Diabetes & Metabolism Journal

Volume 26(2); April 2002

Review

Gene Therapy for the Prevention of Autoimmune Diabetes.: Kyung Soo Ko; Korean Diabetes J. 2002;26(2):75-86. Published online April 1, 2002

748 View
16 Download

Abstract PDF: No abstract available.

Editorial

The effect of advanced glycation and products on the proliferation of vascular smooth muscle cell.: Hye Soon Kim, In Kyu Lee; Korean Diabetes J. 2002;26(2):87-90. Published online April 1, 2002

702 View
16 Download

Abstract PDF: No abstract available.

Original Articles

Effect of Advanced Glycation End Products on Rat Aortic Vascular Smooth Muscle Cells.: Jin Young Song, Sung Hee Ihm, Ji Young Suh, Young Joong Cho, Hyung Joon Yoo, Sung Woo Park, Ja Hei Ihm; Korean Diabetes J. 2002;26(2):91-99. Published online April 1, 2002

1,166 View
19 Download

Abstract PDF: BACKGROUND
Diabetes mellitus is an epidemiologically proven risk factor for atherosclerosis. Advanced glycation end products (AGE) have been implicated in the pathogenesis of many diabetic vascular complications. AGE not only change the physicochemical properties of proteins, but also induce a wide range of cell-mediated responses. However, biological effects of AGE on the vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) have not been fully explained despite of presence of an AGE-receptor on the VSMCs. METHODS: In order to test whether AGE promotes atherosclerosis by stimulation of the growth promoting signal transduction pathways in the VSMCs, the proliferation of rat aortic VSMCs cultured in the presence of AGE-BSA with/without anti-AGE antibodies, the MAP kinase inhibitor and antioxidants was measured. The VSMCs (1 x 104 cells in 24-well plates) isolated from the aorta of Sprague-Dawley rats were incubated for 48 hours and the proliferation was assessed by a MTT assay. RESULTS: AGE-BSA increased the proliferation of rat aortic VSMCs by 1.5~1.6 fold at the g/mL level. The stimulatory effect of AGE-BSA (5 microgram/mL) was blocked by the anti-AGE antibodies (100 microgram/mL). PD98059 at 50 M inhibited the AGE - BSA - induced VSMC proliferation, suggesting that MAP kinase activation might be responsible for the proliferative response of the VSMCs to AGE. AGE - BSA - induced VSMC proliferation was also attenuated by N-acetylcysteine (1 micro M) and butylated hydroxyanisole (10 micro M), implying that increased intracellular oxidative stress might be also involved in the proliferative response to AGE. CONCLUSION: These results suggest AGE play a role in diabetic atherosclerosis by stimulating of the growth promoting signal transduction pathways in the VSMCs.

Plasma Leptin Concentration, Obesity, and Insulin Resistance in Healthy Korean Population.: Dong Lim Kim, Nan Hee Kim, Dong Hyun Shin, Sin Gon Kim, Kyung Mook Choi, Jin Kwan Kim, Chol Shin, Seung Gwan Lee, Sei Hyun Baik, Dong Seop Choi; Korean Diabetes J. 2002;26(2):100-111. Published online April 1, 2002

1,067 View
18 Download

Abstract PDF: BACKGROUND
Leptin is a hormone that regulates food intake and body weight. It has been demonstrated that the plasma leptin levels correlates with body adiposity. Increased adiposity is accompanied by a low insulin sensitivity, which turns into insulin resistance. Recent studies suggest a complex interrelationship between leptin and insulin or insulin resistance. Therefore, the relationship between leptin and the variables of body adiposity, and insulin resistance in a non-diabetic population was examined. METHODS: 555 healthy non-diabetic people aged 20 to 80 were enrolled in this study. Leptin was measured by the mean radioimmunoassay. Multiple logistic regression analysis was performed with leptin as a dependent variable and with age, sex, BP, the lipid profile, the fasting plasma glucose levels, HOMA-IR and the trunk fat contents as independent variables. RESULTS: The plasma leptin concentrations were higher in women than in men. The leptin concentrations correlated with the body fat content, BMI and HOMA-IR but, less so with age, the fasting plasma glucose levels, the postprandial glucose levels, total cholesterol and LDL-cholesterol levels. After adjusting for the body mass index, the leptin levels significantly correlated with both the body fat content and the HOMA-IR. The results between males and females were similar when the data was analyzed after dividing by gender. Gender, the trunk fat content, HOMA-IR, and the total cholesterol and HDL cholesterol levels were independent variables which influences the log transformed leptin in multiple logistic regression analysis. When the subjects were grouped according to the number of insulin resistance syndrome including dyslipidemia, obesity, hypertension, and glucose intolerance, there was a linear increase in the leptin concentration with an increase in the number of the components of insulin resistance syndrome. CONCLUSION: The plasma leptin concentrations are related to adiposity, insulin resistance, and dyslipidemia in the non-diabetic Korean population. The relationship between leptin and insulin resistance independent of body fat suggests that insulin resistance might play some role in the development of hyperleptinemia and vice versa

Relationship between Serum Homocysteine Levels and Vascular Complications in Type 2 Diabetic Patients.: Seung Jin Choi, Jae Taek Kim, Yeon Sahng Oh, Soon Hyun Shinn; Korean Diabetes J. 2002;26(2):112-125. Published online April 1, 2002

846 View
18 Download

Abstract PDF: BACKGROUND
Chronic complications in type 2 diabetic patients have microvascular and macrovascular components. Previous studies have shown that incidence of macrovascular complications correlates with the serum homocysteine levels, but the relationship is unclear. In addition, the connection between the microvascular complications and the serum homocysteine levels is still obscure and controversial. In this study, the relationship between the serum homocysteine levels and microvascular and macrovascular complications were evaluated in type 2 diabetic patients. METHODS: In 58 type 2 diabetic patients, the serum homocysteine levels, folic acid levels, Vit B12 levels, PAI-1 levels, the standard risk factors for macrovascular complications, the fasting serum glucose levels, the HbA1C levels, and the fasting insulin and C-peptide concentrations, the renal function tests, and the carotid intima-media thickness were measured and the relationship between them and the serum homocysteine level was analyzed according to the presence and absence of macrovascular and microvascular complications. RESULTS: 1) In type 2 diabetic patients, the mean serum homocysteine level was 9.9+/-.2 mol/L. The serum homocysteine level showed no relationship with the clinical and biochemical variables including the risk factors for atherosclerosis except the serum creatinine and creatinine clearance. 2) The maximum, minimum, and mean of the intima- media thickness of right carotid artery were 4.00+/-.20, 0.50+/-.04, 1.04+/-.62 mm, of left carotid artery were 3.54+/-.00, 0.31+/-.02, 1.03+/-.55 mm, and means were 3.77+/-.10, 0.44+/-.03, 1.03+/-.54 mm, and correlated with the serum homocysteine leve l (p=0.03), but only the serum LDL cholesterol level independently correlated with the intima-media thickness (p=0.04). 3) The serum homocysteine level (p=0.01) and intima-media thickness (p<0.01) was significantly higher in type 2 diabetic patients with macrovascular complications than without it. 4) The serum homocysteine level did not correlate with the incidence microvascular complications, but the intima-media thickness did correlate with diabetic nephropathy (p=0.03). CONCLUSIONS: The serum homocysteine level did not correlated with the incidence of diabetic microvascular complications. However, there was a small correlation with the risk factors of macrovascular complications. The intima- media thickness correlated with the incidence of macrovascular complications, and the relationship with diabetic nephropathy requires further study.

Therapeutic Effect of Amomum xanthoides Extract on Experimental Diabetes Induced by Alloxan.: Hye Won Rho, Jina Lee, Bon Sun Koo, Zheng Lim Zhao, Jin Woo Park, Hyung Rho Kim; Korean Diabetes J. 2002;26(2):126-133. Published online April 1, 2002

792 View
17 Download

Abstract PDF: BACKGROUND
During the screening of natural products for potential anti- diabetogenic components, a strong protective effect of Amomum xanthoides extract on alloxan-induced beta-cell damage and in a mice diabetic model. In this study, the therapeutic effect of Amomum xanthoides extract was investigated after induction of diabetes by alloxan. METHODS: Experimental diabetes was induced by the injection of alloxan (60 mg/kg) to the mouse via the tail vein. To examine the effect the of Amomum xanthoides extract on diabetes, Amomum xanthoides extract (2.5 mg/mouse) was admini- strated intraperitoneally. The effect of the Amomum xanthoides extract on alloxan- induced diabetes was observed by measuring the blood glucose and serum insulin level, and a histological examination. RESULTS: Alloxan caused hyperglycemia and hypoinsulinemia by a selectively destroying pancreatic beta-cell. Pretreating the with an Amomum xanthoides extract completely protected them from the hyperglycemia induced by alloxan. In addition, the Amomum xanthoides extract administe 3 days after the of alloxan injection significantly abolished the hyperglycemia and hypoinsulinemia induced by alloxan. the alloxan-treated mice showed a marked change of in the pancreatic islets: the number of islets was reduced and the size of the remaining islets also decreased. However these effects of alloxan were significantly recovered by a later administration of the Amomum xanthoides extract. CONCLUSION: The amomum xanthoides extract contains potentially effective components, which both protect and treat alloxan-induced diabetes. The identification and action mechanism of the effective components of the Amomum xanthoides extract requires further investigation and it is suggested that the Amomum xanthoides extract be used as a therapeutic drug for diabetes.

Randomized Controlled Trial

Comparative Study about the Effects of Acarbose and Voglibose in Type 2 Diabetic Patients.: In Kyung Jeong, Jae Hoon Chung, Yong Ki Min, Myung Shik Lee, Moon Kyu Lee, Kwang Won Kim, Yun Ey Chung, Joong Yeol Park, Sung Kwan Hong, Ki Up Lee; Korean Diabetes J. 2002;26(2):134-145. Published online April 1, 2002

1,212 View
35 Download

Abstract PDF: BACKGROUND
Acarbose and voglibose are alpha-glucosidase inhibitors. Although different pharmacological effects and adverse abdominal events associated with the two drugs have been reported, no study directly compared acarbose and voglibose in diabetes has been undertaken. To compare the pharmacological effects and gastrointestinal adverse events between two drugs, a randomized, placebo-controlled, double-blind study was performed in type 2 diabetes patients. METHODS: The period of study was 12 weeks (observation period: 4 weeks; treatment period: 8 weeks). Fifty-three patients were randomized into two groups (the acarbose group: 24 patients; the voglibose group: 29 patients). The serum glucose, insulin, fructosamine, HbA1c, cholesterol, triglyceride and the incidence of adverse events were measured. RESULTS: 1) The reduction of glucose from before treatment to 4 weeks after treatment was significantly higher in the acarbose group, but the change before treatment and 8 weeks after treatment in the two groups was similar (p = 0.569). 2) The insulin significantly decreased after voglibose treatment (p = 0.040). 3) HbA1c level tended to decrease in voglibose group, and there was a significant decrease after acarbose treatment. However, the change in HbA1c level before and after treatment was similar between the two groups (p = 0.412). 4) The two drugs did not cause any other changes in the total, HDL-cholesterol and triglyceride. 5) The number of patients with gastrointestinal adverse events was significantly low 4 weeks after voglibose treatment (p = 0.049), but the incidence in the two groups was similar after 8 weeks (p = 0.215). CONCLUSIONS: Acarbose and voglibose significantly improved postprandial hyperglycemia in diabetes. The incidence of gastrointestinal adverse events was low 4 weeks after voglibose treatment.

First
Prev
Page of 1
Next
Last

Previous issues