Fig. 1Schematic summary of the regulation of liver type glucose transporter (glucose transporter type 2 [GLUT2]) and glucokinase (Gck) promoter. During the long journey to understand glucose homeostasis, main interest of my group was how glucose sensors, GLUT2 and glucokinase, are regulated by transcription factors. Tissue-specific study, and disease-specific alteration as well, revealed that many transcriptional factors are interconnected in the regulation of glucose sensor in liver. C/EBP, CCAAT/enhancer binding protein; PPARγ, peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ; RXRα, retinoid X receptor α; PPRE, PPARγ response element; SREBP-1c, sterol regulatory element binding protein-1c; SRE, sterol regulatory element; HNF1α, hepatocyte nuclear factor 1 α; HNF, hepatocyte nuclear factor; FOXA2, forkhead box A2; LXRα, liver X-receptor α; SHP, small heterodimer partner; L-GcK, liver glucokinase; TFE3, transcription factor E3; LXRE, liver X-receptor response element.
Fig. 2Role of cyclic AMP-responsive element-binding protein 3 (CREB3)-like 4 (CREB3L4) on the adipogenesis. (A) In preadipocytes, CREB3L4 acts as a negative regulator of adipogenesis by both regulating the stability of CCAAT/enhancer binding protein β (C/EBPβ) protein and increasing GATA binding protein 3 (GATA3) expression. (B) Proposed mechanism of action of CREB3L4 in prostate cancer progression. Adapted from Kim et al. [2426]. IBMX, 3-isobutyl-1-methylxanthine; AR, androgen receptor; IRE1α, inositol requiring enzyme 1α.
Table 1Summary of major research papers of my team
Year |
Journal |
Research subject |
Contributor(s) |
1995 |
Arch Biochem Biophys |
L-GLUT2 promoter cloning |
Ahn et al. [2] |
1998 |
Biochem J |
L-GLUT2 promoter, C/EBP |
Kim et al. [3] |
2000 |
J Biol Chem |
L-GLUT2 liver specific expression, HNF1&3 |
Cha et al. [4] |
2000 |
Diabetes |
L-GLUT2 promoter, PPRE |
Kim et al. [7] |
2002 |
Diabetes |
Β-Glucokinase, PPARγ |
Kim et al. [8] |
2004 |
Diabetes |
L-GcK promoter, PPARγ |
Kim et al. [10] |
2004 |
J Biol Chem |
L-GcK promoter, SREBP-1c |
Kim et al. [12] |
2005 |
Diabetes |
L-GLUT2 promoter, SREBP-1c |
Im et al. [13] |
2006 |
Biochem J |
GLUT4 promoter, SREBP-1c adipocytes |
Im et al. [14] |
2009 |
J Biol Chem |
L-GcK promoter, LXR, SREBP-1c, PPARγ |
Kim et al. [11] |
2011 |
J Biol Chem |
G6Pase promoter, PPARα |
Im et al. [18] |
2013 |
Diabetologia |
L-GcK gene, TFE3 |
Kim et al. [16] |
2013 |
Diabetologia |
Liver gluconeogenic gene, Txnip |
Jo et al. [23] |
2014 |
Cell Death Dis |
Adipogenesis and CREB3L4 |
Kim et al. [24] |
2015 |
Sci Rep |
L-GcK and GKRP acetylation |
Park et al. [21] |
2017 |
Sci Rep |
Prostate cancer and CREB3L4 |
Kim et al. [26] |
2018 |
BBA Mol Basis Dis |
Liver PREB and glucose homeostasis |
Park et al. [19] |