Diabetes & Metabolism Journal

Original Article

Erythropoietin Levels According to the Presence of Peripheral Neuropathy in Diabetic Patients with Anemia.: Heung Yong Jin, Su Jin Jeung, Chong Hwa Kim, Ji Hyun Park, Hong Sun Baek, Tae Sun Park; Korean Diabetes J. 2007;31(2):151-156. Published online March 1, 2007; DOI: https://doi.org/10.4093/jkda.2007.31.2.151

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BACKGROUND
Peripheral neuropathy is a common complication of diabetes mellitus, contributing the greatest morbidity and mortality and impairing the quality of life. Recently the receptor of erythropoietin (Epo) was proven to be expressed in neuronal cell and recombinant human Epo (rhEpo) has been shown to have neuroprotective and neurotrophic potential in peripheral neuropathy. But there is no report about baseline Epo level in blood before rhEpo treatment with diabetic peripheral neuropathy. METHODS: From Jan. 2000 to Sep. 2006, diabetic patients were reviewed about Epo level in blood, anemia, and peripheral neuropathy in Chonbuk National University Hospital. And we compared the mean value of baseline Epo level in diabetic patients with anemia according to the peripheral neuropathy. RESULTS: The mean value of Epo of patients with peripheral neuropathy was lower than that of patients without peripheral neuropathy (16.3 +/- 7.1 vs 26.1 +/- 29.7 mU/mL, P < 0.05). There was no significance in the correlation between hemoglobin and Epo level in diabetic patients with anemia irrespective of presence of peripheral neuropathy (r = -0.02, P = 0.81). CONCLUSION: We suggest that decreased Epo level in blood is possible to be an additional cause in the development of peripheral neuropathy. However, simultaneously another possibility that neuropathy causes reduced Epo level should be considered, so further studies are warranted in this field.

Citations

Citations to this article as recorded by

The Association between Serum GGT Concentration and Diabetic Peripheral Polyneuropathy in Type 2 Diabetic Patients
Ho Chan Cho
Korean Diabetes Journal.2010; 34(2): 111. CrossRef

Randomized Controlled Trial

Therapeutic Effect of Recombinant Human Erythropoietin on Anemia with Erythropoietin Deficiency in Early Diabetic Nephropathy.: Dae Jung Kim, Soo Kyung Kim, Hyeung Jin Kim, Yoo Mee Kim, Yong Seok Yun, Chul Woo Ahn, Bong Soo Cha, Young Duk Song, Sung Kil Lim, Kyeong Rae Kim, Hyun Chul Lee, Kap Bum Huh; Korean Diabetes J. 2001;25(5):364-373. Published online October 1, 2001

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Abstract PDF: BACKGROUND
We have previously reported that reduced erythropoietin (Epo) responsiveness to anemia could explain the anemia in diabetic patients before advanced diabetic nephropathy. Thus, the aim of this randomized prospective study is to investigate the therapeutic effect of recombinant human erythropoietin (rHuEpo) on anemia with Epo deficiency in early diabetic nephropathy. METHODS: Twenty-nine diabetic patients with the normocytic normochromic anemia of Epo deficiency were randomized into Epo-treatment group (n=20, M:F= 8:12, mean age=52.9+/-9.2) and control group (n=9, M:F=4:5, mean age=53.6+/-12.4). Twenty patients of Epo-treatment group were treated with rHuEpo (Epokine (CheilJedang Co.) 4,000unit/day SC., 3 times/week) for 8 weeks. The Epo- treatment group were divided into the responder or non-responder. Patients with increments in Hemoglobin (Hb) during the follow-up duration was above 2 g/dL, or with the final Hb was above 14 g/dL in men or 13g/dL in women were decided the responder. In order to analyze factors affecting the therapeutic effects of rHuEpo, the clinical and biochemical characteristics were compared between the responder and non-responder group. RESULTS: There was no difference in the clinical and biochemical characteristics between the Epo-treatment and the control group at randomization. The responder group (n=14) had significant increments in Hb, compared to the non-responder group (n=6) or the control group (13.6+/-1.0 vs. 10.1+/-1.5 vs 11.2+/-1.2 g/dL, p < 0.001, respectively). The treatment duration of rHuEpo in the responder group was 4.9+/-2.3 weeks. Among the Epo-treatment group, there was no differences between the responder and the non-responder group in sex, age, duration of diabetes, serum creatinine level, 24 hour urinary albumin excretion rates, HbA1C, frequency or severity of microangiopathy, and serum Epo level. However, the responder group had higher serum ferritin (240.3+/-108.4 vs 25.8+/-3.0 g/L, p<0.05) and transferin saturation level (32.7+/-7.9 vs 21.2+/-5.3 %, p<0.05). CONCLUSION: These results concluded that the administration of rHuEpo could be useful in treating anemia with Epo deficiency in early diabetic nephropathy and that the degree of iron storage and functional iron deficiency might affect the therapeutic effects of rHuEpo on this type of anemia.

Original Article

Reduced Erythropoietin Responsiveness to Anemia in Diabetic Patients before Advanced Diabetic Nephropathy.: Yong Seok Yun, Sung Cheol Kim, Nae Chun Yoo, Young Duk Song, Sung Kil Lim, Kyung Rae Kim, Hyun Chul Lee, Jee Sook Hahn, Kap Bum Huh; Korean Diabetes J. 1999;23(5):669-677. Published online January 1, 2001

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Abstract PDF: BACKGROUND
We have often encountered some diabetie patients, in whom the causes of anemia were not clearly identified, despite differential hematologic studies. We, therefore, studied the clinical and biochemical characteristics of diabetic patients with anemia of uncertain cause. The study measured erythropoietin levels in diabetic subjects without significant diabetic renal disease. METHODS: Among 62 medical records of diabetic patients with anemia, showing no evidence of advanced diabetic nephropathy (creatinine clearance > 30 mL/min/1.73m2), the causes of the anemia were evaluated. In addition, we recruited 35 diabetic patients with uncertain causes of anemia, in order to evaluate the serum erythropoietin(Epo) responsiveness. Also, we compared their Epo levels to a group of non-diabetie subjects with similar degree of anemia. RESULT: The causes of anemia were not able to be identified in 28 (45.2 %) of 62 patients. The serum Epo levels of diabetic patients with anemia of uncertain cause (17.6+/-8.1), were significantly lower than those of non-diabetic patients with the same degree of decrease in hemoglobin levels (144.9+/-108.0 mIU/mL, p<0.001). The hemoglobin levels of diabetic patients were correlated with creatinine clearance (r=0.34, p=0.03), serum creatinine levels (r=-0.49, p=0.003), and albumin excretion rate (r=-0.44, p=0.009). But, showed no relation with age, duration of diabetes, glycated hemoglobin, presence of retinopathy or neuropathy. CONCLUSION: We concluded that reduced Epo responsiveness to anemia could explain the anemia present in diabetic patient but without advanced diabetic nephropathy. This may reflect early renal interstitial damage.

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