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- Metabolic Dysfunction-Associated Steatotic Liver Disease in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: A Review and Position Statement of the Fatty Liver Research Group of the Korean Diabetes Association
- Jaehyun Bae, Eugene Han, Hye Won Lee, Cheol-Young Park, Choon Hee Chung, Dae Ho Lee, Eun-Hee Cho, Eun-Jung Rhee, Ji Hee Yu, Ji Hyun Park, Ji-Cheol Bae, Jung Hwan Park, Kyung Mook Choi, Kyung-Soo Kim, Mi Hae Seo, Minyoung Lee, Nan-Hee Kim, So Hun Kim, Won-Young Lee, Woo Je Lee, Yeon-Kyung Choi, Yong-ho Lee, You-Cheol Hwang, Young Sang Lyu, Byung-Wan Lee, Bong-Soo Cha, on Behalf of the Fatty Liver Research Group of the Korean Diabetes Association
- Diabetes Metab J. 2024;48(6):1015-1028. Published online November 1, 2024
- DOI: https://doi.org/10.4093/dmj.2024.0541
- 1,650 View
- 240 Download
-
Abstract
PDF
PubReader 
ePub - Since the role of the liver in metabolic dysfunction, including type 2 diabetes mellitus, was demonstrated, studies on non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) and metabolic dysfunction-associated fatty liver disease (MAFLD) have shown associations between fatty liver disease and other metabolic diseases. Unlike the exclusionary diagnostic criteria of NAFLD, MAFLD diagnosis is based on the presence of metabolic dysregulation in fatty liver disease. Renaming NAFLD as MAFLD also introduced simpler diagnostic criteria. In 2023, a new nomenclature, steatotic liver disease (SLD), was proposed. Similar to MAFLD, SLD diagnosis is based on the presence of hepatic steatosis with at least one cardiometabolic dysfunction. SLD is categorized into metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD), metabolic dysfunction and alcohol-related/-associated liver disease, alcoholrelated liver disease, specific etiology SLD, and cryptogenic SLD. The term MASLD has been adopted by a number of leading national and international societies due to its concise diagnostic criteria, exclusion of other concomitant liver diseases, and lack of stigmatizing terms. This article reviews the diagnostic criteria, clinical relevance, and differences among NAFLD, MAFLD, and MASLD from a diabetologist’s perspective and provides a rationale for adopting SLD/MASLD in the Fatty Liver Research Group of the Korean Diabetes Association.
Original Article
- Metabolic Risk/Epidemiology
- Novel Asian-Specific Visceral Adiposity Indices Are Associated with Chronic Kidney Disease in Korean Adults
- Jonghwa Jin, Hyein Woo, Youngeun Jang, Won-Ki Lee, Jung-Guk Kim, In-Kyu Lee, Keun-Gyu Park, Yeon-Kyung Choi
- Diabetes Metab J. 2023;47(3):426-436. Published online March 6, 2023
- DOI: https://doi.org/10.4093/dmj.2022.0099
- 4,094 View
- 163 Download
- 5 Web of Science
- 5 Crossref
-
Abstract
PDF
Supplementary MaterialPubReader ePub - Background
The Chinese visceral adiposity index (CVAI) and new visceral adiposity index (NVAI) are novel indices of visceral adiposity used to predict metabolic and cardiovascular diseases in Asian populations. However, the relationships of CVAI and NVAI with chronic kidney disease (CKD) have not been investigated. We aimed to characterize the relationships of CVAI and NVAI with the prevalence of CKD in Korean adults.
Methods
A total of 14,068 participants in the 7th Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (6,182 men and 7,886 women) were included. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analyses were employed to compare the associations between indices of adiposity and CKD, and a logistic regression model was used to characterize the relationships of CVAI and NVAI with CKD prevalence.
Results
The areas under the ROC curves for CVAI and NVAI were significantly larger than for the other indices, including the visceral adiposity index and lipid accumulation product, in both men and women (all P<0.001). In addition, high CVAI or NVAI was significantly associated with a high CKD prevalence in both men (odds ratio [OR], 2.14; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.31 to 3.48 in CVAI and OR, 6.47; 95% CI, 2.91 to 14.38 in NVAI, P<0.05) and women (OR, 4.87; 95% CI, 1.85 to 12.79 in CVAI and OR, 3.03; 95% CI, 1.35 to 6.82 in NVAI, P<0.05); this association remained significant after adjustment for multiple confounding factors in men and women.
Conclusion
CVAI and NVAI are positively associated with CKD prevalence in a Korean population. CVAI and NVAI may be useful for the identification of CKD in Asian populations, including in Korea. -
Citations
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Siti Liu, Honglin Sun, Jia Liu, Guang Wang
Diabetes Research and Clinical Practice.2024; 212: 111705. CrossRef - Association between visceral adiposity index and incidence of diabetic kidney disease in adults with diabetes in the United States
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Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine.2024;[Epub] CrossRef - Linear associations of Chinese visceral adiposity index and its change with hyperuricemia: A prospective cohort study
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Nutrition, Metabolism and Cardiovascular Diseases.2024; 34(11): 2472. CrossRef - Association between Chinese visceral adiposity index and risk of stroke incidence in middle-aged and elderly Chinese population: evidence from a large national cohort study
Zenglei Zhang, Lin Zhao, Yiting Lu, Xu Meng, Xianliang Zhou
Journal of Translational Medicine.2023;[Epub] CrossRef
- Accessing the relationship between six surrogate insulin resistance indexes and the incidence of rapid kidney function decline and the progression to chronic kidney disease among middle-aged and older adults in China: Results from the China health and ret
Short Communication
- COVID-19
- Impact of Social Distancing Due to Coronavirus Disease 2019 on the Changes in Glycosylated Hemoglobin Level in People with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus
- Sung-Don Park, Sung-Woo Kim, Jun Sung Moon, Yin Young Lee, Nan Hee Cho, Ji-Hyun Lee, Jae-Han Jeon, Yeon-Kyung Choi, Mi Kyung Kim, Keun-Gyu Park
- Diabetes Metab J. 2021;45(1):109-114. Published online December 4, 2020
- DOI: https://doi.org/10.4093/dmj.2020.0226
- 10,625 View
- 330 Download
- 26 Web of Science
- 25 Crossref
-
Graphical Abstract
Abstract
PDFSupplementary MaterialPubReader ePub - This study investigated the impact of social distancing due to coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) on glycemic control in people with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). We retrospectively analyzed the change in glycosylated hemoglobin level (ΔHbA1c) in people with T2DM who undertook social distancing because of COVID-19. We compared the ΔHbA1c between COVID-19 and non-COVID-19 cohorts that were enrolled at the same time of year. The ΔHbA1c of the COVID-19 cohort was significantly higher than that of two non-COVID-19 cohorts. Subgroup analysis according to age and baseline HbA1c level showed that social distancing significantly increased the mean HbA1c level of participants of <50 years. The ΔHbA1c of participants of <50 years and with HbA1c <7.0% in the COVID-19 cohort showed larger changes than other subgroups. In adjusted model, adjusted ΔHbA1c levels in the COVID-19 cohort remained significantly higher than those in the two other cohorts. Social distancing negatively impacts blood glucose control in people with T2DM, especially those who are younger and have good blood glucose control.
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Citations
Citations to this article as recorded by- Impact of two COVID-19 lockdowns on HbA1c levels in patients with type 2 diabetes and associations with patient characteristics: a multicentre, observational cohort study over three years
Ingmar Schäfer, Daniel Tajdar, Laura Walther, Lasse Bittner, Dagmar Lühmann, Martin Scherer
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Shingo Kuwajima, Takahito Itoh, Tatsuya Sato, Shoya Ino, Satoru Shibata, Kouhei Ohno, Hiroyuki Hotta, Tomoaki Matsumoto, Hitoshi Ooiwa, Hirofumi Kubo, Takayuki Miki
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Chandana Wijeweera, Ummul Muhfaza, Reginald V. Lord, Peter Petocz, Juliana Chen, Veronica Preda
Primary Care Diabetes.2024; 18(3): 308. CrossRef - Physical and Mental Health Characteristics of Hospitalized COVID-19 Patients with and without Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus in Turkey
Abdulbari Bener, Murat Atmaca, Abdulla O. A. A. Al-Hamaq, Antonio Ventriglio
Brain Sciences.2024; 14(4): 377. CrossRef - The Role of Sodium Glucose Co-Transporter 2 Inhibitors in Atrial Fibrillation: A Comprehensive Review
Panagiotis Stachteas, Athina Nasoufidou, Efstratios Karagiannidis, Dimitrios Patoulias, Paschalis Karakasis, Sophia Alexiou, Athanasios Samaras, Georgios Zormpas, George Stavropoulos, Dimitrios Tsalikakis, George Kassimis, Christodoulos Papadopoulos, Niko
Journal of Clinical Medicine.2024; 13(18): 5408. CrossRef - Self-Care of Adults with Type 2 Diabetes During the COVID-19 Pandemic: A Qualitative Interpretive Description Study
Michela Luciani, Camilla Bigoni, Marta Canesi, Matteo Masotto, Diletta Fabrizi, Stefania Di Mauro, Davide Ausili
Clinical Nursing Research.2023; 32(1): 73. CrossRef - Changes in body weight and glycemic control in association with COVID-19 Shutdown among 23,000 adults with type 2 diabetes
Emily Panza, Kevin E. Kip, Kripa Venkatakrishnan, Oscar C. Marroquin, Rena R. Wing
Acta Diabetologica.2023; 60(6): 787. CrossRef - The Impact of a Lockdown for the COVID-19 Pandemic on Seasonal HbA1c Variation in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes
Yu-Cheng Cheng, Yu-Hsuan Li, Hsiu-Chen Liu, Chiann-Yi Hsu, Wan-Jen Chang, I-Te Lee, Chin-Li Lu
Life.2023; 13(3): 763. CrossRef - Changes in the mean incidence and variance of orthopedic diseases before and during the COVID-19 pandemic in Korea: a retrospective study
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BMC Musculoskeletal Disorders.2023;[Epub] CrossRef - Gender differences-based bioinformatics analysis to identify hub genes and key pathways in type 2 diabetes
Md Sojib Hossain, Subrina Islam Rupa, Md Sumon Sarkar, Md Al Amin, Mst Tania Khatun, Md Shamim, Md Zahidul Islam
Informatics in Medicine Unlocked.2023; 40: 101302. CrossRef - Retrospective Study on the Impact of COVID-19 Lockdown on Patients with Type 2 Diabetes in Northern Taiwan
Hsuan Huang, Hsiao-Ling Su, Chih-Hsung Huang, Yi-Hsin Lin
Diabetes, Metabolic Syndrome and Obesity.2023; Volume 16: 2539. CrossRef - Understanding impacts of COVID-19 restrictions on glycemic control for patients with diabetes in Japan
Kiyoko Uno-Eder, Noriko Satoh-Asahara, Manabu Hibiya, Kenji Uno, Takuya Uchino, Koji Morita, Toshio Ishikawa, Tetsuji Kaneko, Hajime Yamakage, Yuki Kitaoka, Tomohiro Sawa, Kazuhisa Tsukamoto, Tamio Teramoto
Journal of Diabetes & Metabolic Disorders.2023; 22(2): 1695. CrossRef - Impacts of the COVID-19 pandemic on unmet social needs, self-care, and outcomes among people with diabetes and poor glycemic control
Minal R. Patel, Guanghao Zhang, Cindy Leung, Peter X.K. Song, Michele Heisler, Hae Mi Choe, Roshanak Mehdipanah, Xu Shi, Kenneth Resnicow, Geila Rajaee, John D. Piette
Primary Care Diabetes.2022; 16(1): 57. CrossRef - Impact of the COVID-19 Pandemic on Glycemic Control and Blood Pressure Control in Patients with Diabetes in Japan
Keisuke Endo, Takayuki Miki, Takahito Itoh, Hirofumi Kubo, Ryosuke Ito, Kouhei Ohno, Hiroyuki Hotta, Nobuo Kato, Tomoaki Matsumoto, Aya Kitamura, Mai Tamayama, Takako Wataya, Ayaka Yamaya, Rei Ishikawa, Hitoshi Ooiwa
Internal Medicine.2022; 61(1): 37. CrossRef - The Effects of COVID-19 Lockdown on Glycaemic Control and Lipid Profile in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Omorogieva Ojo, Xiao-Hua Wang, Osarhumwese Osaretin Ojo, Edith Orjih, Nivedita Pavithran, Amanda Rodrigues Amorim Adegboye, Qian-Qian Feng, Paul McCrone
International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health.2022; 19(3): 1095. CrossRef - Lifestyles Under Lockdown: A Scoping Review of International Studies on Type 2 Diabetes Self-Management Behaviors During COVID-19
Caroline Cummings, Kagnica Seng, Ryan Tweet, Julie Wagner
Frontiers in Clinical Diabetes and Healthcare.2022;[Epub] CrossRef - Substitution of telemedicine for clinic visit during the COVID‐19 pandemic of 2020: Comparison of telemedicine and clinic visit
Yukiko Onishi, Rieko Ichihashi, Yoko Yoshida, Tazu Tahara, Takako Kikuchi, Toshiko Kobori, Tetsuya Kubota, Masahiko Iwamoto, Shoko Hamano, Masato Kasuga
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Population Medicine.2022; 4(August): 1. CrossRef - Effects of COVID-19 Pandemic and Lockdown on Monitoring and Treatment Balance of Finnish Coronary Heart Disease and Type 2 Diabetes Patients
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Junghyun Noh
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Diabetes & Metabolism Journal.2021; 45(2): 279. CrossRef - Glucose control in diabetes during home confinement for the first pandemic wave of COVID-19: a meta-analysis of observational studies
Giovanni Antonio Silverii, Chiara Delli Poggi, Ilaria Dicembrini, Matteo Monami, Edoardo Mannucci
Acta Diabetologica.2021; 58(12): 1603. CrossRef - The impact of COVID-19 pandemic on glycemic control in patients with diabetes mellitus in Turkey: a multi-center study from Kocaeli
Alev Selek, Emre Gezer, Eda Altun, Mehmet Sözen, Ömercan Topaloğlu, Damla Köksalan, Halil Demirkan, Dilek Karakaya, Berrin Cetinarslan, Zeynep Cantürk, Dilek Taymez
Journal of Diabetes & Metabolic Disorders.2021; 20(2): 1461. CrossRef - Effects of Social Distancing on Diabetes Management in Older Adults during COVID-19 Pandemic
Soo Myoung Shin, Tae Jung Oh, Sung Hee Choi, Hak Chul Jang
Diabetes & Metabolism Journal.2021; 45(5): 765. CrossRef - Year-Long Trend in Glycated Hemoglobin Levels in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes during the COVID-19 Pandemic
Jonghwa Jin, Seong Wook Lee, Won-Ki Lee, Jae-Han Jeon, Jung-Guk Kim, In-Kyu Lee, Yeon-Kyung Choi, Keun-Gyu Park
Endocrinology and Metabolism.2021; 36(5): 1142. CrossRef
- Impact of two COVID-19 lockdowns on HbA1c levels in patients with type 2 diabetes and associations with patient characteristics: a multicentre, observational cohort study over three years
Original Article
- Covid-19
-
- The Clinical Characteristics and Outcomes of Patients with Moderate-to-Severe Coronavirus Disease 2019 Infection and Diabetes in Daegu, South Korea
- Mi Kyung Kim, Jae-Han Jeon, Sung-Woo Kim, Jun Sung Moon, Nan Hee Cho, Eugene Han, Ji Hong You, Ji Yeon Lee, Miri Hyun, Jae Seok Park, Yong Shik Kwon, Yeon-Kyung Choi, Ki Tae Kwon, Shin Yup Lee, Eon Ju Jeon, Jin-Woo Kim, Hyo-Lim Hong, Hyun Hee Kwon, Chi Young Jung, Yin Young Lee, Eunyeoung Ha, Seung Min Chung, Jian Hur, June Hong Ahn, Na-young Kim, Shin-Woo Kim, Hyun Ha Chang, Yong Hoon Lee, Jaehee Lee, Keun-Gyu Park, Hyun Ah Kim, Ji-Hyun Lee
- Diabetes Metab J. 2020;44(4):602-613. Published online August 12, 2020
- DOI: https://doi.org/10.4093/dmj.2020.0146
- 15,074 View
- 219 Download
- 71 Web of Science
- 83 Crossref
-
Abstract
PDFSupplementary MaterialPubReader ePub
Background Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is a global pandemic that had affected more than eight million people worldwide by June 2020. Given the importance of the presence of diabetes mellitus (DM) for host immunity, we retrospectively evaluated the clinical characteristics and outcomes of moderate-to-severe COVID-19 in patients with diabetes.
Methods We conducted a multi-center observational study of 1,082 adult inpatients (aged ≥18 years) who were admitted to one of five university hospitals in Daegu because of the severity of their COVID-19-related disease. The demographic, laboratory, and radiologic findings, and the mortality, prevalence of severe disease, and duration of quarantine were compared between patients with and without DM. In addition, 1:1 propensity score (PS)-matching was conducted with the DM group.
Results Compared with the non-DM group (
n =847), patients with DM (n =235) were older, exhibited higher mortality, and required more intensive care. Even after PS-matching, patients with DM exhibited more severe disease, and DM remained a prognostic factor for higher mortality (hazard ratio, 2.40; 95% confidence interval, 1.38 to 4.15). Subgroup analysis revealed that the presence of DM was associated with higher mortality, especially in older people (≥70 years old). Prior use of a dipeptidyl peptidase-4 inhibitor or a renin-angiotensin system inhibitor did not affect mortality or the clinical severity of the disease.Conclusion DM is a significant risk factor for COVID-19 severity and mortality. Our findings imply that COVID-19 patients with DM, especially if elderly, require special attention and prompt intensive care.
-
Citations
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Carmen Tisch, Eleni Xourgia, Aristomenis Exadaktylos, Mairi Ziaka
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F1000Research.2024; 11: 729. CrossRef - The relationship of age, sex and prothrombin time related to the severity of COVID-19 patients with diabetes mellitus: a systematic review and meta analysis
Audrey Fabianisa Mirza, Ceria Halim, Mutiara Indah Sari
F1000Research.2024; 11: 729. CrossRef - The relationship of age, sex and prothrombin time related to the severity of COVID-19 patients with diabetes mellitus: a systematic review and meta analysis
Audrey Fabianisa Mirza, Ceria Halim, Mutiara Indah Sari
F1000Research.2024; 11: 729. CrossRef - The relationship of age, sex and prothrombin time related to the severity of COVID-19 patients with diabetes mellitus: a systematic review and meta analysis
Audrey Fabianisa Mirza, Ceria Halim, Mutiara Indah Sari
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Afnan Alshnbari, Iskandar Idris
Current Medical Research and Opinion.2022; 38(3): 357. CrossRef - Commentary: Mortality Risk of Antidiabetic Agents for Type 2 Diabetes With COVID-19: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Li-Min Zhao, Xie-Hui Chen, Mei Qiu
Frontiers in Endocrinology.2022;[Epub] CrossRef - COVID-19 and Diabetes
Awadhesh Kumar Singh, Kamlesh Khunti
Annual Review of Medicine.2022; 73(1): 129. CrossRef - The enzymes in COVID-19: A review
Maria Helena Menezes Estevam Alves, Layla Carvalho Mahnke, Tifany Cerqueira Macedo, Thais Ketinly dos Santos Silva, Luiz Bezerra Carvalho Junior
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Clifford J. Bailey, Mike Gwilt
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Evangelia Tzeravini, Eleftherios Stratigakos, Chris Siafarikas, Anastasios Tentolouris, Nikolaos Tentolouris
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Review
- Guideline/Fact Sheet
- Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: A Position Statement of the Fatty Liver Research Group of the Korean Diabetes Association
- Byung-Wan Lee, Yong-ho Lee, Cheol-Young Park, Eun-Jung Rhee, Won-Young Lee, Nan-Hee Kim, Kyung Mook Choi, Keun-Gyu Park, Yeon-Kyung Choi, Bong-Soo Cha, Dae Ho Lee, Korean Diabetes Association (KDA) Fatty Liver Research Group
- Diabetes Metab J. 2020;44(3):382-401. Published online May 11, 2020
- DOI: https://doi.org/10.4093/dmj.2020.0010
- 14,573 View
- 413 Download
- 49 Web of Science
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Abstract
PDFPubReader
This clinical practice position statement, a product of the Fatty Liver Research Group of the Korean Diabetes Association, proposes recommendations for the diagnosis, progression and/or severity assessment, management, and follow-up of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Patients with both T2DM and NAFLD have an increased risk of non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) and fibrosis and a higher risk of cardiovascular diseases and diabetic complications compared to those without NAFLD. With regards to the evaluation of patients with T2DM and NAFLD, ultrasonography-based stepwise approaches using noninvasive biomarker models such as fibrosis-4 or the NAFLD fibrosis score as well as imaging studies such as vibration-controlled transient elastography with controlled attenuation parameter or magnetic resonance imaging-proton density fat fraction are recommended. After the diagnosis of NAFLD, the stage of fibrosis needs to be assessed appropriately. For management, weight reduction achieved by lifestyle modification has proven beneficial and is recommended in combination with antidiabetic agent(s). Evidence that some antidiabetic agents improve NAFLD/NASH with fibrosis in patients with T2DM is emerging. However, there are currently no definite pharmacologic treatments for NAFLD in patients with T2DM. For specific cases, bariatric surgery may be an option if indicated.
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Citations
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Brief Report
- Drug/Regimen
- Evogliptin, a Dipeptidyl Peptidase-4 Inhibitor, Attenuates Renal Fibrosis Caused by Unilateral Ureteral Obstruction in Mice
- Mi-Jin Kim, Na-young Kim, Yun-A Jung, Seunghyeong Lee, Gwon-Soo Jung, Jung-Guk Kim, In-Kyu Lee, Sungwoo Lee, Yeon-Kyung Choi, Keun-Gyu Park
- Diabetes Metab J. 2020;44(1):186-192. Published online October 31, 2019
- DOI: https://doi.org/10.4093/dmj.2018.0271
- 6,742 View
- 117 Download
- 10 Web of Science
- 10 Crossref
-
Abstract
PDFSupplementary MaterialPubReader
Renal fibrosis is considered to be the final common outcome of chronic kidney disease. Dipeptidyl peptidase-4 (DPP-4) inhibitors have demonstrated protective effects against diabetic kidney disease. However, the anti-fibrotic effect of evogliptin, a DPP-4 inhibitor, has not been studied. Here, we report the beneficial effects of evogliptin on unilateral ureteral obstruction (UUO)-induced renal fibrosis in mice. Evogliptin attenuated UUO-induced renal atrophy and tubulointerstitial fibrosis. Immunohistochemistry and Western blotting demonstrated that evogliptin treatment inhibits pro-fibrotic gene expressions and extracellular matrix production.
In vitro findings showed that the beneficial effects of evogliptin on renal fibrosis are mediated by inhibition of the transforming growth factor-β/Smad3 signaling pathway. The present study demonstrates that evogliptin is protective against UUO-induced renal fibrosis, suggesting that its clinical applications could extend to the treatment of kidney disease of non-diabetic origin.-
Citations
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Birte Ohm, Isabelle Moneke, Wolfgang Jungraithmayr
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Original Articles
- Complications
- Gemigliptin Attenuates Renal Fibrosis Through Down-Regulation of the NLRP3 Inflammasome
- Jung Beom Seo, Yeon-Kyung Choi, Hye-In Woo, Yun-A Jung, Sungwoo Lee, Seunghyeong Lee, Mihyang Park, In-Kyu Lee, Gwon-Soo Jung, Keun-Gyu Park
- Diabetes Metab J. 2019;43(6):830-839. Published online March 5, 2019
- DOI: https://doi.org/10.4093/dmj.2018.0181
- 6,424 View
- 144 Download
- 31 Web of Science
- 31 Crossref
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Abstract
PDFPubReader
Background The hypoglycemic drugs dipeptidyl peptidase-4 (DPP-4) inhibitors have proven protective effects on diabetic kidney disease, including renal fibrosis. Although NOD-like receptor protein 3 (NLRP3) inflammasome activation is known to play an important role in the progression of renal fibrosis, the impact of DPP-4 inhibition on NLRP3-mediated inflammation while ameliorating renal fibrosis has not been fully elucidated. Here, we report that the renoprotective effect of gemigliptin is associated with a reduction in NLRP3-mediated inflammation in a murine model of renal fibrosis.
Methods We examined the effects of gemigliptin on renal tubulointerstitial fibrosis induced in mice by unilateral ureteral obstruction (UUO). Using immunohistochemical and Western blot analysis, we quantitated components of the NLRP3 inflammasome in kidneys with and without gemigliptin treatment, and
in vitro in human kidney tubular epithelial human renal proximal tubule cells (HK-2) cells, we further analyzed the effect of gemigliptin on transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β)-stimulated production of profibrotic proteins.Results Immunohistological examination revealed that gemigliptin ameliorated UUO-induced tubular atrophy and renal fibrosis. Gemigliptin-treated kidneys showed a reduction in levels of NLRP3, apoptosis-associated speck-like protein containing a caspase recruitment domain (ASC), caspase-1, and interleukin-1β, which had all been markedly increased by UUO. In line with the
in vivo Conclusion The present study shows that activation of the NLRP3 inflammasome contributes to UUO-induced renal fibrosis and the renoprotective effect of gemigliptin is associated with attenuation of NLRP3 inflammasome activation.
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- Complications
- Serum Levels of PCSK9 Are Associated with Coronary Angiographic Severity in Patients with Acute Coronary Syndrome
- Kwi-Hyun Bae, Sung Woo Kim, Yeon-Kyung Choi, Jung Beom Seo, Namkyun Kim, Chang-Yeon Kim, Won Kee Lee, Sungwoo Lee, Jung Guk Kim, In-Kyu Lee, Jang Hoon Lee, Keun-Gyu Park
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- DOI: https://doi.org/10.4093/dmj.2017.0081
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Abstract
PDFPubReader
Background Proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin type 9 (PCSK9) is a circulating protein that promotes degradation of the low density lipoprotein receptor. PCSK9 has emerged as a target for lipid-lowering therapy, but the predictive value of the serum level of PCSK9 for the severity of coronary disease is largely unknown.
Methods From December 2009 to July 2012, 121 individuals who underwent coronary angiography (CAG) because of clinically suspected acute coronary syndrome were enrolled in this study. Serum levels of PCSK9 and metabolic parameters were measured. SYNTAX (SYNergy between percutaneous coronary intervention with [paclitaxel-eluting] TAXUS stent and cardiac surgery) and GRACE (Global Registry of Acute Coronary Events) scores were calculated.
Results Individuals with CAG lesions (
n =100) had significantly higher levels of PCSK9 than those without lesions (n =21). The study population was stratified into three groups according to serum levels of PCSK9. The odds radio for occurrence of one or more CAG lesions was significantly higher in the group with the highest level of PCSK9 (odds ratio, 7.468;P =0.011) than in the group with the lowest level of PCSK9. Serum PCSK9 was positively associated with the number of involved coronary arteries. Multivariable linear regression indicated that levels of PCSK9 were positively correlated with GRACE risk scores and SYNTAX scores.Conclusion Serum PCSK9 concentrations are higher in patients with coronary artery lesions, and are associated with SYNTAX and GRACE scores, suggesting that PCSK9 is a potential biomarker of the severity of coronary artery disease.
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