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Korean National Burden of Disease: The Importance of Diabetes Management
Chung-Nyun Kim, Yoon-Sun Jung, Young-Eun Kim, Minsu Ock, Seok-Jun Yoon
Diabetes Metab J. 2024;48(4):518-530.   Published online July 26, 2024
DOI: https://doi.org/10.4093/dmj.2024.0087
  • 2,286 View
  • 188 Download
AbstractAbstract PDFPubReader   ePub   
Diagnosing the current health status and disease burden in a population is crucial for public health interventions. The ability to compare the burden of different diseases through a single measure, such as disability-adjusted life years has become feasible and continues to be produced and updated through the Global Burden of Diseases (GBD) study. However, the disease burden values of the GBD study do not accurately reflect the unique situation in a specific country with various circumstances. In response, the Korean National Burden of Disease (KNBD) study was conducted to estimate the disease burden in Koreans by considering Korea’s cultural context and utilizing the available data sources at the national level. Both studies identified non-communicable diseases, such as diabetes mellitus (DM), as the primary cause of disease burden among Koreans. However, the extent of public health interventions currently being conducted by the central and local governments does not align with the severity of the disease burden. This review suggests that despite the high burden of DM in South Korea, the current policies may not fully address its impact, underscoring the need for expanded chronic disease management programs and a shift towards prevention-focused healthcare paradigms.
Original Articles
Epidemiology
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Diabetes Fact Sheets in Korea, 2018: An Appraisal of Current Status
Bo-Yeon Kim, Jong Chul Won, Jae Hyuk Lee, Hun-Sung Kim, Jung Hwan Park, Kyoung Hwa Ha, Kyu Chang Won, Dae Jung Kim, Kyong Soo Park
Diabetes Metab J. 2019;43(4):487-494.   Published online July 17, 2019
DOI: https://doi.org/10.4093/dmj.2019.0067
  • 12,958 View
  • 195 Download
  • 102 Web of Science
  • 106 Crossref
AbstractAbstract PDFPubReader   
Background

The objective of this study was to investigate the prevalence, management, and comorbidities of diabetes among Korean adults aged 30 years and older.

Methods

This study used 2013 to 2016 data from the Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, a nationally-representative survey of the Korean population. Diabetes was defined as fasting glucose ≥126 mg/dL, current use of antidiabetic medication, a previous history of diabetes, or glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c) ≥6.5%.

Results

In 2016, 14.4% (approximately 5.02 million) of Korean adults had diabetes. The prevalence of impaired fasting glucose was 25.3% (8.71 million). From 2013 to 2016, the awareness, control, and treatment rates for diabetes were 62.6%, 56.7%, and 25.1%, respectively. People with diabetes had the following comorbidities: obesity (50.4%), abdominal obesity (47.8%), hypertension (55.3%), and hypercholesterolemia (34.9%). The 25.1%, 68.4%, and 44.2% of people with diabetes achieved HbA1c <6.5%, blood pressure <140/85 mm Hg, and low density lipoprotein cholesterol <100 mg/dL. Only 8.4% of people with diabetes had good control of all three targets.

Conclusion

This study confirms that diabetes is as an important public health problem. Efforts should be made to increase awareness, detection, and comprehensive management of diabetes to reduce diabetes-related morbidity and mortality.

Citations

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Epidemiology
Relation between Baseline Height and New Diabetes Development: A Nationwide Population-Based Study
Eun-Jung Rhee, Jung-Hwan Cho, Hyemi Kwon, Se-Eun Park, Jin-Hyung Jung, Kyung-Do Han, Yong-Gyu Park, Yang-Hyun Kim, Won-Young Lee
Diabetes Metab J. 2019;43(6):794-803.   Published online March 22, 2019
DOI: https://doi.org/10.4093/dmj.2018.0184
  • 5,792 View
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AbstractAbstract PDFPubReader   
Background

Short stature and leg length are associated with risk of diabetes and obesity. However, it remains unclear whether this association is observed in Asians. We evaluated the association between short stature and increased risk for diabetes using the Korean National Health Screening (KNHS) dataset.

Methods

We assessed diabetes development in 2015 in 21,122,422 non-diabetic Koreans (mean age 43 years) enrolled in KNHS from 2009 to 2012 using International Classification of Diseases 10th (ICD-10) code and anti-diabetic medication prescription. Risk was measured in age- and sex-dependent quintile groups of baseline height (20 to 39, 40 to 59, ≥60 years).

Results

During median 5.6-year follow-up, 532,918 cases (2.5%) of diabetes occurred. The hazard ratio (HR) for diabetes development gradually increased from the 5th (reference) to 1st quintile group of baseline height after adjustment for confounding factors (1.000, 1.076 [1.067 to 1.085], 1.097 [1.088 to 1.107], 1.141 [1.132 to 1.151], 1.234 [1.224 to 1.244]), with similar results in analysis by sex. The HR per 5 cm height increase was lower than 1.00 only in those with fasting blood glucose (FBG) below 100 mg/dL (0.979 [0.975 to 0.983]), and in lean individuals (body mass index [BMI] 18.5 to 23 kg/m2: 0.993 [0.988 to 0.998]; BMI <18.5 kg/m2: 0.918 [0.9 to 0.935]).

Conclusion

Height was inversely associated with diabetes risk in this nationwide study of Korean adults. This association did not differ by sex, and was significant in lean individuals and those with normal FBG levels.

Citations

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Epidemiology
Article image
Diabetes Fact Sheet in Korea, 2016: An Appraisal of Current Status
Jong Chul Won, Jae Hyuk Lee, Jae Hyeon Kim, Eun Seok Kang, Kyu Chang Won, Dae Jung Kim, Moon-Kyu Lee
Diabetes Metab J. 2018;42(5):415-424.   Published online August 9, 2018
DOI: https://doi.org/10.4093/dmj.2018.0017
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  • 73 Web of Science
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AbstractAbstract PDFSupplementary MaterialPubReader   
Background

This report presents the recent prevalence and comorbidities related to diabetes in Korea by analyzing the nationally representative data.

Methods

Using data from the Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey for 2013 to 2014, the percentages and the total number of subjects over the age of 30 years with diabetes and prediabetes were estimated and applied to the National Population Census in 2014. Diagnosis of diabetes was based on fasting plasma glucose (≥126 mg/dL), current taking of antidiabetic medication, history of previous diabetes, or glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c) ≥6.5%. Impaired fasting glucose (IFG) was defined by fasting plasma glucose in the range of 100 to 125 mg/dL among those without diabetes.

Results

About 4.8 million (13.7%) Korean adults (≥30 years old) had diabetes, and about 8.3 million (24.8%) Korean adults had IFG. However, 29.3% of the subjects with diabetes are not aware of their condition. Of the subjects with diabetes, 48.6% and 54.7% were obese and hypertensive, respectively, and 31.6% had hypercholesterolemia. Although most subjects with diabetes (89.1%) were under medical treatment, and mostly being treated with oral hypoglycemic agents (80.2%), 10.8% have remained untreated. With respect to overall glycemic control, 43.5% reached the target of HbA1c <7%, whereas 23.3% reached the target when the standard was set to HbA1c <6.5%, according to the Korean Diabetes Association guideline.

Conclusion

Diabetes is a major public health threat in Korea, but a significant proportion of adults were not controlling their illness. We need comprehensive approaches to overcome the upcoming diabetes-related disease burden in Korea.

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    Diabetes, Obesity and Metabolism.2020; 22(4): 612.     CrossRef
  • Non-Exercise Based Estimation of Cardiorespiratory Fitness Mediates Associations between Comorbidities and Health-Related Quality of Life in Older Korean Adults with Diabetes
    Inhwan Lee, Shinuk Kim, Hyunsik Kang
    International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health.2020; 17(4): 1164.     CrossRef
  • γ-Linolenic Acid versus α-Lipoic Acid for Treating Painful Diabetic Neuropathy in Adults: A 12-Week, Double-Placebo, Randomized, Noninferiority Trial
    Jong Chul Won, Hyuk-Sang Kwon, Seong-Su Moon, Sung Wan Chun, Chong Hwa Kim, Ie Byung Park, In Joo Kim, Jihyun Lee, Bong Yun Cha, Tae Sun Park
    Diabetes & Metabolism Journal.2020; 44(4): 542.     CrossRef
  • Circulating myokine levels in different stages of glucose intolerance
    Kahui Park, Chul Woo Ahn, Jong Suk Park, YuSik Kim, Ji Sun Nam
    Medicine.2020; 99(8): e19235.     CrossRef
  • Associations among Obesity Degree, Glycemic Status, and Risk of Heart Failure in 9,720,220 Korean Adults
    Eun-Jung Rhee, Hyemi Kwon, Se Eun Park, Kyung-Do Han, Yong-Gyu Park, Yang-Hyun Kim, Won-Young Lee
    Diabetes & Metabolism Journal.2020; 44(4): 592.     CrossRef
  • The sweet spot: fasting glucose, cardiovascular disease, and mortality in older adults with diabetes: a nationwide population-based study
    Ji Hyun Lee, Kyungdo Han, Ji Hye Huh
    Cardiovascular Diabetology.2020;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • Glucose-Lowering Effect of Home-Delivered Therapeutic Meals in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes
    Jong Han Choi, Se Hee Min, Kyeong Hye Lim, Uoon Jeong Shin, Min-Seon Kim
    The Journal of Korean Diabetes.2020; 21(1): 46.     CrossRef
  • Fasting Plasma Glucose Level Independently Predicts the Mortality of Patients with Coronavirus Disease 2019 Infection: A Multicenter, Retrospective Cohort Study
    Min Cheol Chang, Jong-Moon Hwang, Jae-Han Jeon, Sang Gyu Kwak, Donghwi Park, Jun Sung Moon
    Endocrinology and Metabolism.2020; 35(3): 595.     CrossRef
  • Gender differences in adverse event reports associated with antidiabetic drugs
    Kyung-In Joung, Gyu-Won Jung, Han-Heui Park, Hyesung Lee, So-Hee Park, Ju-Young Shin
    Scientific Reports.2020;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • Relative fat mass at baseline and its early change may be a predictor of incident nonalcoholic fatty liver disease
    Hwi Young Kim, Su Jung Baik, Hye Ah Lee, Byoung Kwon Lee, Hye Sun Lee, Tae Hun Kim, Kwon Yoo
    Scientific Reports.2020;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • Peripheral Arterial Stiffness Increases the Risk of Progression of Renal Disease in Type 2 Diabetic Patients
    Tae Hoon Lim, Seung Min Chung, Dong Sung Lee, Se Ra Choi, Jun Sung Moon, Ji Sung Yoon, Kyu Chang Won, Hyoung Woo Lee
    Frontiers in Medicine.2020;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • Association of Urinary Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons and Diabetes in Korean Adults: Data from the Korean National Environmental Health Survey Cycle 2 (2012–2014)


    Yon Ju Nam, Shin-Hye Kim
    Diabetes, Metabolic Syndrome and Obesity: Targets and Therapy.2020; Volume 13: 3993.     CrossRef
  • Present and Future of Digital Health in Diabetes and Metabolic Disease
    Sang Youl Rhee, Chiweon Kim, Dong Wook Shin, Steven R. Steinhubl
    Diabetes & Metabolism Journal.2020; 44(6): 819.     CrossRef
  • Trends in the Incidence, Prevalence, and Mortality of End-Stage Kidney Disease in South Korea
    Min-Jeong Lee, Kyoung Hwa Ha, Dae Jung Kim, Inwhee Park
    Diabetes & Metabolism Journal.2020; 44(6): 933.     CrossRef
  • An evaluation of the impact of aggressive diabetes and hypertension management on chronic kidney diseases at the population level: a simulation analysis
    John Pastor Ansah, Shawn Tan Yi Wei, Tessa Lui Shi Min
    System Dynamics Review.2020; 36(4): 497.     CrossRef
  • Nationwide Trends in Pancreatitis and Pancreatic Cancer Risk Among Patients With Newly Diagnosed Type 2 Diabetes Receiving Dipeptidyl Peptidase 4 Inhibitors
    Minyoung Lee, Jiyu Sun, Minkyung Han, Yongin Cho, Ji-Yeon Lee, Chung Mo Nam, Eun Seok Kang
    Diabetes Care.2019; 42(11): 2057.     CrossRef
  • Clinical Efficacy and Parameters Affecting the Response to Dulaglutide Treatment in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes: A Retrospective, Real-World Data Study
    Jee Hee Yoo, Yun Kyung Cho, Jiwoo Lee, Hwi Seung Kim, Yu Mi Kang, Chang Hee Jung, Joong-Yeol Park, Woo Je Lee
    Diabetes Therapy.2019; 10(4): 1453.     CrossRef
  • Diabetes and the Risk of Infection: A National Cohort Study
    Eun Jin Kim, Kyoung Hwa Ha, Dae Jung Kim, Young Hwa Choi
    Diabetes & Metabolism Journal.2019; 43(6): 804.     CrossRef
  • Current Management of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus in Primary Care Clinics in Korea
    Da Hea Seo, Shinae Kang, Yong-ho Lee, Jung Yoon Ha, Jong Suk Park, Byoung-Wan Lee, Eun Seok Kang, Chul Woo Ahn, Bong-Soo Cha
    Endocrinology and Metabolism.2019; 34(3): 282.     CrossRef
  • Effects of Blood Pressure and Glucose Levels on Visual Acuity
    Dae-Jong Kim
    Journal of Korean Ophthalmic Optics Society.2019; 24(2): 181.     CrossRef
  • An evaluation of the impact of aggressive hypertension, diabetes and smoking cessation management on CVD outcomes at the population level: a dynamic simulation analysis
    John Pastor Ansah, Ryan Leung Hoe Inn, Salman Ahmad
    BMC Public Health.2019;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • Retracted : Angelica polysaccharide alleviates TNF‐α‐induced MIN6 cell damage a through the up‐regulation microRNA‐143
    Yingying Zhao, Chuanqian Liu, Xueting Zhang, Xipeng Yan
    BioFactors.2019;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • Poor Control of Blood Glucose, Lifestyle, and Cardiometabolic Parameters in Younger Adult Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus
    Ga Eun Nam, Byoungduck Han, Chae Lin Joo, Seo Young Kang, Jisun Lim, Yang-Hyun Kim, Hye Soon Park
    Journal of Clinical Medicine.2019; 8(9): 1405.     CrossRef
  • Frailty and Disability in Diabetes
    Sol-Ji Yoon, Kwang-il Kim
    Annals of Geriatric Medicine and Research.2019; 23(4): 165.     CrossRef
  • A Case Report of Increased Blood Sugar in a Diabetic Patient Treated with Socheongryong-tang
    Youngji Kim, Juyeon Song, Seungcheol Hong, Song-won Park, Hakkyeom Kim, Lib Ahn, Dong-jun Choi
    The Journal of Internal Korean Medicine.2019; 40(5): 929.     CrossRef
  • A comparison of sotagliflozin therapy for diabetes mellitus between week 24 with week 52
    Nie Zhang, Zhi-Qun Gu, Yun-Long Ding, Liu Yang, Mao-Bing Chen, Qi-Han Zheng
    Medicine.2019; 98(47): e17976.     CrossRef
  • 2019 Clinical Practice Guidelines for Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus in Korea
    Mee Kyoung Kim, Seung-Hyun Ko, Bo-Yeon Kim, Eun Seok Kang, Junghyun Noh, Soo-Kyung Kim, Seok-O Park, Kyu Yeon Hur, Suk Chon, Min Kyong Moon, Nan-Hee Kim, Sang Yong Kim, Sang Youl Rhee, Kang-Woo Lee, Jae Hyeon Kim, Eun-Jung Rhee, SungWan Chun, Sung Hoon Yu
    Diabetes & Metabolism Journal.2019; 43(4): 398.     CrossRef
  • Letter: Comparison of the Efficacy of Rosuvastatin Monotherapy 20 mg with Rosuvastatin 5 mg and Ezetimibe 10 mg Combination Therapy on Lipid Parameters in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (Diabetes Metab J2019;43:582–9)
    Tae Seo Sohn
    Diabetes & Metabolism Journal.2019; 43(6): 909.     CrossRef
  • The Need to Improve the Quality of Diabetes Care in Korea
    Seung Jin Han, Dae Jung Kim
    Journal of Korean Medical Science.2019;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • Letter: Projection of Diabetes Prevalence in Korean Adults for the Year 2030 Using Risk Factors Identified from National Data (Diabetes Metab J 2019;43:90–6)
    Bo Kyung Koo
    Diabetes & Metabolism Journal.2019; 43(2): 242.     CrossRef
  • Letter: Efficacy and Safety of Voglibose Plus Metformin in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: A Randomized Controlled Trial (Diabetes Metab J 2019;43;276-86)
    Hannah Seok, Tae Seo Sohn
    Diabetes & Metabolism Journal.2019; 43(4): 545.     CrossRef
  • Teneligliptin versus sitagliptin in Korean patients with type 2 diabetes inadequately controlled with metformin and glimepiride: A randomized, double‐blind, non‐inferiority trial
    Yonghyun Kim, Eun Seok Kang, Hak Chul Jang, Dong Jun Kim, Taekeun Oh, Eun Sook Kim, Nan‐Hee Kim, Kyung Mook Choi, Sung‐Rae Kim, JiYoung You, Se‐Jin Kim, Moon‐Kyu Lee
    Diabetes, Obesity and Metabolism.2019; 21(3): 631.     CrossRef
  • Nationwide trends in the epidemiology of diabetic foot complications and lower-extremity amputation over an 8-year period
    Cheng-Wei Lin, David G Armstrong, Chia-Hung Lin, Pi-Hua Liu, Shih-Yuan Hung, Shu-Ru Lee, Chung-Huei Huang, Yu-Yao Huang
    BMJ Open Diabetes Research & Care.2019; 7(1): e000795.     CrossRef
  • Fifty Years of Compassionate Care and Harmonious Collaboration of the Korean Diabetes Association: The 50th Anniversary of Korean Diabetes Association
    Jong Chul Won, Eun-Jung Rhee, Hyung Joon Yoo
    Diabetes & Metabolism Journal.2018; 42(6): 475.     CrossRef

Diabetes Metab J : Diabetes & Metabolism Journal
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