Fig. 1The mean levels of (A) eukaryote translation elongation factor 1 alpha 1 autoantibody (EEF1A1-AAb) and (B) ubiquitin-conjugating enzyme 2L3 autoantibody (UBE2L3-AAb) by age group. The mean values with standard deviation in each age group are shown. There were no differences in the levels of EEF1A1-AAb and UBE2L3-AAb across the age groups in control subjects (black circles). However, the levels of both autoantibodies in subjects that were 18 to 29 years old with type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM; black squares) were significantly higher than all of the other age groups (P<0.05) except for subjects 60 to 69 years old (black circles, nondiabetic control subjects; black squares, subjects with T1DM). aSignificantly different compared to nondiabetic control subjects in each age group (P<0.05), bSignificantly different compared to 18- to 29-year-old in each disease status (non-diabetic control group and T1DM, respectively; P<0.05).
Fig. 2The level of (A) eukaryote translation elongation factor 1 alpha 1 autoantibody (EEF1A1-AAb) and (B) ubiquitin-conjugating enzyme 2L3 autoantibody (UBE2L3-AAb) in control and type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) samples. Dotted lines represent the [mean absorbance+3×standard deviation] of the total nondiabetic control subject sample; dashed lines represent the [mean absorbance+3×standard deviation] of control subjects <40 years old; simple solid lines in each age group represent the mean level of EEF1A1-AAb and UBE2L3-AAb within the group (white circles, nondiabetic control subjects; black squares, subjects with T1DM).
Table 1Prevalence of EEF1A1-AAb and UBE2L3-AAb by age group
Variable |
No. (men %) |
EEF1A1-AAb, % (number) |
UBE2L3-AAb, % (number) |
Reference range 1a
|
Reference range 2b
|
Reference range 1c
|
Reference range 2d
|
Control |
T1DM |
Control |
T1DM |
Control |
T1DM |
Control |
T1DM |
Control |
T1DM |
Age, yr |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
18–29 |
30 (46.7) |
49 (53.1) |
6.7 (2/30) |
30.6 (15/49) |
3.3 (1/30) |
18.4 (9/49) |
6.7 (2/30) |
22.4 (11/49) |
3.3 (1/30) |
16.3 (8/49) |
30–39 |
60 (51.7) |
28 (39.3) |
3.3 (2/60) |
3.6 (1/28) |
1.7 (1/60) |
0 |
3.3 (2/60) |
0 |
3.3 (2/60) |
0 |
40–49 |
20 (50.0) |
16 (68.8) |
5.0 (1/20) |
0 |
5 (1/20) |
0 |
5.0 (1/20) |
0 |
0 |
0 |
50–59 |
20 (50.0) |
6 (66.7) |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
5.0 (1/20) |
0 |
5.0 (1/20) |
0 |
60–69 |
20 (50.0) |
2 (0.0) |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
P for trendse
|
- |
- |
0.615 |
0.001 |
0.423 |
0.009 |
0.409 |
0.003 |
0.588 |
0.014 |