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Original Article
Smaller Mean LDL Particle Size and Higher Proportion of Small Dense LDL in Korean Type 2 Diabetic Patients
Sunghwan Suh, Hyung-Doo Park, Se Won Kim, Ji Cheol Bae, Alice Hyun-Kyung Tan, Hye Soo Chung, Kyu Yeon Hur, Jae Hyeon Kim, Kwang-Won Kim, Moon-Kyu Lee
Diabetes Metab J. 2011;35(5):536-542.   Published online October 31, 2011
DOI: https://doi.org/10.4093/dmj.2011.35.5.536
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  • 15 Crossref
AbstractAbstract PDFPubReader   
Background

Small dense low density lipoprotein (sdLDL) has recently emerged as an important risk factor of coronary heart disease.

Methods

The mean LDL particle size was measured in 203 patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and 212 matched subjects without diabetes using polyacrylamide tube gel electrophoresis. Major vascular complications were defined as stroke, angiographically-documented coronary artery disease or a myocardial infarction. Peripheral vascular stenosis, carotid artery stenosis (≥50% in diameter) or carotid artery plaque were considered minor vascular complications. Overall vascular complications included both major and minor vascular complications.

Results

Diabetic patients had significantly smaller mean-LDL particle size (26.32 nm vs. 26.49 nm) and a higher percentage of sdLDL to total LDL compared to those of subjects without diabetes (21.39% vs. 6.34%). The independent predictors of sdLDL in this study were serum triglyceride level and body mass index (odds ratio [OR], 1.020 with P<0.001 and OR 1.152 with P<0.027, respectively). However, no significant correlations were found between sdLDL and major vascular complications (P=0.342), minor vascular complications (P=0.573) or overall vascular complications (P=0.262) in diabetic subjects.

Conclusion

Diabetic patients had a smaller mean-LDL particle size and higher proportion of sdLDL compared to those of subjects without diabetes. Obese diabetic patients with hypertriglyceridemia have an increased risk for atherogenic small dense LDL. However, we could not verify an association between LDL particle size and vascular complications in this study.

Citations

Citations to this article as recorded by  
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    Clinica Chimica Acta.2024; 557: 117897.     CrossRef
  • Nrf2 Signaling Pathway as a Key to Treatment for Diabetic Dyslipidemia and Atherosclerosis
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    International Journal of Molecular Sciences.2024; 25(11): 5831.     CrossRef
  • Association between measured or calculated small dense low‐density lipoprotein cholesterol and oxidized low‐density lipoprotein in subjects with or without type 2 diabetes mellitus
    Hyun‐Ki Kim, Jinyoung Hong, Sunyoung Ahn, Woochang Lee, Sail Chun, Won‐Ki Min
    Journal of Clinical Laboratory Analysis.2023;[Epub]     CrossRef
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  • Atherogenic Index of Plasma and Its Association with Risk Factors of Coronary Artery Disease and Nutrient Intake in Korean Adult Men: The 2013–2014 KNHANES
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    Nutrients.2022; 14(5): 1071.     CrossRef
  • The Atherogenic Index of Plasma: A Powerful and Reliable Predictor for Coronary Artery Disease in Patients With Type 2 Diabetes
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    Angiology.2021; 72(10): 934.     CrossRef
  • Direct bilirubin is associated with low-density lipoprotein subfractions and particle size in overweight and centrally obese women
    Y.-J. Kwon, H.-S. Lee, J.-W. Lee
    Nutrition, Metabolism and Cardiovascular Diseases.2018; 28(10): 1021.     CrossRef
  • Correlation between Cholesterol, Triglycerides, Calculated, and Measured Lipoproteins: Whether Calculated Small Density Lipoprotein Fraction Predicts Cardiovascular Risks
    Sikandar Hayat Khan, Nadeem Fazal, Athar Abbas Gilani Shah, Syed Mohsin Manzoor, Naveed Asif, Aamir Ijaz, Najmusaqib Khan Niazi, Muhammad Yasir
    Journal of Lipids.2017; 2017: 1.     CrossRef
  • Effects of Small Dense LDL in Diabetic Nephropathy in Females with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus
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    Journal of Lipid and Atherosclerosis.2016; 5(1): 11.     CrossRef
  • Prepregnancy Adverse Lipid Profile and Subsequent Risk of Gestational Diabetes
    Emily S. Han, Ronald M. Krauss, Fei Xu, Sneha B. Sridhar, Assiamira Ferrara, Charles P. Quesenberry, Monique M. Hedderson
    The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism.2016; 101(7): 2721.     CrossRef
  • Meta-analysis of Atherogenic Index of Plasma and other lipid parameters in relation to risk of type 2 diabetes mellitus
    Xiao-Wei Zhu, Fei-Yan Deng, Shu-Feng Lei
    Primary Care Diabetes.2015; 9(1): 60.     CrossRef
  • Higher levels of small dense low‐density lipoprotein (LDL) are associated with cardiac autonomic neuropathy in patients with Type 2 diabetes
    E.‐H. Jang, Y.‐M. Park, J. Hur, M.‐K. Kim, S.‐H. Ko, K.‐H. Baek, K.‐H. Song, K.‐W. Lee, H.‐S. Kwon
    Diabetic Medicine.2013; 30(6): 694.     CrossRef
  • Sleep Status and Low-Density Lipoprotein Particle Size in a General Japanese Female Population: The Mima Study
    Kazuhiko Kotani, Kokoro Tsuzaki, Shinji Fujiwara, Naoki Sakane
    Medical Principles and Practice.2013; 22(5): 510.     CrossRef
  • Serum small-dense LDL abnormalities in chronic renal disease patients
    M. Chu, A. Y. M. Wang, I. H. S. Chan, S. H. Chui, C. W. K. Lam
    British Journal of Biomedical Science.2012; 69(3): 99.     CrossRef
  • Small Dense Low-density Lipoprotein and Cardiovascular Disease
    Sunghwan Suh, Moon-Kyu Lee
    Journal of Lipid and Atherosclerosis.2012; 1(1): 1.     CrossRef

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