Diabetes & Metabolism Journal

From articles published in Diabetes & Metabolism Journal during the past two years (2022 ~ ).

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Clinical Efficacy of Sodium-Glucose Cotransporter 2 Inhibitor and Glucagon-Like Peptide-1 Receptor Agonist Combination Therapy in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: Real-World Study (Diabetes Metab J 2022;46: 658-62): Hwi Seung Kim, Woo Je Lee; Diabetes Metab J. 2022;46(4):665-666. Published online July 27, 2022; DOI: https://doi.org/10.4093/dmj.2022.0166; [Original]

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Type 2 diabetes mellitus pharmacological remission with dapagliflozin plus oral semaglutide
Maria Elena Lunati, Vincenzo Cimino, Davide Bernasconi, Alessandra Gandolfi, Paola Silvia Morpurgo, Camilla Tinari, Elisa Lazzaroni, Laura Baruffaldi, Milena Muratori, Laura Montefusco, Ida Pastore, Antonio Rossi, Ivano Giuseppe Franzetti, Fabrizio Murato
Pharmacological Research.2024; 199: 107040. CrossRef

Original Article

Type 1 Diabetes
Performance of Fast-Acting Aspart Insulin as Compared to Aspart Insulin in Insulin Pump for Managing Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus: A Meta-Analysis: Deep Dutta, Ritin Mohindra, Kunal Mahajan, Meha Sharma; Diabetes Metab J. 2023;47(1):72-81. Published online June 24, 2022; DOI: https://doi.org/10.4093/dmj.2022.0035

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Background
No meta-analysis has analysed efficacy and safety of fast-acting aspart insulin (FIAsp) with insulin pump in type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM).
Methods
Electronic databases were searched for randomised controlled trials (RCTs) involving T1DM patients on insulin pump receiving FIAsp in intervention arm, and placebo/active comparator insulin in control arm. Primary outcome was to evaluate changes in 1- and 2-hour post-prandial glucose (1hPPG and 2hPPG). Secondary outcomes were to evaluate alterations in percentage time with blood glucose <3.9 mmol/L (hypoglycaemia), time in range (TIR) blood glucose 3.9 to 10 mmol/L, insulin requirements and adverse events.
Results
Data from four RCTs involving 640 patients was analysed. FIAsp use in insulin pump was associated with significantly greater lowering of 1hPPG (mean difference [MD], –1.35 mmol/L; 95% confidence interval [CI], –1.72 to –0.98; P<0.01; I²=63%) and 2hPPG (MD, –1.19 mmol/L; 95% CI, –1.38 to –1.00; P<0.01; I²=0%) as compared to controls. TIR was comparable among groups (MD, 1.06%; 95% CI, –3.84 to 5.96; P=0.67; I²=70%). Duration of blood glucose <3.9 mmol/L was lower in FIAsp group, approaching significance (MD, –0.91%; 95% CI, –1.84 to 0.03; P=0.06; I²=0%). Total hypoglycaemic episodes (risk ratio [RR], 1.35; 95% CI, 0.55 to 3.31; P=0.51; I²=0%), severe hypoglycaemia (RR, 2.26; 95% CI, 0.77 to 6.66; P=0.14), infusion site reactions (RR, 1.35; 95% CI, 0.63 to 2.93; P=0.77; I²=0%), and treatment-emergent adverse events (RR, 1.13; 95% CI, 0.80 to 1.60; P=0.50; I²=0%) were comparable.
Conclusion
FIAsp use in insulin pump is associated with better post-prandial glycaemic control with no increased hypoglycaemia or glycaemic variability.

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Efficacy and Safety of Ultra-rapid Lispro Insulin in Managing Type-1 and Type-2 Diabetes: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Deep Dutta, Lakshmi Nagendra, Saptarshi Bhattacharya, Meha Sharma
Indian Journal of Endocrinology and Metabolism.2023; 27(6): 467. CrossRef

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Association between Metabolic Syndrome and Microvascular Complications in Chinese Adults with Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus (Diabetes Metab J 2022;46:93-103): Qianwen Huang, Sihui Luo; Diabetes Metab J. 2022;46(3):515-516. Published online May 25, 2022; DOI: https://doi.org/10.4093/dmj.2022.0149

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A CORRELAÇÃO ENTRE A SÍNDROME METABÓLICA E O DIABETES MELLITUS TIPO 2: UMA REVISÃO INTEGRATIVA
Bruna Veríssimo Lopes, Clarissa Maria Ferraço Neves, Lívia Spinassé Walfré, Daniel Pereira da Costa, Bruno Pandolfi Arruda, Luciene Lage da Motta
REVISTA FOCO.2024; 17(3): e4681. CrossRef

Short Communication

Technology/Device
Comparison of Laser and Conventional Lancing Devices for Blood Glucose Measurement Conformance and Patient Satisfaction in Diabetes Mellitus: Jung A Kim, Min Jeong Park, Eyun Song, Eun Roh, So Young Park, Da Young Lee, Jaeyoung Kim, Ji Hee Yu, Ji A Seo, Kyung Mook Choi, Sei Hyun Baik, Hye Jin Yoo, Nan Hee Kim; Diabetes Metab J. 2022;46(6):936-940. Published online March 30, 2022; DOI: https://doi.org/10.4093/dmj.2021.0293

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Self-monitoring of capillary blood glucose is important for controlling diabetes. Recently, a laser lancing device (LMT-1000) that can collect capillary blood without skin puncture was developed. We enrolled 150 patients with type 1 or 2 diabetes mellitus. Blood sampling was performed on the same finger on each hand using the LMT-1000 or a conventional lancet. The primary outcome was correlation between glucose values using the LMT-1000 and that using a lancet. And we compared the pain and satisfaction of the procedures. The capillary blood sampling success rates with the LMT-1000 and lancet were 99.3% and 100%, respectively. There was a positive correlation (r=0.974, P<0.001) between mean blood glucose levels in the LMT-1000 (175.8±63.0 mg/dL) and conventional lancet samples (172.5±63.6 mg/dL). LMT-1000 reduced puncture pain by 75.0% and increased satisfaction by 80.0% compared to a lancet. We demonstrated considerable consistency in blood glucose measurements between samples from the LMT-1000 and a lancet, but improved satisfaction and clinically significant pain reduction were observed with the LMT-1000 compared to those with a lancet.

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Comparison between a laser-lancing device and automatic incision lancet for capillary blood sampling from the heel of newborn infants: a randomized feasibility trial
Chul Kyu Yun, Eui Kyung Choi, Hyung Jin Kim, Jaeyoung Kim, Byung Cheol Park, Kyuhee Park, Byung Min Choi
Journal of Perinatology.2024;[Epub] CrossRef

Original Article

Metabolic Risk/Epidemiology
Sex Differences in the Effects of CDKAL1 Variants on Glycemic Control in Diabetic Patients: Findings from the Korean Genome and Epidemiology Study: Hye Ah Lee, Hyesook Park, Young Sun Hong; Diabetes Metab J. 2022;46(6):879-889. Published online February 8, 2022; DOI: https://doi.org/10.4093/dmj.2021.0265

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Background
Using long-term data from the Korean Genome and Epidemiology Study, we defined poor glycemic control and investigated possible risk factors, including variants related to type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). In addition, we evaluated interaction effects among risk factors for poor glycemic control.
Methods
Among 436 subjects with newly diagnosed diabetes, poor glycemic control was defined based on glycosylated hemoglobin trajectory patterns by group-based trajectory modeling. For the variants related to T2DM, genetic risk scores (GRSs) were calculated and divided into quartiles. Risk factors for poor glycemic control were assessed using a logistic regression model.
Results
Of the subjects, 43% were in the poor-glycemic-control group. Body mass index (BMI) and triglyceride (TG) were associated with poor glycemic control. The risk for poor glycemic control increased by 11.0% per 1 kg/m² increase in BMI and by 3.0% per 10 mg/dL increase in TG. The risk for GRS with poor glycemic control was sex-dependent (P_interaction=0.07), and a relationship by GRS quartiles was found in females but not in males. Moreover, the interaction effect was found to be significant on both additive and multiplicative scales. The interaction effect was evident in the variants of cyclin-dependent kinase 5 regulatory subunit-associated protein 1-like (CDKAL1).
Conclusion
Females with risk alleles of variants in CDKAL1 associated with T2DM had a higher risk for poor glycemic control than males.

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Hepatic Cdkal1 deletion regulates HDL catabolism and promotes reverse cholesterol transport
Dan Bi An, Soo-jin Ann, Seungmin Seok, Yura Kang, Sang-Hak Lee
Atherosclerosis.2023; 375: 21. CrossRef

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