Diabetes & Metabolism Journal

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A Potential Issue with Screening Prediabetes or Diabetes Using Serum Glucose: A Delay in Diagnosis: Jun Goo Kang, Cheol-Young Park, Sung-Hee Ihm, Sung Woo Park; Diabetes Metab J. 2016;40(5):414-417. Published online September 1, 2016; DOI: https://doi.org/10.4093/dmj.2016.40.5.414

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The aim of this study was to compare the fasting serum glucose level with the fasting plasma glucose level for diagnosing hyperglycemic states in real-life clinical situations. Additionally, we investigated a usual delay in sample processing and how such delays can impact the diagnosis of hyperglycemic states. Among 1,254 participants who had normoglycemia or impaired fasting glucose (IFG) assessed by the fasting serum glucose level, 20.9% were newly diagnosed with diabetes based on the plasma fasting glucose level. Of the participants with normoglycemia, 62.1% and 14.2% were newly diagnosed with IFG and diabetes, respectively, according to the plasma fasting glucose level. In our clinical laboratory for performing health examinations, the time delay from blood sampling to glycemic testing averaged 78±52 minutes. These findings show that the ordinary time delay for sample processing of the serum glucose for screening hyperglycemic states may be an important reason for these diagnoses to be underestimated in Korea.

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Original Article

Pathophysiology
Investigating Susceptibility to Diabetes Using Features of the Adipose Tissue in Response to In Utero Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons Exposure: Worlanyo E. Gato, Daniel A. Hunter, Shamaya L. Whitby, Christopher A. Mays, Wilson Yau; Diabetes Metab J. 2016;40(6):494-508. Published online August 12, 2016; DOI: https://doi.org/10.4093/dmj.2016.40.6.494

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106 Download
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Abstract PDF Supplementary Material PubReader

Background

In recent times, there has been an increase in the incidence of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) particularly in children. Adipocyte dysfunction provide a critical link between obesity and insulin resistance resulting in diabetes outcome. Further, environmental chemical exposure during early years of life might be a significant contributing factor to the increase in the incidence of T2DM. This study tests the idea that exposure to environmental contaminants (2-aminoanthracene [2AA]) in utero will show effects in the adipose tissue (AT) that signify T2DM vulnerability. 2AA is a polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon found in a variety of products.

Methods

To accomplish the study objective, pregnant dams were fed various amounts of 2AA adulterated diets from gestation through postnatal period. The neonates and older offspring were analyzed for diabetic-like genes in the ATs and analysis of serum glucose. Furthermore, weight monitoring, histopathology and immunohistochemical (IHC) staining for CD68 in AT, adipocyte size determination and adiponectin amounts in serum were undertaken.

Results

Up-regulation of adiponectin and interleukin-6 genes were noted in the pups and older rats. Combination of intrauterine 2AA toxicity with moderate high fat diet exhibited gene expression patterns similar to those of the neonates. Elevated serum glucose levels were noted in treated groups. IHC of the AT indicated no significant malformations; however, CD68+ cells were greater in the animals treated to 2AA. Similarly, mean sizes of the adipocytes were larger in treated and combined 2AA and moderate high fat animals. Adiponectin was reduced in 2AA groups.

Conclusion

From the preceding, it appears intrauterine 2AA disturbance, when combined with excess fat accumulation will lead to greater risk for the diabetic condition.

Citations

Citations to this article as recorded by

The Role of Persistent Organic Pollutants in Obesity: A Review of Laboratory and Epidemiological Studies
Jan Aaseth, Dragana Javorac, Aleksandra Djordjevic, Zorica Bulat, Anatoly Skalny, Irina Zaitseva, Michael Aschner, Alexey Tinkov
Toxics.2022; 10(2): 65. CrossRef
The Association between Urinary Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons Metabolites and Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus
Xue Wang, Ang Li, Qun Xu
International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health.2022; 19(13): 7605. CrossRef
Dietary ingestion of 2-aminoanthracene (2AA) and the risk for type-1 diabetes (T1D)
Isaiah Seise, Zachary A. Pilz, Moses Yeboah Kusi, Bethany Bogan, Brittany Jean McHale, Worlanyo E. Gato
Journal of Environmental Science and Health, Part A.2020; 55(14): 1638. CrossRef
Association of the IL6 Gene Polymorphism with Component Features of Metabolic Syndrome in Obese Subjects
Elham Barati, Hamideh Ghazizadeh, Fatemeh Sadabadi, Elham Kazemi, Gordon A. Ferns, Amir Avan, Majid Ghayour-Mobarhan
Biochemical Genetics.2019; 57(5): 695. CrossRef
The hepatic effects in dams that ingested 2-aminoanthracene during gestation and lactation
Raven E Ulieme, Surjania Awer, John C Stagg, Wilson Yau, Worlanyo E Gato
Toxicology and Industrial Health.2019; 35(9): 568. CrossRef

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