Letter: Prevalence and Correlates of Disordered Sleep in Southeast Asian Indians with Type 2 Diabetes (Diabetes Metab J 2012;36:70-6)

Tomoyuki Kawada

doi:10.4093/dmj.2012.36.4.314

Articles

Page Path: HOME > Diabetes Metab J > Volume 36(4); 2012 > Article

Letter Letter: Prevalence and Correlates of Disordered Sleep in Southeast Asian Indians with Type 2 Diabetes (Diabetes Metab J 2012;36:70-6): Tomoyuki Kawada; Diabetes & Metabolism Journal 2012;36(4):314-315.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.4093/dmj.2012.36.4.314
Published online: August 20, 2012

2,283 Views
26 Download

Department of Hygiene and Public Health, Nippon Medical School, Tokyo, Japan.

Corresponding author: Tomoyuki Kawada. Department of Hygiene and Public Health, Nippon Medical School, 1-1-5 Sendagi, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8602, Japan. kawada@nms.ac.jp

This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/) which permits unrestricted non-commercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

Full Article

Download PDF

NOTES
REFERENCES

Rajendran et al. [1] recently reported the positive association between duration of diabetes and global Pittsburg Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) score for 120 patients after adjustment for several related factors. By overviewing the characteristics of the patients presented in their Table 1, the diabetic management seems not satisfactory. They speculated that increase in the prevalence of neuropathy and nocturia by long duration of diabetes would accelerate worsening of global PSQI score. But before accepting their results, there are three queries on their approach for making final conclusion.

First, they adopted a logistic regression analysis after presenting simple correlation coefficient. Namely, there was a positive relationship between global PSQI score and duration of diabetes in years with 18.1% of explanation rate (P<0.05), which was presented in their Fig. 1. Thereafter, they presented main results in their Table 3. Unfortunately, a regression coefficient of "duration of diabetes" was -0.196, and the odds ratio (95% confidence interval) was 0.822 (0.728 to 0.928). This value presents a negative relationship between duration of diabetes and global PSQI score, and the explanation rate was 13.2%. Odds ratios of other variables such as age, sex, medication, body mass index, and HbA1c presented reasonable direction in change compared with past academic information, although they did not reach the level of statistical significance. The explanation rate was not satisfactory to accept their results, and multivariate analysis presented a negative association between duration of diabetes and global PSQI score.

Second, I recommend conducting multiple regression analysis instead of logistic regression analysis to avoid information loss for global PSQI score. Hung et al. [2] recently reported that decreased sleep quality judged by PSQI was related to pre-diabetes and newly diagnosed diabetes except impaired fasting glucose. They adopted multivariate linear regression analysis and logistic regression analysis by adjusting several cardiometabolic risk factors. The dependent values are derived from PSQI in both analyses, and information loss is larger in logistic regression analysis from the statistical viewpoint.

Finally, I suppose that "duration of diabetes" itself has a difficulty for making adequate judgment on the onset of diabetes. In addition, the pathophysiological severity of diabetes is different from person to person, and the medication as a variable should be handled with caution. Furthermore, there is no information on physical activity or fitness, which is an important factor to affect diabetes [3] and sleep status [4].

Sleep is important for the occurrence of diabetes [5-7], and diabetes itself has an important factor to make disturbance for sleep [6]. I suppose that Rajendran et al. intended to show the latter relationship, although causality could not be clarified by cross-sectional study. I appreciate their effort to conduct such a clinical study, but large-scale and long-term prospective cohort studies are required to make a conclusion on the relationship between duration of diabetes and sleep quality.

NOTES

No potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported.

REFERENCES

1. Rajendran A, Parthsarathy S, Tamilselvan B, Seshadri KG, Shuaib M. Prevalence and correlates of disordered sleep in southeast Asian Indians with type 2 diabetes. Diabetes Metab J 2012;36:70-76. Article PubMed PMC
2. Hung HC, Yang YC, Ou HY, Wu JS, Lu FH, Chang CJ. The relationship between impaired fasting glucose and self-reported sleep quality in a Chinese population. Clin Endocrinol (Oxf) Epub 2012 May 2. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2265.2012.04423.x.Article
3. Fogelholm M. Physical activity, fitness and fatness: relations to mortality, morbidity and disease risk factors. A systematic review. Obes Rev 2010;11:202-221. Article PubMed
4. Uchida S, Shioda K, Morita Y, Kubota C, Ganeko M, Takeda N. Exercise effects on sleep physiology. Front Neurol 2012;3:48Article PubMed PMC
5. Kita T, Yoshioka E, Satoh H, Saijo Y, Kawaharada M, Okada E, Kishi R. Short sleep duration and poor sleep quality increase the risk of diabetes in Japanese workers with no family history of diabetes. Diabetes Care 2012;35:313-318. Article PubMed PMC PDF
6. Knutson KL. Sleep duration and cardiometabolic risk: a review of the epidemiologic evidence. Best Pract Res Clin Endocrinol Metab 2010;24:731-743. Article PubMed PMC
7. Cappuccio FP, D'Elia L, Strazzullo P, Miller MA. Quantity and quality of sleep and incidence of type 2 diabetes: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Diabetes Care 2010;33:414-420. PubMed

Figure & Data

References

Citations

Citations to this article as recorded by

PubReader

Cite

CITE: export Copy Format; Close

Download Citation

Download a citation file in RIS format that can be imported by all major citation management software, including EndNote, ProCite, RefWorks, and Reference Manager.

Format:

RIS — For EndNote, ProCite, RefWorks, and most other reference management software
BibTeX — For JabRef, BibDesk, and other BibTeX-specific software

Include:

Citation for the content below
Citation and abstract for the content below

Letter: Prevalence and Correlates of Disordered Sleep in Southeast Asian Indians with Type 2 Diabetes (Diabetes Metab J 2012;36:70-6)

Diabetes Metab J. 2012;36(4):314-315. Published online August 20, 2012

DOI: https://doi.org/10.4093/dmj.2012.36.4.314

XML Download

Related articles