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Education as Prescription for Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: Compliance and Efficacy in Clinical Practice
Mi Yeon Kim, Sunghwan Suh, Sang-Man Jin, Se Won Kim, Ji Cheol Bae, Kyu Yeon Hur, Sung Hye Kim, Mi Yong Rha, Young Yun Cho, Myung-Shik Lee, Moon Kyu Lee, Kwang-Won Kim, Jae Hyeon Kim
Diabetes Metab J. 2012;36(6):452-459.   Published online December 12, 2012
DOI: https://doi.org/10.4093/dmj.2012.36.6.452
  • 5,105 View
  • 34 Download
  • 12 Crossref
AbstractAbstract PDFPubReader   
Background

Diabetes self-management education has an important role in diabetes management. The efficacy of education has been proven in several randomized trials. However, the status of diabetes education programs in real Korean clinical practice has not yet been evaluated in terms of patient compliance with the education prescription.

Methods

We retrospectively analyzed clinical and laboratory data from all patients who were ordered to undergo diabetes education during 2009 at Samsung Medical Center, Seoul, Korea (n=2,291). After excluding ineligible subjects, 588 patients were included in the analysis.

Results

Among the 588 patients, 433 received education. The overall compliance rate was 73.6%, which was significantly higher in the subjects with a short duration or living in a rural area compared to those with a long duration (85.0% vs. 65.1%, respectively; P<0.001) or living in an urban area (78.2% vs. 70.4%, respectively; P=0.037). The hemoglobin A1c decreased greater in the compliant group (from 7.84±1.54 at baseline to 6.79±1.06 at 3 months and 6.97±1.20 at 12 months after prescription in the compliant group vs. from 7.74±1.25 to 7.14±1.02 and 7.24±1.24 in the non-compliant group; P=0.001). The decrease in hemoglobin A1c was greater in the subjects with a short duration (P=0.032).

Conclusion

In our study a large percent of patients refuse to get education despite having a prescription from their physician. This refusal rate was higher in the patients with long-standing diabetes or in urban residence. Furthermore, education was more effective in patients with a short duration of diabetes in clinical practice.

Citations

Citations to this article as recorded by  
  • Clinical Effects of a Home Care Pilot Program for Patients with Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus: A Retrospective Cohort Study
    Sejeong Lee, KyungYi Kim, Ji Eun Kim, Yura Hyun, Minyoung Lee, Myung-Il Hahm, Sang Gyu Lee, Eun Seok Kang
    Diabetes & Metabolism Journal.2023; 47(5): 693.     CrossRef
  • Management Status of Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus at General Hospitals in Korea: A 5-Year Follow-Up Study
    Jin Hee Jung, Jung Hwa Lee, Hyang Mi Jang, Young Na, Hee Sun Choi, Yeon Hee Lee, Yang Gyo Kang, Na Rae Kim, Jeong Rim Lee, Bok Rye Song, Kang Hee Sim
    The Journal of Korean Diabetes.2022; 23(1): 64.     CrossRef
  • The Effectiveness of Multidisciplinary Team-Based Education in the Management of Type 2 Diabetes
    Jong Ho Kim, Yun Jeong Nam, Won Jin Kim, Kyung Ah Lee, A Ran Baek, Jung Nam Park, Jin Mi Kim, Seo Young Oh, Eun Heui Kim, Min Jin Lee, Yun Kyung Jeon, Bo Hyun Kim, In Joo Kim, Yong Ki Kim, Sang Soo Kim
    The Journal of Korean Diabetes.2018; 19(2): 119.     CrossRef
  • The diabetes self-management educational programs and their integration in the usual care: A systematic literature review
    Emmanuel Kumah, Giulia Sciolli, Maria Laura Toraldo, Anna Maria Murante
    Health Policy.2018; 122(8): 866.     CrossRef
  • Diabetes Camp as Continuing Education for Diabetes Self-Management in Middle-Aged and Elderly People with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus
    So Young Park, Sun Young Kim, Hye Mi Lee, Kyu Yeon Hur, Jae Hyeon Kim, Moon-Kyu Lee, Kang-Hee Sim, Sang-Man Jin
    Diabetes & Metabolism Journal.2017; 41(2): 99.     CrossRef
  • Educational attainment moderates the associations of diabetes education with health outcomes
    Su Hyun Kim
    International Journal of Nursing Practice.2016; 22(5): 444.     CrossRef
  • Experiences of Diabetes Education among Educators of Diabetes : a content analysis approach
    Soo Jin Kang, Soo Jung Chang
    Journal of Korean Public Health Nursing.2016; 30(2): 221.     CrossRef
  • Barrier Factors to the Completion of Diabetes Education in Korean Diabetic Adult Patients: Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Surveys 2007-2012
    Hee-Tae Kim, Kiheon Lee, Se Young Jung, Seung-Min Oh, Su-Min Jeong, Yoon-Jung Choi
    Korean Journal of Family Medicine.2015; 36(5): 203.     CrossRef
  • Determinants of glycaemic control in a practice setting: the role of weight loss and treatment adherence (The DELTA Study)
    C. McAdam‐Marx, B. K. Bellows, S. Unni, J. Mukherjee, G. Wygant, U. Iloeje, J. N. Liberman, X. Ye, F. J. Bloom, D. I. Brixner
    International Journal of Clinical Practice.2014; 68(11): 1309.     CrossRef
  • Health education via mobile text messaging for glycemic control in adults with type 2 diabetes: A systematic review and meta-analysis
    Mohsen Saffari, Ghader Ghanizadeh, Harold G. Koenig
    Primary Care Diabetes.2014; 8(4): 275.     CrossRef
  • The Appropriateness of the Length of Insulin Needles Based on Determination of Skin and Subcutaneous Fat Thickness in the Abdomen and Upper Arm in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes
    Kang Hee Sim, Moon Sook Hwang, Sun Young Kim, Hye Mi Lee, Ji Yeun Chang, Moon Kyu Lee
    Diabetes & Metabolism Journal.2014; 38(2): 120.     CrossRef
  • Diabetes Attitudes, Wishes and Needs second study (DAWN2™): Cross‐national benchmarking of diabetes‐related psychosocial outcomes for people with diabetes
    A. Nicolucci, K. Kovacs Burns, R. I. G. Holt, M. Comaschi, N. Hermanns, H. Ishii, A. Kokoszka, F. Pouwer, S. E. Skovlund, H. Stuckey, I. Tarkun, M. Vallis, J. Wens, M. Peyrot
    Diabetic Medicine.2013; 30(7): 767.     CrossRef
Effects of Resistance Training and Aerobic Exercise on Insulin Sensitivity in Overweight Korean Adolescents: A Controlled Randomized Trial
Sunghwan Suh, In-Kyong Jeong, Mi Yeon Kim, Yeon Soo Kim, Sue Shin, Sun Sin Kim, Jae Hyeon Kim
Diabetes Metab J. 2011;35(4):418-426.   Published online August 31, 2011
DOI: https://doi.org/10.4093/dmj.2011.35.4.418
  • 22,460 View
  • 58 Download
  • 23 Crossref
AbstractAbstract PDFPubReader   
Background

Data on the impact of resistance training on insulin resistance in overweight or obese children are inconclusive.

Methods

Thirty overweight South Korean adolescents (mean age of 13.10 years) were divided by sex, and then randomly assigned to one of three treatment groups, which were the diet only (DO), diet with aerobic exercise (AE), or diet with resistance training (RT) group. Physiologic and metabolic parameters were assessed at baseline and after 12 weeks of exercise training and diet modification.

Results

Both exercise groups (aerobic and resistance) showed significant improvements in their insulin area under the curve and insulin sensitivity index values when compared to their baseline values while the DO group showed no significant changes in these variables. Age-, sex-, and body mass index (BMI)-adjusted intergroup comparison analyses showed a marked reduction in BMI and a significant reduction in muscle mass in the AE group when compared to the RT group and the DO group, respectively.

Conclusion

A 12-week exercise training program of either resistance or aerobic activity improved insulin sensitivity in overweight adolescents, although it failed to show superiority over a DO program. Aerobic exercise decreased both body weight and BMI, and it was noted that this group also had a significant reduction in muscle mass when compared to the DO group.

Citations

Citations to this article as recorded by  
  • Effect of high-intensity interval training and moderate-intensity continuous training on cardiovascular risk factors in adolescents: Systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials
    Ya Wang, Shun Wang, Xiangwu Meng, Husheng Zhou
    Physiology & Behavior.2024; 275: 114459.     CrossRef
  • Exploring molecular mechanisms of exercise on metabolic syndrome: a bibliometric and visualization study using CiteSpace
    Kang Wan, Yue Jin, Ruobing Fan, Qizi Xu, Xiaoshi Li, Hongmei Yan, Ru Wang
    Frontiers in Endocrinology.2024;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • Exercise and Nutrition Strategies for Combating Sarcopenia and Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus in Older Adults
    Dionysia Argyropoulou, Nikolaos D. Geladas, Tzortzis Nomikos, Vassilis Paschalis
    Journal of Functional Morphology and Kinesiology.2022; 7(2): 48.     CrossRef
  • Effects and dose-response relationships of exercise intervention on weight loss in overweight and obese children: a meta-regression and system review
    Rui Xu, Qiao-Ting Huang, Yu-Ting Chen, Peng-Yin Wang
    Journal of Pediatric Endocrinology and Metabolism.2022; 35(9): 1117.     CrossRef
  • The Benefits of Resistance Training in Obese Adolescents: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis
    Bruno Ribeiro, Pedro Forte, Raquel Vinhas, Daniel A. Marinho, Luís B. Faíl, Ana Pereira, Fernando Vieira, Henrique P. Neiva
    Sports Medicine - Open.2022;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • Effects of Eight Weeks of Combined Training with Antioxidant Vitamins E and C on Glutathione, Glutathione Peroxidase, and Superoxide Dismutase in the Heart Tissue of Streptozotocin-induced Diabetic Rats
    Elaheh Heydarnia, Farzaneh Taghian, Khosro Jalali Dehkodi, Mehrzad Moghadasi
    Gene, Cell and Tissue.2021;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • Effect of resistance training with and without caloric restriction on visceral fat: A systemic review and meta‐analysis
    Mousa Khalafi, Abbas Malandish, Sara K. Rosenkranz, Ali A. Ravasi
    Obesity Reviews.2021;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • IMPACT OF TREADMILL RUNNING ON BLOOD GLUCOSE LEVEL OF TYPE 2 DIABETES MELLITUS PATIENTS IN GHURKI TRUST AND TEACHING HOSPITAL
    Samiya Noreen, Muhammad Shafique, Tayyaba Mustafa Mian, Hafiz Abdul Rehman, Abdul Rehman, Muhammad Saad Shafiq, Ibraheem Zafar, Ramsha Masood
    Pakistan BioMedical Journal.2021;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • Role of exercise on insulin sensitivity and beta-cell function: is exercise sufficient for the prevention of youth-onset type 2 diabetes?
    Joon Young Kim, Justin Y. Jeon
    Annals of Pediatric Endocrinology & Metabolism.2020; 25(4): 208.     CrossRef
  • Effects of HIIT and MICT on cardiovascular risk factors in adults with overweight and/or obesity: A meta-analysis
    LiQiang Su, JinMei Fu, ShunLi Sun, GuangGao Zhao, Wei Cheng, ChuanChuan Dou, MingHui Quan, Belinda Parmenter
    PLOS ONE.2019; 14(1): e0210644.     CrossRef
  • What Is the Role of Resistance Exercise in Improving the Cardiometabolic Health of Adolescents with Obesity?
    SoJung Lee, YoonMyung Kim, Jennifer L. Kuk
    Journal of Obesity & Metabolic Syndrome.2019; 28(2): 76.     CrossRef
  • Does exercise training affect resting metabolic rate in adolescents with obesity?
    Angela S. Alberga, Denis Prud’homme, Ronald J. Sigal, Gary S. Goldfield, Stasia Hadjiyannakis, Réjeanne Gougeon, Penny Phillips, Janine Malcolm, George A. Wells, Steve Doucette, Jinhui Ma, Glen P. Kenny
    Applied Physiology, Nutrition, and Metabolism.2017; 42(1): 15.     CrossRef
  • Iniciación al entrenamiento de fuerza en edades tempranas: revisión
    G. Peña, J.R. Heredia, C. Lloret, M. Martín, M.E. Da Silva-Grigoletto
    Revista Andaluza de Medicina del Deporte.2016; 9(1): 41.     CrossRef
  • Effects of aerobic training, resistance training, or both on cardiorespiratory and musculoskeletal fitness in adolescents with obesity: the HEARTY trial
    Angela S. Alberga, Denis Prud’homme, Ronald J. Sigal, Gary S. Goldfield, Stasia Hadjiyannakis, Penny Phillips, Janine Malcolm, Jinhui Ma, Steve Doucette, Rejeanne Gougeon, George A. Wells, Glen P. Kenny
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    Farzad Zehsaz, Negin Farhangi, Mehri Ghahramani
    The Physician and Sportsmedicine.2016; 44(4): 355.     CrossRef
  • Epidemiology of Childhood Obesity in Korea
    Kyoung Hwa Ha, Dae Jung Kim
    Endocrinology and Metabolism.2016; 31(4): 510.     CrossRef
  • Muscle strength in youth and cardiovascular risk in young adulthood (the European Youth Heart Study)
    Anders Grøntved, Mathias Ried-Larsen, Niels Christian Møller, Peter Lund Kristensen, Karsten Froberg, Søren Brage, Lars Bo Andersen
    British Journal of Sports Medicine.2015; 49(2): 90.     CrossRef
  • Position statement on youth resistance training: the 2014 International Consensus
    Rhodri S Lloyd, Avery D Faigenbaum, Michael H Stone, Jon L Oliver, Ian Jeffreys, Jeremy A Moody, Clive Brewer, Kyle C Pierce, Teri M McCambridge, Rick Howard, Lee Herrington, Brian Hainline, Lyle J Micheli, Rod Jaques, William J Kraemer, Michael G McBride
    British Journal of Sports Medicine.2014; 48(7): 498.     CrossRef
  • Abdominal obesity and low physical activity are associated with insulin resistance in overweight adolescents: a cross-sectional study
    Claudia-María Velásquez-Rodríguez, Marcela Velásquez-Villa, Leidy Gómez-Ocampo, Juliana Bermúdez-Cardona
    BMC Pediatrics.2014;[Epub]     CrossRef
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    Michael V. Fedewa, Nicholas H. Gist, Ellen M. Evans, Rod K. Dishman
    Pediatrics.2014; 133(1): e163.     CrossRef
  • What is the Effect of Resistance Training on the Strength, Body Composition and Psychosocial Status of Overweight and Obese Children and Adolescents? A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
    Natasha Schranz, Grant Tomkinson, Tim Olds
    Sports Medicine.2013; 43(9): 893.     CrossRef
  • A Review of Randomized Controlled Trials of Aerobic Exercise Training on Fitness and Cardiometabolic Risk Factors in Obese Adolescents
    A. S. Alberga, A. Frappier, R. J. Sigal, D. Prud'homme, G. P. Kenny
    The Physician and Sportsmedicine.2013; 41(2): 44.     CrossRef
  • Effects of Aerobic Versus Resistance Exercise Without Caloric Restriction on Abdominal Fat, Intrahepatic Lipid, and Insulin Sensitivity in Obese Adolescent Boys
    SoJung Lee, Fida Bacha, Tamara Hannon, Jennifer L. Kuk, Chris Boesch, Silva Arslanian
    Diabetes.2012; 61(11): 2787.     CrossRef

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