Diabetes & Metabolism Journal

Original Article

Basic Research
Role of Intestinal Microbiota in Metabolism of Voglibose In Vitro and In Vivo: Mahesh Raj Nepal, Mi Jeong Kang, Geon Ho Kim, Dong Ho Cha, Ju-Hyun Kim, Tae Cheon Jeong; Diabetes Metab J. 2020;44(6):908-918. Published online April 6, 2020; DOI: https://doi.org/10.4093/dmj.2019.0147

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Background

Voglibose, an α-glucosidase inhibitor, inhibits breakdown of complex carbohydrates into simple sugar units in intestine. Studies showed that voglibose metabolism in the liver might be negligible due to its poor intestinal absorption. Numerous microorganisms live in intestine and have several roles in metabolism and detoxification of various xenobiotics. Due to the limited information, the possible metabolism of voglibose by intestinal microbiota was investigated in vitro and in vivo.

Methods

For the in vitro study, different concentrations of voglibose were incubated with intestinal contents, prepared from both vehicle- and antibiotics-treated mice, to determine the decreased amount of voglibose over time by using liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry. Similarly, in vivo pharmacodynamic effect of voglibose was determined following the administration of voglibose and starch in vehicle- and antibiotic-pretreated non-diabetic and diabetic mice, by measuring the modulatory effects of voglibose on blood glucose levels.

Results

The in vitro results indicated that the remaining voglibose could be significantly decreased when incubated with the intestinal contents from normal mice compared to those from antibiotic-treated mice, which had less enzyme activities. The in vivo results showed that the antibiotic pretreatment resulted in reduced metabolism of voglibose. This significantly lowered blood glucose levels in antibiotic-pretreated mice compared to the control animals.

Conclusion

The present results indicate that voglibose would be metabolized by the intestinal microbiota, and that this metabolism might be pharmacodynamically critical in lowering blood glucose levels in mice.

Citations

Citations to this article as recorded by

Pharmacomicrobiomics and type 2 diabetes mellitus: A novel perspective towards possible treatment
Liyang Jia, Shiqiong Huang, Boyu Sun, Yongguang Shang, Chunsheng Zhu
Frontiers in Endocrinology.2023;[Epub] CrossRef
Phenolics from endophytic fungi as natural α-glucosidase inhibitors: A comprehensive review
Muhammad Imran Tousif, Saba Tauseef, Sadeer Nabeelah, Jugreet Sharmeen, Gokhan Zengin, Lesetja Legoabe, Muhammad Imran, Mohamad Fawzi Mahomoodally
Journal of Molecular Structure.2023; 1291: 135852. CrossRef
Ligand-targeted fishing of α-glucosidase inhibitors from Tribulus terrestris L. based on chitosan-functionalized multi-walled carbon nanotubes with immobilized α-glucosidase
Xin Meng, Hou Zong, Zhong Zheng, Junpeng Xing, Zhiqiang Liu, Fengrui Song, Shu Liu
Analytical and Bioanalytical Chemistry.2023; 415(14): 2677. CrossRef
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Jewel C De Padua, Emi Fukushima-Sakuno, Kotomi Ueno, Thomas Edison E dela Cruz, Atsushi Ishihara
Bioscience, Biotechnology, and Biochemistry.2023; 87(12): 1429. CrossRef
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Dongmei Wang, Jieying Liu, Liyuan Zhou, Qian Zhang, Ming Li, Xinhua Xiao
Frontiers in Endocrinology.2022;[Epub] CrossRef
18:0 Lyso PC, a natural product with potential PPAR-γ agonistic activity, plays hypoglycemic effect with lower liver toxicity and cardiotoxicity in db/db mice
Yiming Ma, Xinyi Du, Dandan Zhao, Kegong Tang, Xiaona Wang, Shaoting Guo, Xiaobei Li, Song Mei, Na Sun, Jiaqi Liu, Chengyu Jiang
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Review

Functional and Mechanistic Integration of Infection and the Metabolic Syndrome: Peter Sommer, Gary Sweeney; Korean Diabetes J. 2010;34(2):71-76. Published online April 30, 2010; DOI: https://doi.org/10.4093/kdj.2010.34.2.71

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Abstract PDF PubReader

The metabolic syndrome refers to a well defined group of risk factors, including central obesity and inflammation, for the development of diabetes and cardiovascular disease. Interestingly, many studies have recently led to the emergence of somewhat unexpected relationships between several infectious diseases and various aspects of the metabolic syndrome. Our understanding of the mechanisms underlying these interactions is also rapidly developing and some of these are summarized in this article. We will focus first on bacterial infection, and most notably the role of gut microbiota in regulaton of both obesity and inflammation. In particular, we focus on the role of inflammasomes and propose that understanding the role of Toll-like receptors and Nod-like receptors in the pathogenesis of inflammatory disorders with or without infection may provide novel targets for prevention and/or treatment of associated diseases. Secondly, chronic bacterial or viral infection and emerging links with metabolism will be reviewed. Finally, consideratons of biomarkers for metabolic syndrome, in particular lipocalin-2, and their link with infection will be discussed.

Citations

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Tuberculosis of the Breast: An Initial Presentation of the Metabolic Syndrome with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus in a Young Nigerian Woman
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Case Reports in Infectious Diseases.2016; 2016: 1. CrossRef
Systematic Review of the Relation Between Intestinal Microbiota and Toll-Like Receptors in the Metabolic Syndrome: What Do We Know So Far?
José Pedro Portela-Cidade, Marta Borges-Canha, Adelino Ferreira Leite-Moreira, Pedro Pimentel-Nunes
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Impact of Cadmium Exposure on the Association between Lipopolysaccharide and Metabolic Syndrome
Seung Han, Kyoung Ha, Ja Jeon, Hae Kim, Kwan Lee, Dae Kim
International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health.2015; 12(9): 11396. CrossRef
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Yee Kwan Chan, Hye Kyoung Sung, Gary Sweeney
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Dler Faieeq Darweesh Mahmood, Amna Abderrazak, Khadija El Hadri, Thomas Simmet, Mustapha Rouis
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Immunoglobulin E and Mast Cell Proteases Are Potential Risk Factors of Human Pre-Diabetes and Diabetes Mellitus
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Case Report

A Case of Acute Multifocal Bacterial Nephritis Associated with Diabetic Autonomic Neuropathy.: Eun Kyung Park, Jae Hak Lee, Ji Sung Yoon, Ji O Mok, Yeo Joo Kim, Hyeong Kyu Park, Chul Hee Kim, Sang Jin Kim, Dong Won Byun, Kyo Il Suh, Myung Hi Yoo; Korean Diabetes J. 2003;27(4):379-384. Published online August 1, 2003

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Abstract PDF: Acute multifocal bacterial nephritis is a severe form of acute renal infection in which a heavy leukocytic infiltrate occurs throughout the kidney. It is also an early phase of renal corticomedullary abscess. Clinically, patients have evidence of a severe urinary tract infection secondary to a gram-negative organism and there are frequently signs of sepsis. About half of the reported patients have been diabetics. Urinary tract infections are more common in diabetic women than in non-diabetic women. A variety of factors may contribute. The most important predisposing factor may be bladder dysfunction as a result of diabetic neuropathy and cystopathy. Diabetic cystopathy begins as decreased bladder sensation and decreased reflex detrusor activity caused by neuropathy affecting sympathetic and parasympathetic afferent fibers. Impaired bladder sensation results in bladder distention and increased residual urine volume. Long-term effects may eventually be vesicoureteral reflux and recurrent upper urinary tract infection. However, until now no diabetic patient with acute multifocal bacterial nephritis has been reported in Korea. Acute multifocal bacterial nephritis can be diagnosed by clinical manifestations and on radiologic grounds, including abdominal computed tomography showing multiple, wedge shaped, poorly defined areas of decreased contrast enhancement in multiple renal lobes. Therefore, we report the first Korean case of acute multifocal bacterial nephritis associated with diabetic autonomic neuropathy and review the literatures.

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