasma glucose and insulin levels, lipid profiles, inflammatory and coagulation markers were measured. The FMD of the brachial artery and the intima-media thickness(IMT) of the carotid artery were determined using high-resolution B-mode ultrasound. RESULTS: The FMD values were significantly lower in the diabetic compared with the non-diabetic subjects(7.6+/-0.2% vs. 8.9+/-0.4%, P=0.004). The homocysteine levels were significantly higher in the diabetic than non-diabetic subjects(12.4+/-0.4micromol/L vs. 9.5+/-0.6micromol/L, P<0.0001). In diabetic subjects, the FMD was shown to be significantly negatively correlated with high sensitivity C-reactive protein(hsCRP)(P=0.006), fibrinogen(P=0.024) and homocysteine (P=0.038). A multiple regression analysis, after adjusted for age, sex, body mass index(BMI), hypertension, and smoking, showed that hsCRP(beta=-0.424, P=0.002) and fibrinogen(beta=-0.324, P=0.025) had significant inverse association with the FMD in diabetic subjects. CONCLUSION: Diabetic subjects have an impaired endothelial function compared with the non-diabetic subjects, and the vascular endothelial function has a significant negative correlation with hsCRP and fibrinogen. These findings suggest that hsCRP might be an independent predictor of endothelial dysfunction and atherosclerosis, and chronic inflammation might play a pivotal role in the impairment of the endothelial function in diabetic patients.
Alpha-Lipoic acid Inhibits TNF-alpha-Induced Fractalkine Expression in Rat aortic Smooth Muscle Cells.
Keun Gyu Park, Hye Soon Kim, Seong Yeol Ryu, Chang Wook Nam, Byung Kyu Chae, Eui Dal Jung, Jung Guk Kim, Bo Wan Kim, In Kyu Lee
Korean Diabetes J. 2005;29(5):409-417.   Published online September 1, 2005
  • 1,517 View
  • 25 Download
AbstractAbstract PDF
BACKGOUND: The induction of vascular inflammation via the proinflammatory cytokine/ nuclear factor (NF)-kappaB pathway is one of the key mechanisms in the development and progression of atherosclerosis. Accumulating evidence suggests a recently identified chemokine, fractalkine, is involved in arterial inflammation and atherogenesis; however, few studies have examined the effects of pharmacological agents on this process. The purposes of this study were to determine if alpha-lipoic acid (ALA) inhibits the expression of tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-alpha-stimulated fractalkine in vascular smooth muscle cells(VSMCs). METHODS: Rat VSMCs were isolated and cultured. Northern and Western blot analyses were performed to evaluate the effects of ALA on the expression of TNF-alpha-stimulated fractalkine in VSMCs. A gel shift assay was performed to examine the mechanism by which ALA inhibits the expression of fractalkine. RESULTS: TNF-alpha markedly induced the expression of fractalkine in primary cultured VSMCs. ALA inhibited the expression of TNF-alpha-stimulated fractalkine in cultured VSMCs. The result of the gel shift assay suggested the inhibitory effects of AS-6 on the expression of TNF-alpha-stimulated fractalkine were mediated via the NF-kappaB pathway. CONCLUSION: This study has shown that ALA has anti-inflammatory effects on VSMCs, which are mediated by the inhibitoin, at least in part, of the NF-kappaB dependent inflammatory signal-stimulated expression of fractalkine. Our data suggest the possibility that antioxidants, such as ALA, inhibit the NF-kappaB pathway, which may be used to prevent the development and progression of atherosclerosis.
Ascochlorin Derivative, AS-6, Inhibits TNF-alpha-Induced fractalkine, MCP-1 and VCAM-1 Expression in Rat Aortic Smooth Muscle Cells.
Young Yun Jang, Sang Yoon Kim, Nam Keong Kim, Mi Kyung Kim, Hee Kyoung Kim, Hye Soon Kim, Chang Wook Nam, Seong Yeol Ryu, Sung Il Nam, Keun Gyu Park
Korean Diabetes J. 2005;29(5):401-408.   Published online September 1, 2005
  • 1,502 View
  • 24 Download
AbstractAbstract PDF
BACKGOUND: Inflammation is one of the key mechanisms in the development and progression of atherosclerosis. Accumulating evidence suggests that peroxisome proliferators- activated receptorgamma(PPARgamma) plays an important role in the prevention of arterial inflammation and the formation of atherogenesis. This study was designed to evaluate whether the new synthetic PPARgamma, ascochlorin-6(AS-6) has anti-inflammatory and anti-atherogenic effects in primary cultured rat vascular smooth muscle cells(VSMCs). METHODS: Rat VSMCs were isolated and cultured. Northern and Western blot analyses were performed to evaluate the effects of AS-6 on the expressions of tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-alpha-stimulated fractalkine, monocyte chemoattractant protein(MCP)-1 and vascular cell adhesion molecule (VCAM)-1 in VSMCs. A gel shift assay was performed to examine the mechanism by which AS-6 inhibits the expressions of fractalkine, MCP-1 and VCAM-1. RESULTS: TNF-alpha markedly induced the expressions of fractalkine, MCP-1 and VCAM-1 in primary cultured VSMCs. AS-6 inhibited the expressions of TNF-alpha-stimulated fractalkine, MCP-1 and VCAM-1 in primary cultured VSMCs. The result of the gel shift assay suggested the inhibitory effects of AS-6 on the expressions of TNF-alpha-stimulated fractalkine, MCP-1 and VCAM-1 were mediated through a nuclear factor kappaB associated pathway. CONCLUSION: The present study shows that AS-6 has anti-inflammatory effects on VSMCs, suggesting the possibility for the use of AS-6 for prevention of the development and progression of atherosclerosis.
Randomized Controlled Trial
Relationship between Carotid Atherosclerosis and Chlamydia Pneumoniae Seropositivity in Type 2 Diabetes.
Su Jin Jung, Ji Hye Kim, Ji Hyun Park, Tae Sun Park, Hong Sun Baek
Korean Diabetes J. 2005;29(4):352-357.   Published online July 1, 2005
  • 1,777 View
  • 19 Download
AbstractAbstract PDF
BACKGROUND
The major causes of death in diabetic patients are atherosclerosis-related diseases. Infection with Chlamydia pneumoniae(C. pneumoniae) has been reported to play a pathogenic role in atherosclerosis. However, data relating to C. pneumoniae exposure are rare in type 2 diabetes that are more susceptible to infection. The aim of this study was to see whether C. pneumoniae seropositivity was associated with carotid atherosclerosis in type 2 diabetic patients. METHODS: The subjects of this study were 135 type 2 diabetic patients. Serum samples from the subjects were assayed for risk factors, including lipid profiles, HbA1c, fibrinogen and CRP. Serum titers of antibodies to C. pneumoniae(IgG, IgM) were measured using microimmunofluorescence(MIF). tests Carotid ultrasound examination was used to measure the intima-media thickness(IMT), plaques and the presence of stenosis in each segment of both carotid arteries. RESULTS: C. pneumoniae seropositivity was detected in 17.8%(n=24), but without any difference between the sexes, in the 135 type 2 diabetic patients. The CRP level was increased in the seropositive group(P=0.041). The presence of carotid stenosis and IMT were significantly from a associated with C. pneumoniae seropositivity from a univariate analysis(IMTmean: IgG(+), 0.93mm vs. IgG(-), 0.85mm, P = 0.038, IMTmax: IgG(+), 1.29mm vs. IgG(-), 1.17mm, P = 0.025, stenosis: IgG (+), 25% vs. IgG(-) 7.2%, P = 0.020). No association was found for the plaque count or score. After controlling for cardiovascular risk factors, including age, sex, hypertension, cholesterol, and CRP, the association of C. pneumonia seropositivity with the IMTmean or carotid stenosis remained significant(IMTmean: P = 0.027, stenosis: P = 0.026). CONCLUSIONS: Serologic evidence of C. pneumoniae infection was detected in 17.8% randomly-assigned type 2 diabetic patients. C. pneumoniae seropositivity may be a risk factor for carotid atherosclerosis in type 2 diabetic patients.
Review
Disturbed Shear Stress Induces Inflammation and Atherosclerosis-Role of BMP4 as a Mechanosensitive and Inflammatory Cytokine.
Hanjoong Jo, Hannah Song
Korean Diabetes J. 2005;29(4):271-281.   Published online July 1, 2005
  • 1,315 View
  • 27 Download
AbstractAbstract PDF
Atherosclerosis is an inflammatory disease occurring preferentially in arterial regions exposed to disturbed flow conditions including oscillatory shear stress(OS). In contrast, the arterial regions exposed to laminar shear(LS) are relatively lesion-free. The opposite effects of LS(atheroprotective) and OS(atherogenic) are likely to be determined by differential expression of genes and proteins. Therefore, numerous investigators including us carried out transcript profiling studies to identify mechanosensitive genes that are turned on or off in response to different shear conditions. Through this and subsequent verification approaches using both cultured endothelial cells and human coronary arteries containing atherosclerotic lesions, we discovered that BMP4 expression is a highly regulated by different shear conditions. More importantly, we discovered a novel role of BMP4 as a mechanosensitive pro-inflammatory cytokine. Exposing endothelial cells to OS increased BMP4 protein expression while LS decreased it. Also, we found BMP4 expression only in the selective patches of endothelial cells overlying foam cell lesions in human coronary arteries. Chronic exposure of endothelial cells to OS stimulates inflammatory responses in endothelial cells such as production of intercellular adhesion molecule 1(ICAM-1) leading to monocyte adhesion to endothelium. A series of studies have revealed that exposure to OS induces inflammatory responses by producing BMP4 in endothelial cells. BMP4 then stimulates ICAM-1 expression and monocyte adhesion by the reactive oxygen species(ROS) and NF kappa B-dependent mechanisms. ROS produced in response to OS and BMP4 are derived from NADPH oxidase involving nox1 and p47phox components. These findings strongly suggest that BMP4 is a mechanosensitive, inflammatory factor playing a critical role in early steps of atherogenesis in atheroprone areas. This review is written to summarize this emerging field of shear stress, inflammation and atherosclerosis.
Original Articles
The Thickness of Carotid Artery Intima-Media Thickness in Hypertriglyceridemic Hyperapo B Type 2 Diabetes.
Ji Hyun Lee, Duck Soo Chung
Korean Diabetes J. 2005;29(1):57-64.   Published online January 1, 2005
  • 1,314 View
  • 20 Download
AbstractAbstract PDF
BACKGROUND
Atherosclerotic diseases such as cardiovascular disease and cerebrovascular disease are major causes of diabetes mellitus-related morbidity and mortality. The frequency of macrovascular disease in type 2 diabetic patients varies geographically, and this suggests that factors other than diabetes play an important role in the pathogenesis of their vascular disease. One such factor may be the dyslipoproteinemias that are common in diabetic patients. There were many studies showing that hypertriglyceridemia with an elevated apolipoprotein B (apo B) level was associated with an increased risk for coronary disease in type 2 diabetes patients. Meanwhile, an increase in the intima-media thickness (IMT) of the carotid artery has been previously reported in patients with type 2 diabetes, and this is related to the atherosclerotic risk factors. The aim of this study was to evaluate the relationship between the carotid artery IMT and lipoprotein and apolipoprotein, and we also wanted to assess the role of hypertriglyceridemic hyperapo B for the cardiovascular risk factors in the type 2 diabetic patients. METHODS: The carotid artery IMT was measured using high resolution B-mode ultrasono graphy in 117 type 2 diabetes. At the same time, we analyzed the patients characteristics including height, weight, body mass index, blood pressure, duration of diabetes and history of hypertension. Laboratory parameters such as fasting blood glucose, HbA1c, total cholesterol, triglyceride, LDL-cholesterol, HDL-cholesterol, apolipoprotein A and B were included in this study. We defined hypertrigl yceridemic hyperapo B as when the triglyceride level was over 1.7 mmol/L and the apolipoprotein B level was over 1.20 g/L. RESULTS: Thirty-three patients (28%) were classified as having hypertriglyceridemic hyperapo B. Age (r = 348, P = 0.001), duration of diabetes (r = 0.438, P = 0.001), hypertension (P = 0.001), and LDL-cholesterol (r = 0.225, P = 0.018) were statistically significant for the carotid artery IMT values in diabetic patients. However, there were no correlations between carotid artery IMT and total cholesterol, triglyceride, HDL- cholesterol, and apolipoprotein A and B. Upon multiple regression analysis, age, duration of diabetes and LDL-cholesterol were statistically significant for the carotid artery IMT values in diabetic patients (R2 = 0.296). Hypertriglyceridemic hyperapo B diabetic patients didn't have higher carotid artery IMT values than the other patients. CONCLUSION: The increment of carotid artery IMT is affected by age, blood pressure, duration of diabetes and LDL-cholesterol. However, our study did not show any association between carotid artery IMT and hypertriglyceridemic hyperapo B
The Degree of Atherosclerosis and the Metabolic Characteristics according to the Abdominal Obesity in Type 2 Diabetic Patients.
Chul Sik Kim, Jong Suk Park, Joo Young Nam, Jina Park, Min Ho Cho, Ji Sun Nam, Dol Mi Kim, Soo Jee Yoon, Jae Hyun Nam, Chul Woo Ahn, Bong Soo Cha, Sung Kil Lim, Kyung Rae Kim, Hyun Chul Lee
Korean Diabetes J. 2004;28(5):377-391.   Published online October 1, 2004
  • 1,843 View
  • 27 Download
AbstractAbstract PDF
BACKGROUND
Many of the maturity-onset type 2 diabetic patients with hypertension and dyslipidemia in Korea are not associated with obesity. However, these patients are at risk for developing macrovascular complications such as atherosclerosis due to hyperinsulinemia, insulin resistance and abdominal obesity. The aims of this study were to compare the clinical and biochemical differences between the type 2 diabetic patients that are with and without abdominal obesity, and we also wished to investigate the degree of insulin resistance and atherosclerosis in these patients. METHODS: Among 530 type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM) patients, the percentages of under-weight (UW), normal-weight (NW), over-weight (OW) and obese (OB) (BMI <20, 20-25, 25-29.9 and > or =30, respectively) subjects were 8.9%, 62.1%, 25.1% and 3.9%, respectively. To evaluate the severity of their atherosclerosis, the coronary artery calcification (CAC) score was measured by electron beam computed tomography, and the intima-media thickness (IMT) of the common carotid artery and the ankle-brachial pressure index (ABPI) were also measured. The Insulin sensitivity index (ISI) was measured by the plasma glucose disappearance rate (kitt: %/min). RESULTS: 1. There were no differences in age, duration of DM and the HbA1c levels according to BMI for both the men and women, but the waist-hip ratio (WHR) and systolic blood pressure (SBP) were significantly different among each group. Serum triglyceride (TG), HDL-cholesterol (HDL-C), free fatty acid (FFA), fibrinogen, and fasting c-peptide levels, {excluding total cholesterol (TC)}, were also significantly different. The ISI, which is a marker for insulin resistance, as well correlated with the patients' BMI. Subjects having an with ISI above 2.5%/min were considered as having insulin resistance, and 28%, 60%, 68% and 75% of patients in the UW, NW, OW and OB groups, respectively, demonstrated insulin resistance. The visceral fat area/subcutaneous fat area ratio and visceral fat area/thigh muscle area ratio also increased with BMI. 2. The median values of the WHR were 0.95 for the men and 0.91 for the women. There were no significant differences for age, BMI, duration of DM and HbA1c between patients with and without abdominal obesity, but the SBP, TG, HDL-C, FFA, fibrinogen and ISI were significantly different between those two groups. 3. For the OW group as well as the NW group, the carotid IMT, ABPI and CAC scores were significantly different between the patients with and without abdominal obesity. However, there were no differences between the NW group and the OW group. CONCLUSION: In conclusion, those patients with abdominal obesity, regardless of their BMIs, have a higher prevalence for atherosclerosis, dyslipidemia, and hypertension, compared to those patients without abdominal obesity. Therefore, it is important to screen for atherosclerosis and to manage it accordingly, for the patients with insulin resistance or abdominal obesity in order to decrease their risk of developing atherosclerotic events.
Plasma Fibrinogen Level is Associated with Carotid Plaque Progression in Type 2 Diabetic Patients.
Seong Hun Kim, Ji Hye Kim, Chong Hwa Kim, Ji Hyun Park, Tae Sun Park, Hong Sun Back
Korean Diabetes J. 2004;28(4):293-303.   Published online August 1, 2004
  • 1,607 View
  • 21 Download
AbstractAbstract PDF
BACKGROUND
The level of plasma fibrinogen has emerged as an important risk factor for cardiovascular diseases. Raised fibrinogen levels result in enhanced fibrin deposition in areas of vessel wall injury, which in turn may accelerate the development of atherosclerotic disease. The aim of present study was to investigate whether the plasma fibrinogen levels was related to carotid atherosclerosis in type 2 diabetic patients. METHODS: The sbjects of this study were 210 type 2 diabetic patients. The intima-media thickness (IMT) and plaques in the each segment of the both carotid arteries were evaluated by a duplex scan. The mean of the total IMT values (7 points on each side), the each mean value of the CCA, bulb and ICA, and the maximal IMT, plaque count and score were measured. The plaque score was defined by the sum of longitudinal diameters of each plaque. RESULTS: The correlation between the plasma fibrinogen level and measured IMT values was statistically insignificant (r<0.15, P>0.05). However, there were significant positive correlations between the level of fibrinogen and the plaque count (r=0.20, P=0.019) or plaque score (r=0.24, P=0.006). Stepwise multiple regression analysis revealed the level of plasma fibrinogen as a predictor of the plaque score. CONCLUSION: These results suggest that an elevated plasma fibrinogen level may be related with carotid atherosclerosis in type 2 diabetic patients. Also, there a need to address the discriminating risk factors for the formation or progression of plaques, or IMT thickening.
Role of Activation of NF- B and AP-1 by Oxidative Stress in Atherosclerosis in Diabetic Patients.
Chul Sik Kim, Geun Taek Lee, Jina Park, Min Ho Cho, Joo Young Nam, Jong Suk Park, Dol Mi Kim, Chul Woo Ahn, Bong Soo Cha, Sung Kil Lim, Kyung Rae Kim, Hyun Chul Lee
Korean Diabetes J. 2004;28(4):255-264.   Published online August 1, 2004
  • 1,526 View
  • 26 Download
AbstractAbstract PDF
BACKGROUND
The aim of this study was to evaluate the possible role of NF- B activation and AP-1 by oxidative stress in atherosclerosis in diabetic patients by measuring the carotid intima-media thickness, intracellular ROS generation and activation of transcription factors, including nuclear factor-kappa B (NF- B) and activator protein-1 (AP-1). METHODS: Sixty-six patients (28 males, 38 females; age 56.1 13.4 years; duration of diabetes 115.7 83.4 months) with type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM) were selected for this study. The DM patients included in this study were divided into those with a normal carotid intima-media thickness (Group II) and those with an increased intima-media thickness (Group III). 57 healthy controls matched for age and sex with the DM patients (Group I) were randomly selected. Dichlorodifluorescein (DCF)-sensitive intracellular ROS was measured by fluorescent spectrometry. The activities of NF- B and AP-1 in PBMCs were measured by an electrophoretic mobility shift assay. RESULTS: No differences were evident between the groups in terms of gender, age, BMI, blood pressure, total cholesterol, triglyceride, LDL-cholesterol and HDL-cholesterol. Spontaneous and H2O2 (or phorbol-12-myristate-13-acetate, PMA) stimulated ROS were significantly higher in the PBMCs from the DM patients with an increased intima-media thickness (Group III) than in those without (Group II), and were also higher in the control group (Group I). Moreover, the activities of NF- B and AP-1 were significantly higher in Group III than in Groups I or II. CONCLUSION: The present study demonstrates that intracellular ROS generation, and NF- B and AP-1 activation in PBMCs strongly correlates with the carotid artery IMT. These clinical results suggest that increased oxidative stress in PBMCs may play a role in the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis in DM patients .
The Correlation Between Femoral Artery Intima-Media Thickness (IMT) and Atherosclerotic Risk Factors in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Patients.
Ji Hyun Lee, Ho Sang Shon, Duck Soo Chung
Korean Diabetes J. 2003;27(6):467-475.   Published online December 1, 2003
  • 1,727 View
  • 22 Download
AbstractAbstract PDF
BACKGROUND
High resolution B-Mode ultrasound is increasingly used in epidemiological and clinical research to noninvasively study the atherosclerotic process in the carotid artery. An increase in the intimamedia thickness (IMT) of the carotid artery has previously been reported in patients with diabetes, compared with a control group, and is related to atherosclerotic risk factors. There have been few reports on the relationship between the IMT of the femoral artery, another large artery, and atherosclerotic risk factors in diabetic patients. The aim of the present investigation was to evaluate the relationship between the femoral artery IMT and the atherosclerotic risk factors in type 2 diabetics, and to assess if such a measurement might provide further information on the extent of the atherosclerotic disease in these patients. METHODS: The carotid and femoral IMT were measured using high resolution B-mode ultrasonography in 55 type 2 diabetes patients and 25 age- and sex-matched control subjects. The femoral artery was examined distal to the inguinal ligament, at the site the artery divides into the superficial femoral and the profound femoral arteries. At the same time, patient's characteristics, including height, weight, body mass index, blood pressure, duration of diabetes and histories of hypertension and smoking, were analyzed. Examinations of the laboratory parameters, such as serum glucose, HbA1C, lipid profile, blood urea nitrogen and serum creatinine, were included in this study. RESULTS: The carotid and femoral IMT values were significantly increased in the type 2 diabetes patients compared with the control subjects. There was a significant relationship between the IMT values of the two arteries in the diabetic patients (r=0.419, p< 0.001). In a simple regression analysis, age (r=0.534, p=0.001), systolic blood pressure (r=0.499, p=0.001), diastolic blood pressure (r=0.350, p=0.003), high density lipoprotein cholesterol (r=-0.262, p=0.037) and the serum creatinine level (r=0.280, p=0.020) were statistically significant for the femoral artery IMT value. In a multiple regression analysis, age, smoking and systolic blood pressure were statistically significant for the femoral artery IMT values in diabetic patients (R2=0.379). CONCLUSION: The femoral IMT values were significantly increased in the type 2 diabetes patients. Increases in the IMT of the femoral artery are affected by the atherosclerotic risk factors; age, smoking and blood pressure. Therefore, it is suggest that measurement of the femoral IMT, using high resolution B-mode ultrasonography, is also a useful method for the detection of macrovascular complications in type 2 diabetes patients.
The Effect of Growth Hormone on Insulin Resistance and Atherosclerotic Risk Factors in Obese Patients with Uncontrolled Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus.
Jae Hyun Nam, Soo Jee Yoon, Dol Mi Kim, Chul Sik Kim, Joo Young Nam, Jong Suk Park, Jina Park, Chul Woo Ahn, Suk Won Park, Bong Soo Cha, Young Duk Song, Sung Kil Lim, Kyung Rae Kim, Hyun Chul Lee, Kap Bum Huh
Korean Diabetes J. 2003;27(2):141-152.   Published online April 1, 2003
  • 3,395 View
  • 27 Download
AbstractAbstract PDF
BACKGROUND
Insulin resistance in visceral obesity constitutes a risk factor for the development of atherosclerosis. The insulin resistance in obese type 2 diabetic patients can be improved by a decrease in the visceral fat and an increase in the skeletal muscle, which may influence the insulin sensitivity. Growth hormone (GH) accelerates lipolysis and promotes protein conservation. The effects of GH therapy, with diet restriction, on lipolysis and protein anabolism, were evaluated, which may change body composition, insulin resistance and atherosclerotic risk factors in obese type 2 diabetes mellitus. METHODS: Sixteen obese type 2 diabetic patients (31~56yrs), who had high glucose levels (glucose 12.8+/-1.7 mmol/L, HbA1c 10.2+/-2.1%), were treated with recombinant human GH (GH; 1 unit/d, 5 times/week), diet restriction (25 kcal/kg ideal body weight/day) and exercise (250 kcal/day) for 12 weeks. They underwent anthropometric measurement, bioelectrical impedance for total body fat and lean body mass, as well as computed tomography, for visceral and subcutaneous fat, at the umbilicus and muscle area at the mid-thigh levels. All subjects underwent the test for GH response to hypoglycemia. The insulin sensitivity index (ISI) was measured using insulin tolerance tests (ITT). RESULTS: 1. The visceral fat area (VFA)/thigh muscle area (TMA) ratio was more decreased in the GH-treated group than in the control group, but there was no change of body weight. 2. The ISI was significantly increased in only the GH-treated group, which was negatively correlated with the VFA/TMA ratio. The serum free fatty acid, fibrinogen and plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 were significantly decreased after the GH treatment. The serum glucose level and HbA1c remained unchanged during the GH therapy, but were significantly decreased after 3 months. 3. The total cholesterol and triglyceride levels were decreased in the GH treated group. 4. The insulin-like growth factor-I, fasting c-peptide and insulin level were all significantly increased after the GH treatment. CONCLUSION: This study suggested that in type 2 diabetic patients, with insulin resistance and uncontrolled blood sugar, GH treatment caused a decrease in the visceral fat and an increase in the muscle mass, which could result in the improvement of the ISI, atherosclerotic risk factors and dyslipidemia.
High Sensitive C-reactive Protein and Carotid Intima Media Thickness in Korean Population.
Dae Jung Kim, Seung Hee Choi, Se Hwa Kim, Sang Su Chung, Chul Woo Ahn, Bong Soo Cha, Young Duk Song, Sung Kil Lim, Kyung Rae Kim, Hyun Chul Lee, Kap Bum Huh
Korean Diabetes J. 2003;27(1):49-62.   Published online February 1, 2003
  • 1,597 View
  • 27 Download
AbstractAbstract PDF
BACKGROUND
A chronic inflammatory response is an important component in the development and progression of atherosclerosis. Since the development of the high-sensitive C-reactive protein (hs-CRP) assay, the association between subtle increases in the hs-CRP concentration and the development of atherosclerosis, has recently been reported. In this study, the relationship between hs-CRP, conventional cardiovascular risk factors and carotid intima media thickness (IMT), were investigated, and whether hs-CRP concentrations analyzed to see if it could be used as an independent risk factor, of early subclinical atherosclerosis in apparently healthy subjects. METHODS: This report was conducted as part of the Korean Metabolic Syndrome Study. Of 1,230 individuals having undergone a routine check-up, 849 were selected, based on their medical history of cardiovascular diseases. The hs-CRP was measured by an ELISA method, using human anti-CRP (CRP II Latex X2, Denka Seiken, Japan). RESULTS: The distribution of the hs-CRP concentration was positively skewed, and the hs-CRP levels ranged from 0.10 to 43.7 mg/L (mean 2.06, median 0.77 mg/L). There were significant positive correlations between the hs-CRP and age, BMI, waist, BP, insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) and the TC/HDL-C ratio. From a multiple regression analysis, independent relationships between the hs-CRP and obesity, hypertension, age ( 60 years), current smoking, male and insulin resistance were found. There were positive correlations between the carotid IMT and age, BMI, waist circumference, SBP, DBP, TC, TG, LDL-C, fasting blood glucose, HOMA-IR and hs-CRP, and a negative correlation between the carotid IMT and the HDL-C. From the multiple regression analysis, independent relationships between the carotid IMT and age, SBP, TC/HDLc, HOMA-IR, waist circumference, and DBP also persisted. After adjusting for the conventional risk factors in the multiple regression, there was no longer a significant relationship between the hs-CRP and the carotid IMT. CONCLUSION: There were strong correlations between the hs-CRP and the conventional cardiovascular risk factors, especially with that of obesity. Also, a highly significant association was also found between the hs-CRP and the carotid IMT. However, the hs-CRP, per se, is not a major independent risk factor of early subclinical atherosclerosis in Koreans.
Insulin Resistance and severity of coronary artery diseases in Patients with Coronary Artery Diseases.
Dae Jung Kim, Jae Hyun Nam, Dong Hoon Choi, Hyeung Jin Kim, Soo Kyung Kim, Se Hwa Kim, Yumie Rhee, Chul Woo Ahn, Bong Soo Cha, Young Duk Song, Sung Kil Lim, Kyeong Rae Kim, Hyun Chul Lee, Kap Bum Huh
Korean Diabetes J. 2002;26(3):189-198.   Published online June 1, 2002
  • 1,753 View
  • 25 Download
AbstractAbstract PDF
BACKGROUND
Insulin resistance (IR) has been identified as a risk factor of atherosclerosis, which may be induced through a mechanism brought about by hypertension, obesity, glucose intolerance and dyslipidemia. The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between coronary artery disease (CAD) and insulin resistance. METHODS: Of 92 subjects having undergone coronary angiography 70 with significantly stenotic coronary artery were designated as the CAD group, with the other 22, without stenosis, as the control group. The CAD group was subdivided into 3 smaller groups according to the severity of their CAD; these being 1-vessel disease (group 1, n=31), 2-vessel disease (group 2, n=25), and 3-vessel disease (group 3, n=14). RESULTS: Kitt for patients with CAD was significantly lower than in the control group, and also for those in group 1 compared to groups 2 and 3, 2.72+/-1.29, 2.25+/-0.68 and 2.21+/-0.78%/min, with that of the controls being 3.01+/-1.22%/min p<0.05). There were significant differences between the IR group and the non-IR group in the common carotid artery intima-media thickness (1.09mm vs. 0.87mm, p<0.05), the waist-hip ratio (1.09 vs. 0.93, p<0.05) and the body fat contents (32% vs. 27%, p<0.05).Insulin resistance was assessed by the short insulin tolerance test, and the insulin resistance (IR) group was defined as having a Kitt less than 2.5%/min. CONCLUSION: These results suggest that insulin resistance is an important risk factor for CAD, and is related to the severity of coronary atherosclerosis.
Relationship Between Intimal-Medial Thickness (IMT) of the Carotid Artery and Atherosclerotic Risk Factors in Patients with type 2 Diabets Mellitus.
Yu Bae Ahn, So Lyung Jung, Seung Hyun Ko, Ki Ho Song, Hyun Shik Son, Kun Ho Yoon, Moo Il Kang, Bong Yun Cha, Kwang Woo Lee, Ho Young Son, Sung Koo Kang
Korean Diabetes J. 2001;25(2):142-151.   Published online April 1, 2001
  • 1,529 View
  • 22 Download
AbstractAbstract PDF
BACKGROUND
Diabetes mellitus is a major independent risk factor for atherosclerosis. In recent years non-invasive high resolution B-mode ultrasound methods have been developed to measure the IMT (intima-media thickness) of the carotid artery as an index for early atherosclerosis. The aims of this study were to measure IMT in type 2 diabetic patients, to investigate the relation of various cardiovascular risk factors to IMT, and to evaluate the difference in IMT according to presence of diabetic complication. METHODS: IMT was measured by ultrasound B-mode imaging in 300 subjects with type 2 diabetes mellitus (131 male, 169 female adults aged 53.4+/-9.5 years, duration of diabetes 7.4+/-6.3 years). All subjects underwent coronary artery disease (CAD) risk factors assessment and the presence of diabetic complications were evaluated. RESULT: There were positive correlations between IMT and age, duration of diabetes, LDL-C, systolic blood pressure and Lp (a) level. Multiple linear regression analysis demonstrated that in type 2 diabetic patients, the variables that interact independently with IMT were age, systolic blood pressure, levels of total cholesterol, HDL cholesterol and sex. IMT was significantly increased in type 2 diabetic patients with macrovascular complication regardless of presence of microvascular complication. But there was no significant difference in IMT according to Lp (a) level, presence of microalbuminuria, mode of treatment and glycemic control. CONCLUSION: The Intima-Media thickness of patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus was associated with age, systolic blood pressure, levels of total cholesterol, HDL-C and sex.
Atherosclerotic Severity and Risk Factors in Type 2 Diabetic Patients with Visceral (Metabolic) Obesity in Korea.
Jae Hyun Nam, Suk Won Park, Chul Woo Ahn, Young Duk Song, Sung Kil Lim, Kyung Rae Kim, Hyun Chul Lee, Kap Bum Huh
Korean Diabetes J. 2001;25(1):20-34.   Published online February 1, 2001
  • 1,597 View
  • 20 Download
AbstractAbstract PDF
BACKGROUND
Type 2 diabetes with hypertension and dyslipidemia are frequently associated with metabolic obesity. It is proposed that such individuals might be characterized by increased insulin resistance and visceral fat, and that macrovascular complications might be more common in these individuals. Thereofer, the aim of this study was to investigate the atherosclerotic severity and risk factors in type 2 diabetic patients with metabolic obesity (MO) in Korea. METHODS: Coronary artery calcification (CAC) score, intima-media thickness (IMT) of common carotid artery, and ankle-brachial pressure index (ABPI) were measured. Insulin sensitivity index (ISI) was also measured by the plasma glucose disappearance rate (kitt: %/min). RESULTS: 1. Among 530 type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM) patients, the percent of under-weight (UW), normal-weight (NW), over-weight (OW) and obese (OB) (BMI< 20, 20-25, 25-29.9 and >30, respectively) were 8.9%, 62.1%, 25.1% and 3.9%, respectively. Waist-hip ratio and systolic blood pressure (sBP) were significantly different among the groups according to BMI. Serum triglyceride (TG), HDL-C, free fatty acid (fFA), fibrinogen and fasting c-peptide were significantly different among the groups. The percents of patients with insulin resistance in UW, NW, OW and OB groups were 28%, 60%, 68% and 75%, respectively. The visceral fat area/subcutaneous fat area ratio and visceral fat area/thigh muscle area ratio were significantly increased according to ISI. 2. The patients with MO have above the median values of WHR (0.95 in men and 0.91 in women). sBP, TG, HDL-C, fFA,fibrinogen and ISI were significantly different between the patients with MO and the patients without MO. 3. In OW group as well as NW group, carotid IMT, ABPI and CAC score were significantly different between the patients with MO and the patients without MO. However, these were not different between NW group and OW group. CONCLUSION: In conclusion, this study suggest that patients with MO have more advanced atherosclerosis and aggravated risk profiles for atherosclerosis than those without MO, regardless of BMI.
Relation of Angiotensin Converting Enzyme (ACE) Gene Polymorphism to Insulin Sensitivity and Carotid Atherosclerosis in Female Nondiabetic Offspring of NIDDM Patients.
Jee Young Oh, Yeon Ah Sung, Nan Ho Kyung, Yeon Jin Jang
Korean Diabetes J. 1999;23(6):831-842.   Published online January 1, 2001
  • 1,337 View
  • 18 Download
AbstractAbstract PDF
BACKGROUND
Angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE) gene polymorphism has been known to related to atherosclerotic heart disease such as acute myocardial infarction or left ventricular hypertrophy, diabetic nephropathy or retinopathy, as well as, insulin sensitivity. However, an exact relationship between ACE gene polymorphism and aforementioned diseases have not been fully established. It has been suggested that NIDDM and atherosclerosis may have common pathogenesis since some of NIDDM patients already have atherosclerotic changes at the time of the initial diagnosis. Futhermore, offspring of NIDDM patients are considered as a high risk group for both NIDDM and atherosclerosis, and these two disorders are known to be affected by some common genetic factors. Therefore, in the present study, we planned to investigate, by analyzing female offspring of NIDDM patients (offspring), the relationship of ACE gene polymorphism to insulin resistance and atherosclerosis. METHODS: Fifty-three female offspring of patients with NIDDM were participated in this study, and twenty age-BMI matched normal glucose tolerant subjects without a family history of diabetes were selected as the controls. Based on 75-g oral glucose tolerance test, subjects were divided into normal glucose tolerance (n=42) or impaired glucose tolerance (n=ll). We assessed the patterns of body fat distribution by anthropometric measurement, bioelectric impedence analysis and computed tomogram; insulin sensitivity by minimal model analysis using insulin modified frequently sampled intravenous glucose tolerance test; carotid intima-medial thickness by ultrasonography. We investigated the alleles of the ACE gene by PCR. RESULT: 1. ACE genotypes in offspring were distributed as follows; 39.6% for II, 32.0% for ID, 28.4% for DD 55.7% for I al#lele, 44.3% for D allele. This distribution was not significantly different from those in controls (35.0% for II, 55.0% for ID, 10.0% for DD, 62.5% for I allele, and 37.5% for D allele). 2. There was no significant difference in body mass index (BMI), systolic and diastolic blood pressure, and serum lipid concentrations among three genotypes. However, in the subjects with ID genotype, VSR was significantly increased compared to the subjects with DD genotype (p<0.05). In the subjects with ID genotype, percent body fat, visceral fat area, CIMT were increased, and SI and SG were decreased in comparison to II and DD subjects, although the differences between the two groups did not reached the statistical significance. 3. When the subjects were divided into quartiles of CIMT, the frequency of ID genotype of ACE showed the tendency of increment from the lowest to the highest quartile of CIMT. 4. Multiple regression analysis showed that ACE genotypes was significantly associated with visceral obesity, carotid intima-medial thickening and insulin sensitivity. CONCLUSION: ACE genotypes was not significantly associated with visceral obesity, carotid intima- medial thickening and insulin sensitivity. However, to explore the true associations of ACE gene polymorphism with insulin resistance and ather-osclerosis, we further suggest and recommend prospective studies.
Associations of Carotid Intinma-Media Thickness Measured by High Resolution B-mode Ultrasonography and Atherosclerotic Risk Factors in NIDDM Patients.
Hyun Chul Lee, Jae Hyun Nam, Seong Kil Lim, Kap Bum Huh, Kyeong Rae Kim, Soo Yeon Nam, Seok Won Park, Churl Woo Ahn, Young Deuk Song, Dae Jung Kim, Young Guk Ko
Korean Diabetes J. 1999;23(3):234-242.   Published online January 1, 2001
  • 1,627 View
  • 21 Download
AbstractAbstract PDF
BACKGROUND
Atherosclerosis is more prevalent in diabetic patients, severe and wide spread than in non-diabetic subjects and clinically evident as macrovascular diseases such as coronary, cerebro- vascular and peripheral arterial diseases which are important causes of frequent morbidity and premature mortality. But atherosclerotic vascular lesions are not easily detectable, before they advanced and cause symptoms. Measurement of carotid Intima-Media thickness(IMT) by high- resolution B-mode ultrasonography is a useful, non-invasive method to detect early atherosclerotic vascular changes. In this study, we investigated associations of IMT with cardiovascular risk factors. METHODS: High-resolution B-mode ultrasonography was performed in 63 non-insulin-dependent diabetic patients in order to determine maximal and mean carotid IMT. Blood pressure, glucose, HbA total cholesterol, HDL cholesterol and triglyceride levels were measured on a regular basis in the last 12 months before the carotid ultrasonography. The mean and last values at the time of the carotid ultrasonography were analyzed in relationship to the IMT. RESULTS: Carotid IMT was increased in NIDDM patients with male sex, smoking habit and hypertension. Systolic blood pressure (r=0.252, p=0.050) and LDL cholesterol levels (r=0.273, p=0.031) at the time of carotid ultrasonography showed a correlation with the IMT. Mean triglyceride (r=0.368, p=0.018) and HbA1c>, levels (r=0.288, p=0.045) of the last 12 months were correlated with the IMT. CONCLUSION: Increased carotid IMT was associated with male sex, smoking, hypertension, systolic blood pressure, LDL cholesterol, mean HbA, and triglyceride levels.
Effect of Oxidized LDL on Neutrophil Adhesion and Transendothelial Migration.
Seok Man Son, In Ju Kim, Yong Ki Kim
Korean Diabetes J. 1999;23(1):12-24.   Published online January 1, 2001
  • 1,426 View
  • 18 Download
AbstractAbstract PDF
BACKGROUND
It is well recognized that oxidized low density lipoproteins (ox-LDL) play a critical role in the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis. The activation of circulating leukocytes and their adhesion to the vascular endothelium in response to acute stimuli characterize the first step in initiation of an acute inflammatory response. Through the action of degranulation products, adherent leukocytes induce vascular hyperpermeability and contribute to vascular injury. So, we have investigated the neutrophil adhesion to vascular endothelium, a constant feature of early atherogenesis and transendothelial migration of neutrophil induced by ox-LDL. METHOD: In a series of experiments, human umbilical vascular endothelial cells (HUVECs) were incubated for 24 h after addition of native human LDL (100 ug/mL) and of ox-LDL (100 ug/mL) to the medium. The adherence of 51Cr-labeled neutrophils to endothelial monolayers was measured by neutrophil adhesion assay. For diapedesis experiments, HUVECs were grown to confluence on 8.0um pore cell culture inserts. 51Cr-labeled neutrophils were added to the apical surface of HUVEC monolayers and allowed to migrate into the lower chamber for 3 h under the same preparations of native and oxidized LDLs. Reaults: The secretion of IL-8 depended on the concentration of IL-1a and LPS used to stimulate endothelial monolayers in vitro. In addition, ox-LDL triggered secretion of IL-8 from cultured HUVECs compared to that of n-LDL (867.6 pg/mL vs. 273.1 pg/mL, p<0.01). Increased adherence of neutrophils to HUVECs vs observed with ox-LDL preparation compared to native LDL preparation (36.8+1.5% vs. 25.9+1.7%, p<0.05). Similarly, neutrophil migration across cultured endothelial monolayers was also significantly increased by ox-LDL (48.7+3.8% vs. 34.4+2.9%, p<0.05). CONCLUSION: These results show that ox-LD1. can induce increased neutrophil adhesion and migration through IL-8, a potent effector of neutophil functions, secreted by stimulated endothelial cells. So, we suggest that ox-LDL may affect many components of the atherogenic process, including the early step in the initiation of m acute inflammation of vascular endothelial cells.
Elevated Levels of Soluble E-selectin and P-selectin in Patients with NIDDM.
Seok Dong Yoo, In Joo Kim, Yong Ki Kim
Korean Diabetes J. 1998;22(1):23-34.   Published online January 1, 2001
  • 1,289 View
  • 21 Download
AbstractAbstract PDF
BACKGROUND
Although there is wide spread agreement that patients with NIDDM are at increased risk of the premature development of atherosclerosis, it is not totally clear why this is so. This may be related to the interaction of blood leukocytes with vascular endothelium resulting from a loss of normal metabolic control. The adherence of leukocytes to the endothelium is at least partly mcdiated by cell adhesion molecules. In this study, we evaluated the level of soluble E-selectin and P-selectin in blood of normal controls and patients with NIDDM, and studied its relation to glycemic control and identifiable factors influencing the level of soluble E-selectin and P-selectin. METHODS: Serum soluble E-selectin and plasma soluble P-selectin levels were measured by ELISA method in 24 NIDDM patients without macrovascullar disease and 14 normal controls matched with age, sex and body mass index. Clinical characteristics and laboratory findings such as fasting plasma glucose, HbA1c and lipid profile were evaluated, and their relation with the levels of E-selectin and P-selectin was analized. RESULTS: 1) The levels of E-selectin and P-selectin in NIDDM patients were significantly higher than those of normal controls(55.69+21.97 vs. 42.11+13.57ng/ mL, P<0.05 for E-selectin, 41.60+20.90 vs. 27.16 +7.12ng/mL, P 0.01 for P-selectin). 2) The levels of E-selectin and P-selectin were positively correlated with the fasting plasma glucose level(r=0.400 P<0,05 for E-selectin, r=0.456 P<0.01 for P-selectin). They were also positively correlated with the levels of serum triglyceride(r=0.531 P<0.01 for E-selectin, r=0.415 P =0.05 for P-selectin) but not with the levels of serum total cholesterol, LDL and HDL cholestrol in NIDDM patients. 3) No significant correlation was noted between the levels of E-selectin or P-selectin and the duration of NIDDM. And the levels were not different according to the type of treatment. 4) E-selectin level, not P-selectin level, was significantly higher in the patients with nephropathy when compared to the patients without nephropathy. But such difference was not noted when the patients were classified according to the presence of retinopathy or neuropathy. 5) E-selectin level was positively correlated with P-selectin level in both NIDDM patients and normal controls(r=0.52, P<0.01). CONCLUSION: These findings suggest that endothelial dysfunction, revealed by increased cellular adhesion molecules, could play a role in the pathogenesis of diabetic atherosclerotic vascular disorders in NIDDM patients with increased fasting plasma glucose control and hypertriglyceridemia. In addition, elevated soluble E-selectin and P-selectin level in blood might be used as a marker of diabetic nephropathy.
The Effects of Troglitazone on Vascular Smooth Muscle Cell Proliferation.
Yun Jae Chung, Kyeong Min Min, Eun Young Oh, Jae Hoon Chung, Yong Ki Min, Myung Shik Lee, Moon Kyu Lee, Kwang Won Kim
Korean Diabetes J. 2000;24(3):348-355.   Published online January 1, 2001
  • 1,708 View
  • 19 Download
AbstractAbstract PDF
BACKGROUND
Elevated fasting and postprandial insulin levels are frequently observed in patients with obesity and hypertension as well as type 2 diabetes mellitus. This phenomenon has been suggested as an independent risk factors for atherosclerotic cardiovascular diseases. Troglitazone, an insulin-sensitizing antidiabetic agent, has been shown to inhibit atherosclerotic process, but its mechanism of action is not yet elucidated. This study was undertaken to examine the effects of troglitazone, a peroxisome proliferator- activated receptor- (PPAR ) ligand, on vascular smooth muscle cell proliferation. METHODS: Aortic smooth muscle cells were isolated from Sprague-Dawley rats and the effects of several different agonists (insulin, ET-I, IGF-I) on cellular DNA synthesis were measured and compared with the effects of troglitazone. In addition, the mRNA of PPARgamma gene in rat aortic smooth muscle cells(RASMCs) was detected by RT-PCR methods. RESULTS:1. Insulin, endothelin-I and IGF-I significantly stimulated DNA synthesis in RASMCs (p<0.05). 2. Insulin-induced DNA synthesis was not significantly inhibited by coincubation with wortmannin or LY294002 but inhibited by PD98059. 3. Troglitazone significantly inhibited insulin, endothelin-I and IGF-I-induced DNA synthesis in RASMCs (p<0.05, respectively). 4. PPAR mRNA was detected in RASMCs by RT-PCR and its expression did not significantly increase by troglitazone treatment. CONCLUSION: Troglitazone could inhibit agonist-induced proliferation of vascular smooth muscle cells and might be a useful agent for treatment as well as prevention of atherosclerosis.
An Autopsy Case of Diabetes Mellitus with Extensive Atherosclerotic Complication.
Seok Hyung Kim, Jeong Wook Seo, In Ae Park, Seong Hoe Park, Eui Keun Ham, Hyun Soon Lee
Korean Diabetes J. 2000;24(1):97-101.   Published online January 1, 2001
  • 1,416 View
  • 19 Download
AbstractAbstract PDF
BACKGROUND
A variety of circulatory abnormalities including atherosclerosis is a major complication of diabetes mellitus. In contrast to Western countries, incidence of extensive atherosclerotic complication is thought to be very low in Korean diabetic patients. METHODS: Recently, we have experienced an autopsy case of 66-year-old male with type 2 diabetes mellitus having severe atherosclerosis in major arteriss. RESULTS: Autopsy examination revealed severe ulcerative atherosclerosis in aorta and atheromatous embolization in numerous small and medium sized arteries of lung, kidney, liver, and intestine. Multiple old infarcts were noticed in myocardium and brain. In addition, severe diabetic nephropathy and pyelonephritis were also observed in kidneys. CONCLUSION: The cause of death in this case is assumed to be myocaridial infarction associated with obstruction of coronary arteries. This case suggests that incidence of extensive atherosclerosis in Korean diabetic patients may not be rare, if autopsy examination are performed more thoroughly on these patients.

Diabetes Metab J : Diabetes & Metabolism Journal
Close layer
TOP