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Original Article
- Metabolic Risk/Epidemiology
- Association of Body Composition Changes with the Development of Diabetes Mellitus: A Nation-Wide Population Study
- Hyung Jun Kim, Hyung-Woo Lee, Min-Kyoung Kang, Gwang Hyun Leem, Min-Ho Kim, Tae-Jin Song
- Diabetes Metab J. 2024;48(6):1093-1104. Published online May 21, 2024
- DOI: https://doi.org/10.4093/dmj.2023.0243
- 11,082 View
- 245 Download
- 8 Web of Science
- 11 Crossref
-
Abstract
PDF
Supplementary Material
PubReader 
ePub - Background
We investigated the association between body composition changes and new-onset diabetes mellitus (DM) development according to the body mass index (BMI) in a longitudinal setting in the general Korean population.
Methods
From 2010 to 2011 (1st) and 2012 to 2013 (2nd), we included 1,607,508 stratified random sample participants without DM from the National Health Insurance Service-Health Screening dataset of Korean. The predicted appendicular skeletal muscle mass index (pASMMI), body fat mass index (pBFMI), and lean body mass index (pLBMI) were calculated using pre-validated anthropometric prediction equations. A prediction equation was constructed by combining age, weight, height, waist circumference, serum creatinine levels, alcohol consumption status, physical activity, and smoking history as variables affecting body composition.
Results
Decreased pASMMI (men: hazard ratio [HR], 0.866; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.830 to 0.903; P<0.001; women: HR, 0.748; 95% CI, 0.635 to 0.881; P<0.001), decreased pLBMI (men: HR, 0.931; 95% CI, 0.912 to 0.952; P<0.001; women: HR, 0.906; 95% CI, 0.856 to 0.959; P=0.007), and increased pBFMI (men: HR, 1.073; 95% CI, 1.050 to 1.096; P<0.001; women: HR, 1.114; 95% CI, 1.047 to 1.186; P=0.007) correlated with the development of new-onset DM. Notably, only in the overweight and obese BMI categories, decreases in pASMMI and pLBMI and increases in pBFMI associated with new-onset DM, regardless of gender.
Conclusion
Decreased pASMMI and pLBMI, and increased pBFMI with excess fat accumulation may enhance the risk of newonset DM. Therefore, appropriate changes in body composition can help prevent new-onset DM. -
Citations
Citations to this article as recorded by
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Cut Husna, Darmawati ., Sarah Firdausa, Irfanita Nurhidayah, Ahyana .
The Open Nursing Journal.2026;[Epub] CrossRef - Associations of Body Composition and Physical Function With Incident Diabetes in Older Adults: A 14‐Year Prospective Cohort Study
Ting Zhang, Shuyi Li, Yafei Wu, Jason Leung, Alice Pik‐Shan Kong, Amany K. Elshorbagy, T. W. Auyeung, Timothy Kwok
Journal of Cachexia, Sarcopenia and Muscle.2026;[Epub] CrossRef - Association Between Body Composition and Risk of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Xinrui Cao, Guoli Shen, Ting Sun
Diabetes, Metabolic Syndrome and Obesity.2026; Volume 19: 1. CrossRef - Reciprocal risks of diabetes and sarcopenia in aging Chinese adults: A prospective cohort study using a semi-Markov multi-state framework
Yirui Chen, Yinuo Qu, Siyi Kong, Tianyun Wang, Zhiyuan Liu, Huixia Ren, Kai Ma, Tieniu Zhao, Hongwu Wang, Mengyang Wang
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Endocrine Practice.2026;[Epub] CrossRef - Integrated Fat-Muscle Patterns Drive Sex-Specific Diabetes Risk: UK Biobank Evidence
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The Korean Journal of Internal Medicine.2025; 40(6): 975. CrossRef - Inhibition of CILP2 Improves Glucose Metabolism and Mitochondrial Dysfunction in Sarcopenia via the Wnt Signalling Pathway
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Journal of Cachexia, Sarcopenia and Muscle.2024; 15(6): 2544. CrossRef
- Impact of Long-Term Insulin Therapy on Body Composition and Metabolic Age in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Patients: A Cross-Sectional Study Using Bioelectrical Impedance Analysis
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