Background Obesity is associated with adverse health events among diabetic patients, however, the relationship between obesity fluctuation and risk of microvascular complications among this specific population is unclear. We aimed to examine the effect of waist circumference (WC) and body mass index (BMI) variability on the risk of diabetic microvascular outcome
Methods Annually recorded anthropometric data in the Action to Control Cardiovascular Risk in Diabetes (ACCORD) study was used to examine the association of WC and BMI variability defined as variability independent of mean, with the risk of microvascular outcomes, including neuropathy, nephropathy, and retinopathy. Cox proportional hazards models were used to estimate the hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) (Trial registration: ClinicalTrials.gov., no. NCT00000620).
Results There were 4,031, 5,369, and 2,601 cases of neuropathy, nephropathy, and retinopathy during a follow-up period of 22,524, 23,941, and 23,850 person-years, respectively. Higher levels of WC and BMI variability were associated with an increased risk of neuropathy. Compared with the lowest quartile, the fully-adjusted HR (95% CI) for the highest quartile of WC and BMI variability for neuropathy risk were 1.21 (1.05 to 1.40) and 1.16 (1.00 to 1.33), respectively. Also, higher quartiles of BMI variability but not WC variability were associated with increased risk of nephropathic events. The fully-adjusted HR (95% CI) for the highest quartile compared with the lowest quartile of BMI variability was 1.31 (1.18 to 1.46). However, the results for retinopathic events were all insignificant.
Conclusion Among participants with type 2 diabetes mellitus, WC and BMI variability were associated with a higher risk of neuropathic events, whereas BMI variability was associated with an increased risk of nephropathic events.
Citations
Citations to this article as recorded by
Association of body mass index and blood pressure variability with 10-year mortality and renal disease progression in type 2 diabetes Stephen Fava, Sascha Reiff Acta Diabetologica.2024; 61(6): 747. CrossRef
Investigating the causal association of generalized and abdominal obesity with microvascular complications in patients with type 2 diabetes: A community‐based prospective study Jiaheng Chen, Yu Ting Li, Zimin Niu, Zhanpeng He, Yao Jie Xie, Jose Hernandez, Wenyong Huang, Harry H X Wang Diabetes, Obesity and Metabolism.2024; 26(7): 2796. CrossRef
Serum Spexin Level Is Negatively Associated With Peripheral Neuropathy and Sensory Pain in Type 2 Diabetes Ying Liu, Di Wu, Hangping Zheng, Yunzhi Ni, Lu Zhu, Yaojing Jiang, Jiarong Dai, Quanya Sun, Ying Zhao, Qi Zhang, Yehong Yang, Rui Liu Journal of Diabetes Research.2024; 2024: 1. CrossRef
Cardiovascular health metrics and diabetic nephropathy: a nationally representative cross-sectional study Yanpei Mai, Si Yan, Liya Gong International Urology and Nephrology.2024;[Epub] CrossRef
Waist Circumference and Body Mass Index Variability and Incident Diabetic Microvascular Complications: A Post Hoc Analysis of ACCORD Trial (Diabetes Metab J 2022;46:767-80) Yun Kyung Cho Diabetes & Metabolism Journal.2023; 47(1): 147. CrossRef
Waist Circumference and Body Mass Index Variability and Incident Diabetic Microvascular Complications: A Post Hoc Analysis of ACCORD Trial (Diabetes Metab J 2022;46:767-80) Daniel Nyarko Hukportie, Fu-Rong Li, Rui Zhou, Jia-Zhen Zheng, Xiao-Xiang Wu, Xian-Bo Wu Diabetes & Metabolism Journal.2023; 47(1): 150. CrossRef
Weight variability and diabetes complications Francesco Prattichizzo, Chiara Frigé, Rosalba La Grotta, Antonio Ceriello Diabetes Research and Clinical Practice.2023; 199: 110646. CrossRef
Risk Factors for Diabetic Retinopathy in Latin America (Mexico) and the World: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis Oscar Vivanco-Rojas, Sonia López-Letayf, Valentina Londoño-Angarita, Fátima Sofía Magaña-Guerrero, Beatriz Buentello-Volante, Yonathan Garfias Journal of Clinical Medicine.2023; 12(20): 6583. CrossRef
Effects of body weight variability on risks of macro- and microvascular outcomes in individuals with type 2 diabetes: The Rio de Janeiro type 2 diabetes cohort Claudia R.L. Cardoso, Nathalie C. Leite, Gil F. Salles Diabetes Research and Clinical Practice.2023; 205: 110992. CrossRef
Correlation Between the Variability of Different Obesity Indices and Diabetic Kidney Disease: A Retrospective Cohort Study Based on Populations in Taiwan Zhenzhen Sun, Kun Wang, Chuan Yun, Fang Bai, Xiaodan Yuan, Yaujiunn Lee, Qingqing Lou Diabetes, Metabolic Syndrome and Obesity.2023; Volume 16: 2791. CrossRef
Unraveling shared risk factors for diabetic foot ulcer: a comprehensive Mendelian randomization analysis Kangli Yin, Tianci Qiao, Yongkang Zhang, Jiarui Liu, Yuzhen Wang, Fei Qi, Junlin Deng, Cheng Zhao, Yongcheng Xu, Yemin Cao BMJ Open Diabetes Research & Care.2023; 11(6): e003523. CrossRef