Fig. 1Flow diagram of the study for final group selection. MCH, mean corpuscular hemoglobin. aIndividuals excluded from the analysis based on diagnoses, according to the International Classification of Disease, Ninth Revision, Clinical Modification (ICD-9-CM).
Fig. 2Box plots comparing cases and controls data of adjusted glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c) (A: HbA1c [%], B: HbA1c [mmol/mol]). Values shown are median (line within box), 25th and 75th percentiles (bottom and top of box, respectively), and mean (open diamond).
Table 1Participants hematological and biochemical characteristics
Characteristic |
Casesa (n=86) |
Controlsb (n=2,745) |
P valuec
|
Male |
Female |
Male |
Female |
Number |
21 |
65 |
1,487 |
1,258 |
|
Age at the time of tests, yr |
43 (24–83) |
44 (24–85) |
43 (20–74) |
43 (20–73) |
|
Hemoglobin, g/dL |
10.4±1.3 |
10.3±1.4 |
15.2±0.9 |
13.5±0.9 |
<0.0001 |
Hematocrit, % |
33.0±3.5 |
32.7±3.7 |
43.7±2.4 |
39.9±2.5 |
<0.0001 |
MCV, fL |
76.5 ±7.1 |
76.4±7.0 |
86.9±3.5 |
88.4±3.5 |
<0.0001 |
MCH, pg/cell |
24.0±3.0 |
24.0±2.9 |
30.2±1.2 |
30.0±1.2 |
<0.0001 |
MCHC, g/dL |
31.4±1.4 |
31.2±1.5 |
34.7±1.0 |
33.9±0.9 |
<0.0001 |
Red blood cells, ×106/µL |
4.33±0.46 |
4.31±0.50 |
5.03±0.32 |
4.51±0.31 |
<0.0001 |
White blood cells, ×103/µL |
6.56±1.75 |
6.52±1.81 |
6.02±0.83 |
6.31±1.06 |
0.0674 |
Fasting blood glucose, mg/dL |
88.0±9.2 |
88.0±9.4 |
85.0±9.1 |
85.0±9.0 |
0.1526 |
Ferritin, ng/mL |
11.0 (7–16) |
5.0 (3–10) |
66.0 (24–169) |
40.0 (14–121) |
<0.0001 |