Handberg et al. (2012) [73] |
Multicenter cross-sectional study; nondiabetic subjects (n=1,296) |
Study center, age, sex, smoking, alcohol, and glucose tolerance status |
Plasma sCD36 is associated with insulin resistance, carotid atherosclerosis and fatty liver. |
Handberg et al. (2006) [74] |
Cross-sectional study; healthy lean (n=10), healthy obese (n=11), and obese T2DM (n=10) |
NA |
Plasma sCD36 is associated with insulin resistance and glycemic control. |
Glintborg et al. (2008) [75] |
Prospective cohort study; reproductive age women with PCOS (n=30); 16weeks |
NA |
Pioglitazone treatment reduced plasma sCD36 and improved insulin sensitivity. |
Wang et al. (2009) [76] |
Prospective cohort study; community-based subjects (n=575); from baseline (2005–2007) to first f/u (2010–2012) |
Age, sex, smoking, alcohol, physical activity, education, and diabetes |
Plasma sCD36 is associated with adiposity (both subcutaneous and visceral), but not with liver fat content or non-alcoholic fatty liver disease. |
Kim et al. (2017) [77] |
Cross-sectional study; normal glucose tolerance (n=34), prediabetes (n=46), and T2DM (n=75) |
Age, sex, BMI, blood pressure, smoking, alcohol, non-HDL-C, and hs-CRP |
Plasma sCD36 index (ln [sCD36 (pg/mL)× FPG (mg/dL)/2]) is associated with the prevalence of T2DM. |
Pardina et al. (2017) [79] |
Observational study; obese subjects undergoing bariatric surgery (n=32); 12 months |
NA |
Bariatric surgery-induced weight loss downregulated hepatic CD36 expression |
Botha et al. (2018) [80] |
Observational study; obese subjects undergoing bariatric surgery (n=20); 3 months |
NA |
Bariatric surgery reduced the levels of CD36-bearing microvesicles of monocyte and endothelial origin. |
Al Dubayee et al. (2018) [81] |
Cross-sectional study; healthy lean (n=30), obese (n=30), obese newly diagnosed T2DM (n=20) and obese T2DM on metformin (n=30) |
NA |
mRNA expression of CD36 in peripheral blood mononuclear cells was increased in T2DM subjects, and metformin treatment reverted CD36 to levels comparable to lean subjects. |
Shiju et al. (2015) [82] |
Cross-sectional study; normal glucose tolerance (n=20), T2DM with normoal-buminuria (n=20) microalbuminuria (n=20), and macroalbuminuria (n=20) |
NA |
Urine and plasma sCD36 is associated with diabetic nephropathy. |
Castelblanco et al. (2019) [83] |
Cross-sectional study; nondiabetic (n=522), T1DM (n=255), and T2DM (n=276) |
Age, sex, hypertension, dyslipidemia, hematocrit, platelets |
Plasma sCD36 showed only a weak association with T2DM and no association with T1DM |
Wang et al. (2020) [84] |
Case-cohort study; T2DM cases (n=648) and randomly selected sub-cohort subjects (n=1,724); from baseline (1993– 1997) to 2011 |
Age, sex, smoking, alcohol, physical activity, and education |
Plasma sCD36 is associated with T2DM risk, but not independent of adiposity. |
Jiang et al. (2017) [85] |
Cross-sectional study; T2DM subjects (n=357) |
Age, sex, education, duration of T2DM, and hypertension |
Plasma sCD36 is associated with carotid IMT in T2DM. |
Handberg et al. (2008) [86] |
Cross-sectional study; subjects with high-grade internal carotid stenosis (n=62) |
NA |
Plasma sCD36 is increased in patients with symptomatic or instable carotid plaques. |
Wang et al. (2018) [87] |
Case-cohort study; incident CHD cases (n=1,963) and non-cases (n=1,759); from baseline (1993–1997) to 2008 |
Age, sex, BMI, smoking, alcohol, physical activity, education, self-reported hypercholesterolemia, and diabetes. |
Plasma sCD36 is not associated with CHD risk in the total population. |