Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Soonchunhyang University Bucheon Hospital, Soonchunhyang University College of Medicine, Bucheon, Korea
Copyright © 2021 Korean Diabetes Association
This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/) which permits unrestricted non-commercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
CONFLICTS OF INTEREST
No potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported.
AUTHOR CONTRIBUTIONS
Conception or design: J.O.M.
Acquisition, analysis, or interpretation of data: D.C., C.H.J.
Drafting the work or revising: D.C., B.Y.K., C.H.J., C.H.K.
Final approval of the manuscript: D.C., B.Y.K., C.H.J., C.H.K., J.O.M.
FUNDING
The study was funded by the Soonchunhyang University Research Fund.
Values are presented as mean±standard deviation.
FPG, fasting plasma glucose; HbA1c, glycosylated hemoglobin; HOMA-IR, homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance; AST, aspartate aminotransferase; ALT, alanine aminotransferase; LDL-C, low density lipoprotein cholesterol; HDL-C, high density lipoprotein cholesterol; eGFR, estimated glomerular filtration rate.
Variable | Painless DPN (n=76) | No DPN (n=70) | P value |
---|---|---|---|
Global PSQI | 7.3±3.9 | 5.2±2.9 | <0.001 |
Self-reported sleep quality | 1.5±0.8 | 1.3±0.8 | 0.327 |
Sleep latency | 1.5±1.2 | 1.1±1.0 | 0.009 |
Sleep duration | 1.3±1.2 | 0.8±1.0 | 0.007 |
Sleep efficiency | 0.7±1.0 | 0.3±0.7 | 0.006 |
Sleep disturbance | 1.3±0.6 | 1.2±0.5 | 0.696 |
Use of sleep medications | 0.3±0.9 | 0.1±0.4 | 0.052 |
Daytime dysfunction | 0.7±0.8 | 0.6±1.3 | 0.485 |
Poor sleep qualitya | 49 (64.5) | 21 (30.0) | <0.001 |
OR, odds ratio; CI, confidence interval; T2DM, type 2 diabetes mellitus; HTN, hypertension; BMI, body mass index; VFT, visceral fat thickness; SFT, subcutaneous fat thickness; ARB, angiotensin II receptor blocker; FPG, fasting plasma glucose; HbA1c, glycosylated hemoglobin; HOMA-IR, homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance; AST, aspartate aminotransferase; ALT, alanine aminotransferase; TC, total cholesterol; LDL-C, low density lipoprotein cholesterol; HDL-C, high density lipoprotein cholesterol; eGFR, estimated glomerular filtration rate; DPN, diabetic peripheral neuropathy.