1Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seongnam, Korea.
2Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.
Copyright © 2017 Korean Diabetes Association
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CONFLICTS OF INTEREST: No potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported.
Values are presented as mean±standard error or percentage (standard error).
BMI, body mass index; WC, waist circumference; SBP, systolic blood pressure; AST, aspartate transferase; ALT, alanine transferase; FPG, fasting plasma glucose; HbA1c, glycosylated hemoglobin; TC, total cholesterol; HDL-C, high density lipoprotein cholesterol; LDL-C, low density lipoprotein cholesterol; NA, not assessed.
aHbA1c levels were measured in adults aged ≥30 years in 1998 and 2000, in patients with diabetes mellitus from 2005 to 2010, and in subjects aged ≥10 years in 2011 and 2012.
Values are presented as percentage (standard error).
aThe 70- to 79-year-old group was divided into two groups, 70 to 75 and 76 to 79 years, to assess the percentages of people classified into the statin benefit group before and after the age of 75 years because the third and fourth criteria of the 2013 American College of Cardiology/American Heart Association guideline limits age to 40 to 75 years.
Parameter | I 1998 | II 2001 | III 2005 | IV 2007–2009 | V 2010–2012 |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Number | 7,698 | 5,654 | 5,269 | 15,727 | 16,304 |
Weighted no. | 3.10×107 | 2.87×107 | 3.42×107 | 3.35×107 | 3.40×107 |
Age, yr | 41.4±0.48 | 42.2±0.50 | 43.5±0.50 | 44.7±0.33 | 45.3±0.24 |
Male sex, % | 49.0 (0.5) | 48.7 (0.6) | 48.7 (0.7) | 49.2 (0.4) | 49.4 (0.4) |
BMI, kg/m2 | 23.1±0.06 | 23.4±0.07 | 23.6±0.08 | 23.6±0.05 | 23.7±0.04 |
WC, cm | 80.0±0.20 | 80.6±0.22 | 80.6±0.23 | 81.2±0.19 | 81.1±0.13 |
SBP, mm Hg | 124.4±0.42 | 121.6±0.46 | 117.7±0.44 | 115.3± 0.32 | 117.4±0.22 |
Hemoglobin, g/dL | 14.1±0.03 | 13.7±0.03 | 14.0±0.03 | 14.0±0.03 | 14.2±0.02 |
AST, IU/L | 27.9±0.31 | 22.1±0.22 | 24.2±0.27 | 22.5±0.21 | 22.3±0.14 |
ALT, IU/L | 28.4±0.42 | 20.4 ± 0.34 | 22.9 ± 0.45 | 22.6±0.32 | 22.1±0.25 |
Creatinine, mg/dL | 0.9±0.004 | 1.0±0.004 | 1.0±0.004 | 0.9±0.005 | 0.8±0.002 |
FPG, mg/dL | 99.9±0.64 | 96.3±0.44 | 93.5±0.40 | 96.2±0.33 | 96.5±0.23 |
HbA1c, %a | 5.1±0.02 | 5.7±0.02 | 7.4±0.11 | 7.3±0.05 | 5.7±0.01 |
TC, mg/dL | 185.9±0.78 | 186.0±0.73 | 182.6±0.77 | 185.7±0.58 | 188.2±0.42 |
Triglyceride, mg/dL | 120.2±1.58 | 135.2±1.78 | 121.3±1.86 | 125.1±1.44 | 129.9±1.19 |
HDL-C, mg/dL | 50.1±0.24 | 46.4±0.31 | 45.3±0.24 | 48.3±0.18 | 49.3±0.13 |
LDL-C, mg/dL | 112.2±0.70 | 112.5±0.64 | 113.1±0.65 | 112.5±0.49 | 114.3±0.34 |
Diabetes mellitus, % | 9.6 (0.5) | 8.7 (0.4) | 7.0 (0.4) | 8.4 (0.3) | 9.6 (0.3) |
Hypertension, % | 24.5 (0.7) | 22.3 (0.8) | 21.8 (0.8) | 20.8 (0.5) | 25.2 (0.5) |
Current smoker, % | 36.0 (0.6) | 31.9 (0.7) | 25.6 (0.8) | 26.3 (0.4) | 29.3 (0.5) |
Lipid-lowering therapy, % | NA | NA | 1.0 (0.1) | 2.5 (0.1) | 4.6 (0.2) |
Antihypertensive therapy, % | 7.0 (0.3) | 6.9 (0.4) | 10.6 (0.5) | 13.3 (0.3) | 14.9 (0.4) |
Variable | I 1998 | II 2001 | III 2005 | IV 2007–2009 | V 2010–2012 |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
ASCVDa | 1.4 (0.1) | 1.6 (0.2) | 3.5 (0.3) | 3.1 (0.2) | 3.3 (0.2) |
LDL-C ≥190 mg/dL | 1.7 (0.2) | 1.2 (0.2) | 1.1 (0.2) | 1.5 (0.2) | 1.6 (0.1) |
Diabetes mellitus | 4.8 (0.3) | 5.6 (0.3) | 4.9 (0.3) | 5.6 (0.2) | 6.1 (0.2) |
10-Year risk ≥7.5% | 9.1 (0.4) | 10.6 (0.5) | 11.3 (0.5) | 10.0 (0.3) | 11.0 (0.3) |
Adults eligible for statin therapy | 17.0 (0.7) | 19.0 (0.7) | 20.8 (0.7) | 20.2 (0.4) | 22.0 (0.5) |
Adults receiving lipid-lowering therapy | NA | NA | 1.0 (0.1) | 2.5 (0.1) | 4.6 (0.2) |
Age, yr | Men | Women | ||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
I 1998 | II 2001 | III 2005 | IV 2007–2009 | V 2010–2012 | I 1998 | II 2001 | III 2005 | IV 2007–2009 | V 2010–2012 | |
20–29 | 0.7 (0.3) | 0.9 (0.5) | 0.0 | 0.8 (0.3) | 0.6 (0.3) | 1.5 (0.5) | 0.5 (0.3) | 0.1 (0.1) | 0.7 (0.3) | 0.5 (0.3) |
30–39 | 1.9 (0.5) | 1.1 (0.5) | 0.8 (0.4) | 1.4 (0.3) | 2.4 (0.5) | 0.5 (0.2) | 1.1 (0.5) | 0.8 (0.4) | 1.0 (0.3) | 1.3 (0.4) |
40–49 | 19.4 (1.8) | 23.9 (2.0) | 21.4 (2.0) | 17.3 (1.2) | 17.0 (1.2) | 6.6 (1.0) | 5.6 (0.9) | 7.2 (1.3) | 6.5 (0.6) | 7.7 (0.8) |
50–59 | 56.5 (2.4) | 56.2 (3.2) | 59.3 (2.7) | 47.2 (1.7) | 50.0 (1.6) | 19.9 (1.8) | 18.9 (2.3) | 20.2 (2.2) | 16.3 (1.1) | 16.5 (1.0) |
60–69 | 79.7 (2.2) | 92.9 (1.5) | 91.1 (1.6) | 86.1 (1.4) | 89.1 (1.0) | 53.8 (2.6) | 56.5 (3.0) | 53.3 (2.7) | 49.7 (1.6) | 49.7 (1.5) |
70–79a | 60.1 (4.3) | 79.2 (3.9) | 74.3 (4.5) | 70.8 (1.9) | 72.4 (1.9) | 65.9 (3.3) | 66.9 (3.7) | 73.0 (3.3) | 67.9 (1.8) | 64.9 (1.8) |
70–75 | 82.3 (4.5) | 95.3 (2.5) | 94.6 (2.5) | 91.2 (1.3) | 93.9 (1.2) | 88.9 (2.4) | 95.6 (1.8) | 96.1 (1.6) | 93.9 (1.0) | 93.8 (0.9) |
76–79 | 3.4 (2.3) | 19.2 (7.8) | 2.7 (2.7) | 16.3 (3.1) | 19.1 (2.8) | 9.5 (4.1) | 5.5 (3.0) | 14.4 (3.9) | 18.2 (2.6) | 12.4 (2.0) |
≥80 | 13.6 (8.8) | 6.1 (4.8) | 5.7 (4.0) | 16.8 (3.5) | 20.1 (5.0) | 10.8 (4.6) | 3.8 (2.2) | 20.4 (6.2) | 11.6 (2.6) | 17.4 (3.0) |
Percentage of adults aged ≥20 years eligible for statin therapy, % | 20.7 (0.9) | 24.3 (1.1) | 25.8 (1.1) | 25.0 (1.3) | 27.7 (0.7) | 13.5 (0.7) | 13.9 (0.8) | 16.1 (0.8) | 15.5 (0.5) | 16.4 (0.5) |
Values are presented as mean±standard error or percentage (standard error). BMI, body mass index; WC, waist circumference; SBP, systolic blood pressure; AST, aspartate transferase; ALT, alanine transferase; FPG, fasting plasma glucose; HbA1c, glycosylated hemoglobin; TC, total cholesterol; HDL-C, high density lipoprotein cholesterol; LDL-C, low density lipoprotein
cholesterol; NA, not assessed. aHbA1c levels were measured in adults aged ≥30 years in 1998 and 2000, in patients with diabetes mellitus from 2005 to 2010, and in subjects aged ≥10 years in 2011 and 2012.
Values are presented as percentage (standard error). ASCVD, atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease; LDL-C, low density lipoprotein cholesterol; NA, not assessed. aASCVD was defined as previous history of angina, myocardial infarction, and stroke.
Values are presented as percentage (standard error). aThe 70- to 79-year-old group was divided into two groups, 70 to 75 and 76 to 79 years, to assess the percentages of people classified into the statin benefit group before and after the age of 75 years because the third and fourth criteria of the 2013 American College of Cardiology/American
Heart Association guideline limits age to 40 to 75 years.