Diabetes & Metabolism Journal

Mi Kyung Kim (Kim MK)

11 Articles

Metabolic Risk/Epidemiology
2023 Diabetic Kidney Disease Fact Sheet in Korea: Nam Hoon Kim, Mi-Hae Seo, Jin Hyung Jung, Kyung Do Han, Mi Kyung Kim, Nan Hee Kim, on Behalf of Diabetic Kidney Disease Research Group of the Korean Diabetes Association; Diabetes Metab J. 2024;48(3):463-472. Published online March 19, 2024; DOI: https://doi.org/10.4093/dmj.2023.0310

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Background
To investigate the prevalence, incidence, comorbidities, and management status of diabetic kidney disease (DKD) and diabetes-related end-stage kidney disease (ESKD) in South Korea.
Methods
We used the Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey data (2019 to 2021, n=2,665) for the evaluation of prevalence, comorbidities, control rate of glycemia and comorbidities in DKD, and the Korean Health Insurance Service-customized database (2008 to 2019, n=3,950,857) for the evaluation of trends in the incidence and prevalence rate of diabetes-related ESKD, renin-angiotensin system (RAS) blockers and sodium glucose cotransporter 2 (SGLT2) inhibitors use for DKD, and the risk of atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD) and mortality according to DKD stages. DKD was defined as albuminuria or low estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) <60 mL/min/1.73 m² in patients with diabetes mellitus.
Results
The prevalence of DKD was 25.4% (albuminuria, 22.0%; low eGFR, 6.73%) in patients with diabetes mellitus aged ≥30 years. Patients with DKD had a higher rate of comorbidities, including hypertension, dyslipidemia, and central obesity; however, their control rates were lower than those without DKD. Prescription rate of SGLT2 inhibitors with reduced eGFR increased steadily, reaching 5.94% in 2019. Approximately 70% of DKD patients were treated with RAS blockers. The prevalence rate of diabetesrelated ESKD has been steadily increasing, with a higher rate in older adults. ASCVD and mortality were significantly associated with an in increase in DKD stage.
Conclusion
DKD is prevalent among Korean patients with diabetes and is an independent risk factor for cardiovascular morbidity and mortality, which requiring intensive management of diabetes and comorbidities. The prevalence of diabetes-related ESKD has been increasing, especially in the older adults, during past decade.

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Endothelial NOX5 Obliterates the Reno-Protective Effect of Nox4 Deletion by Promoting Renal Fibrosis via Activation of EMT and ROS-Sensitive Pathways in Diabetes
Karin A. M. Jandeleit-Dahm, Haritha R. Kankanamalage, Aozhi Dai, Jaroslawna Meister, Sara Lopez-Trevino, Mark E. Cooper, Rhian M. Touyz, Christopher R. J. Kennedy, Jay C. Jha
Antioxidants.2024; 13(4): 396. CrossRef

Complications
Albuminuria Is Associated with Steatosis Burden in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus and Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease: Eugene Han, Mi Kyung Kim, Byoung Kuk Jang, Hye Soon Kim; Diabetes Metab J. 2021;45(5):698-707. Published online February 2, 2021; DOI: https://doi.org/10.4093/dmj.2020.0118

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Background
This study aimed to investigate the association between hepatic steatosis burden and albuminuria in Korean patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD).
Methods
We recruited 100 patients with both T2DM and NAFLD, but without chronic kidney disease. Albuminuria was defined as a spot urinary albumin-to-creatinine ratio (ACR) ≥30 mg/g. Transient elastography was performed, and the steatosis burden was quantified by controlled attenuation parameter (CAP) with significant steatosis defined as CAP >302 dB/m.
Results
The prevalence of significant steatosis and albuminuria was 56.0% and 21.0%, respectively. Subjects with significant steatosis were significantly younger and had a significantly shorter duration of T2DM, greater waist circumference, and higher body mass index, total cholesterol, triglyceride, and low density lipoprotein cholesterol levels, than subjects without severe NAFLD (all P<0.05). Albuminuria was higher in patients with significant steatosis than in patients without significant steatosis (32.1% vs. 6.8%, P=0.002). Urinary ACR showed a correlation with CAP (r=0.331, P=0.001), and multiple linear regression analysis revealed a significant association between a high degree of albuminuria and high CAP value (r=0.321, P=0.001). Additionally, multivariate logistic regression analysis demonstrated the independent association between urinary ACR and significant steatosis after adjustment for confounding factors including age, body mass index, duration of T2DM, low density lipoprotein level, and renin-angiotensin system blocker use (odds ratio, 1.88; 95% confidence interval, 1.31 to 2.71; P=0.001).
Conclusion
T2DM patients with NAFLD had a higher prevalence of albuminuria, which correlated with their steatosis burden.

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Appendicular Skeletal Muscle Mass to Visceral Fat Area Ratio Predicts Hepatic Morbidities
Eugene Han, Yong-ho Lee, Sang Hoon Ahn, Bong-Soo Cha, Seung Up Kim, Byung-Wan Lee
Gut and Liver.2024; 18(3): 509. CrossRef
A Novel Anthropometric Parameter, Weight-Adjusted Waist Index Represents Sarcopenic Obesity in Newly Diagnosed Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus
Min Jeong Park, Soon Young Hwang, Nam Hoon Kim, Sin Gon Kim, Kyung Mook Choi, Sei Hyun Baik, Hye Jin Yoo
Journal of Obesity & Metabolic Syndrome.2023; 32(2): 130. CrossRef
Significance of Diabetic Kidney Disease Biomarkers in Predicting Metabolic-Associated Fatty Liver Disease
Jaehyun Bae, Byung-Wan Lee
Biomedicines.2023; 11(7): 1928. CrossRef
Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease and sarcopenia is associated with the risk of albuminuria independent of insulin resistance, and obesity
Eugene Han, Mi Kyung Kim, Seung-Soon Im, Byoung Kuk Jang, Hye Soon Kim
Journal of Diabetes and its Complications.2022; 36(8): 108253. CrossRef
Development and implementation of patient-level prediction models of end-stage renal disease for type 2 diabetes patients using fast healthcare interoperability resources
San Wang, Jieun Han, Se Young Jung, Tae Jung Oh, Sen Yao, Sanghee Lim, Hee Hwang, Ho-Young Lee, Haeun Lee
Scientific Reports.2022;[Epub] CrossRef
Beyond Liver Disease: Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease and Advanced Liver Fibrosis in Kidney Disease
Eugene Han
Diabetes & Metabolism Journal.2022; 46(4): 564. CrossRef
Muscle fat contents rather than muscle mass determines nonalcoholic steatohepatitis and liver fibrosis in patients with severe obesity
Eugene Han, Mi Kyung Kim, Hye Won Lee, Seungwan Ryu, Hye Soon Kim, Byoung Kuk Jang, Youngsung Suh
Obesity.2022; 30(12): 2440. CrossRef
Decreased Serum Osteocalcin is an Independent Risk Factor for Metabolic Dysfunction-Associated Fatty Liver Disease in Type 2 Diabetes
Yu-Jie Wang, Chun-Hua Jin, Jiang-Feng Ke, Jun-Wei Wang, Yi-Lin Ma, Jun-Xi Lu, Mei-Fang Li, Lian-Xi Li
Diabetes, Metabolic Syndrome and Obesity: Targets and Therapy.2022; Volume 15: 3717. CrossRef
Albuminuria Is Associated with Steatosis Burden in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus and Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease (Diabetes Metab J 2021;45:698-707)
Eugene Han, Hye Soon Kim
Diabetes & Metabolism Journal.2021; 45(6): 972. CrossRef
Albuminuria Is Associated with Steatosis Burden in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus and Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease (Diabetes Metab J 2021;45:698-707)
Mi-kyung Kim
Diabetes & Metabolism Journal.2021; 45(6): 968. CrossRef
Liver fibrosis indices are related to diabetic peripheral neuropathy in individuals with type 2 diabetes
Kyuho Kim, Tae Jung Oh, Hyen Chung Cho, Yun Kyung Lee, Chang Ho Ahn, Bo Kyung Koo, Jae Hoon Moon, Sung Hee Choi, Hak Chul Jang
Scientific Reports.2021;[Epub] CrossRef

Impact of Social Distancing Due to Coronavirus Disease 2019 on the Changes in Glycosylated Hemoglobin Level in People with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (Diabetes Metab J 2021;45:109-14): Sung-Don Park, Sung-Woo Kim, Jun Sung Moon, Jae-Han Jeon, Mi Kyung Kim, Keun-Gyu Park; Diabetes Metab J. 2021;45(2):279-280. Published online March 25, 2021; DOI: https://doi.org/10.4093/dmj.2020.0300

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Indicators of biochemical control of diabetes mellitus during limited availability of health service in the context of hypoglycemic therapy
Marcin Kleibert, Beata Mrozikiewicz-Rakowska, Klaudia Korycka, Iga Płachta, Patrycja Małgorzata Bąk, Daniel Bałut, Jakub Zieliński, Wojciech Zgliczyński
Wiadomości Lekarskie.2024; 77(7): 1318. CrossRef
A cross-sectional study on the telemedicine usage and glycemic status of diabetic patients during the COVID-19 pandemic
Novi Sulistia Wati, Pokkate Wongsasuluk, Pradana Soewondo
Medical Journal of Indonesia.2021; 30(3): 215. CrossRef

COVID-19
Impact of Social Distancing Due to Coronavirus Disease 2019 on the Changes in Glycosylated Hemoglobin Level in People with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: Sung-Don Park, Sung-Woo Kim, Jun Sung Moon, Yin Young Lee, Nan Hee Cho, Ji-Hyun Lee, Jae-Han Jeon, Yeon-Kyung Choi, Mi Kyung Kim, Keun-Gyu Park; Diabetes Metab J. 2021;45(1):109-114. Published online December 4, 2020; DOI: https://doi.org/10.4093/dmj.2020.0226

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This study investigated the impact of social distancing due to coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) on glycemic control in people with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). We retrospectively analyzed the change in glycosylated hemoglobin level (ΔHbA1c) in people with T2DM who undertook social distancing because of COVID-19. We compared the ΔHbA1c between COVID-19 and non-COVID-19 cohorts that were enrolled at the same time of year. The ΔHbA1c of the COVID-19 cohort was significantly higher than that of two non-COVID-19 cohorts. Subgroup analysis according to age and baseline HbA1c level showed that social distancing significantly increased the mean HbA1c level of participants of <50 years. The ΔHbA1c of participants of <50 years and with HbA1c <7.0% in the COVID-19 cohort showed larger changes than other subgroups. In adjusted model, adjusted ΔHbA1c levels in the COVID-19 cohort remained significantly higher than those in the two other cohorts. Social distancing negatively impacts blood glucose control in people with T2DM, especially those who are younger and have good blood glucose control.

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Impact of two COVID-19 lockdowns on HbA1c levels in patients with type 2 diabetes and associations with patient characteristics: a multicentre, observational cohort study over three years
Ingmar Schäfer, Daniel Tajdar, Laura Walther, Lasse Bittner, Dagmar Lühmann, Martin Scherer
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Influence of the COVID-19 pandemic on the achievement of guideline targets for HbA1c, blood pressure, and LDL cholesterol in people with diabetes in Japan
Shingo Kuwajima, Takahito Itoh, Tatsuya Sato, Shoya Ino, Satoru Shibata, Kouhei Ohno, Hiroyuki Hotta, Tomoaki Matsumoto, Hitoshi Ooiwa, Hirofumi Kubo, Takayuki Miki
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Socioeconomic status and the effect of prolonged pandemic confinement on anthropometric and glycaemic outcomes in adults with type 2 diabetes mellitus
Chandana Wijeweera, Ummul Muhfaza, Reginald V. Lord, Peter Petocz, Juliana Chen, Veronica Preda
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The Role of Sodium Glucose Co-Transporter 2 Inhibitors in Atrial Fibrillation: A Comprehensive Review
Panagiotis Stachteas, Athina Nasoufidou, Efstratios Karagiannidis, Dimitrios Patoulias, Paschalis Karakasis, Sophia Alexiou, Athanasios Samaras, Georgios Zormpas, George Stavropoulos, Dimitrios Tsalikakis, George Kassimis, Christodoulos Papadopoulos, Niko
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Michela Luciani, Camilla Bigoni, Marta Canesi, Matteo Masotto, Diletta Fabrizi, Stefania Di Mauro, Davide Ausili
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Changes in body weight and glycemic control in association with COVID-19 Shutdown among 23,000 adults with type 2 diabetes
Emily Panza, Kevin E. Kip, Kripa Venkatakrishnan, Oscar C. Marroquin, Rena R. Wing
Acta Diabetologica.2023; 60(6): 787. CrossRef
The Impact of a Lockdown for the COVID-19 Pandemic on Seasonal HbA1c Variation in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes
Yu-Cheng Cheng, Yu-Hsuan Li, Hsiu-Chen Liu, Chiann-Yi Hsu, Wan-Jen Chang, I-Te Lee, Chin-Li Lu
Life.2023; 13(3): 763. CrossRef
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Joo-Hee Kim, Mi Jung Kwon, Hyo Geun Choi, Sang Jun Lee, Sangwon Hwang, Jaemin Lee, San-Hui Lee, Jung Woo Lee
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Gender differences-based bioinformatics analysis to identify hub genes and key pathways in type 2 diabetes
Md Sojib Hossain, Subrina Islam Rupa, Md Sumon Sarkar, Md Al Amin, Mst Tania Khatun, Md Shamim, Md Zahidul Islam
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Retrospective Study on the Impact of COVID-19 Lockdown on Patients with Type 2 Diabetes in Northern Taiwan
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Diabetes, Metabolic Syndrome and Obesity.2023; Volume 16: 2539. CrossRef
Understanding impacts of COVID-19 restrictions on glycemic control for patients with diabetes in Japan
Kiyoko Uno-Eder, Noriko Satoh-Asahara, Manabu Hibiya, Kenji Uno, Takuya Uchino, Koji Morita, Toshio Ishikawa, Tetsuji Kaneko, Hajime Yamakage, Yuki Kitaoka, Tomohiro Sawa, Kazuhisa Tsukamoto, Tamio Teramoto
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The Effects of COVID-19 Lockdown on Glycaemic Control and Lipid Profile in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
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Impact of Social Distancing Due to Coronavirus Disease 2019 on the Changes in Glycosylated Hemoglobin Level in People with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (Diabetes Metab J 2021;45:109-14)
Junghyun Noh
Diabetes & Metabolism Journal.2021; 45(2): 275. CrossRef
Impact of Social Distancing Due to Coronavirus Disease 2019 on the Changes in Glycosylated Hemoglobin Level in People with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (Diabetes Metab J 2021;45:109-14)
Sung-Don Park, Sung-Woo Kim, Jun Sung Moon, Jae-Han Jeon, Mi Kyung Kim, Keun-Gyu Park
Diabetes & Metabolism Journal.2021; 45(2): 279. CrossRef
Glucose control in diabetes during home confinement for the first pandemic wave of COVID-19: a meta-analysis of observational studies
Giovanni Antonio Silverii, Chiara Delli Poggi, Ilaria Dicembrini, Matteo Monami, Edoardo Mannucci
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Soo Myoung Shin, Tae Jung Oh, Sung Hee Choi, Hak Chul Jang
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Year-Long Trend in Glycated Hemoglobin Levels in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes during the COVID-19 Pandemic
Jonghwa Jin, Seong Wook Lee, Won-Ki Lee, Jae-Han Jeon, Jung-Guk Kim, In-Kyu Lee, Yeon-Kyung Choi, Keun-Gyu Park
Endocrinology and Metabolism.2021; 36(5): 1142. CrossRef

Covid-19
The Clinical Characteristics and Outcomes of Patients with Moderate-to-Severe Coronavirus Disease 2019 Infection and Diabetes in Daegu, South Korea: Mi Kyung Kim, Jae-Han Jeon, Sung-Woo Kim, Jun Sung Moon, Nan Hee Cho, Eugene Han, Ji Hong You, Ji Yeon Lee, Miri Hyun, Jae Seok Park, Yong Shik Kwon, Yeon-Kyung Choi, Ki Tae Kwon, Shin Yup Lee, Eon Ju Jeon, Jin-Woo Kim, Hyo-Lim Hong, Hyun Hee Kwon, Chi Young Jung, Yin Young Lee, Eunyeoung Ha, Seung Min Chung, Jian Hur, June Hong Ahn, Na-young Kim, Shin-Woo Kim, Hyun Ha Chang, Yong Hoon Lee, Jaehee Lee, Keun-Gyu Park, Hyun Ah Kim, Ji-Hyun Lee; Diabetes Metab J. 2020;44(4):602-613. Published online August 12, 2020; DOI: https://doi.org/10.4093/dmj.2020.0146

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Background

Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is a global pandemic that had affected more than eight million people worldwide by June 2020. Given the importance of the presence of diabetes mellitus (DM) for host immunity, we retrospectively evaluated the clinical characteristics and outcomes of moderate-to-severe COVID-19 in patients with diabetes.

Methods

We conducted a multi-center observational study of 1,082 adult inpatients (aged ≥18 years) who were admitted to one of five university hospitals in Daegu because of the severity of their COVID-19-related disease. The demographic, laboratory, and radiologic findings, and the mortality, prevalence of severe disease, and duration of quarantine were compared between patients with and without DM. In addition, 1:1 propensity score (PS)-matching was conducted with the DM group.

Results

Compared with the non-DM group (n=847), patients with DM (n=235) were older, exhibited higher mortality, and required more intensive care. Even after PS-matching, patients with DM exhibited more severe disease, and DM remained a prognostic factor for higher mortality (hazard ratio, 2.40; 95% confidence interval, 1.38 to 4.15). Subgroup analysis revealed that the presence of DM was associated with higher mortality, especially in older people (≥70 years old). Prior use of a dipeptidyl peptidase-4 inhibitor or a renin-angiotensin system inhibitor did not affect mortality or the clinical severity of the disease.

Conclusion

DM is a significant risk factor for COVID-19 severity and mortality. Our findings imply that COVID-19 patients with DM, especially if elderly, require special attention and prompt intensive care.

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Drug/Regimen
Efficacy and Safety of Pioglitazone versus Glimepiride after Metformin and Alogliptin Combination Therapy: A Randomized, Open-Label, Multicenter, Parallel-Controlled Study: Jeong Mi Kim, Sang Soo Kim, Jong Ho Kim, Mi Kyung Kim, Tae Nyun Kim, Soon Hee Lee, Chang Won Lee, Ja Young Park, Eun Sook Kim, Kwang Jae Lee, Young Sik Choi, Duk Kyu Kim, In Joo Kim; Diabetes Metab J. 2020;44(1):67-77. Published online July 11, 2019; DOI: https://doi.org/10.4093/dmj.2018.0274

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Abstract PDF PubReader

Background

There is limited information regarding the optimal third-line therapy for managing type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) that is inadequately controlled using dual combination therapy. This study assessed the efficacy and safety of pioglitazone or glimepiride when added to metformin plus alogliptin treatment for T2DM.

Methods

This multicenter, randomized, active-controlled trial (ClinicalTrials.gov: NCT02426294) recruited 135 Korean patients with T2DM that was inadequately controlled using metformin plus alogliptin. The patients were then randomized to also receive pioglitazone (15 mg/day) or glimepiride (2 mg/day) for a 26-week period, with dose titration was permitted based on the investigator's judgement.

Results

Glycosylated hemoglobin levels exhibited similar significant decreases in both groups during the treatment period (pioglitazone: −0.81%, P<0.001; glimepiride: −1.05%, P<0.001). However, the pioglitazone-treated group exhibited significantly higher high density lipoprotein cholesterol levels (P<0.001) and significantly lower homeostatic model assessment of insulin resistance values (P<0.001). Relative to pioglitazone, adding glimepiride to metformin plus alogliptin markedly increased the risk of hypoglycemia (pioglitazone: 1/69 cases [1.45%], glimepiride: 14/66 cases [21.21%]; P<0.001).

Conclusion

Among patients with T2DM inadequately controlled using metformin plus alogliptin, the addition of pioglitazone provided comparable glycemic control and various benefits (improvements in lipid profiles, insulin resistance, and hypoglycemia risk) relative to the addition of glimepiride.

Citations

Citations to this article as recorded by

Efficacy and Safety of Alogliptin-Pioglitazone Combination for Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Poorly Controlled with Metformin: A Multicenter, Double-Blind Randomized Trial
Ji-Yeon Park, Joonyub Lee, Yoon-Hee Choi, Kyung Wan Min, Kyung Ah Han, Kyu Jeung Ahn, Soo Lim, Young-Hyun Kim, Chul Woo Ahn, Kyung Mook Choi, Kun-Ho Yoon
Diabetes & Metabolism Journal.2024; 48(5): 915. CrossRef
Efficacy and Safety of Pioglitazone Add-on in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Inadequately Controlled with Metformin and Dapagliflozin: A Multicenter, Randomized, Double-blind, and Placebo-controlled Study
Yun Kyung Cho, Kyung-Soo Kim, Byung-Wan Lee, Jun Hwa Hong, Jae Myung Yu, Soo Lim, Ye An Kim, Chang Beom Lee, Sang Soo Kim, Soo Heon Kwak, Woo Je Lee
Clinical Therapeutics.2024; 46(9): 662. CrossRef
Pioglitazone as Add-on Therapy in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Inadequately Controlled with Dapagliflozin and Metformin: Double-Blind, Randomized, Placebo-Controlled Trial
Ji Hye Heo, Kyung Ah Han, Jun Hwa Hong, Hyun-Ae Seo, Eun-Gyoung Hong, Jae Myung Yu, Hye Seung Jung, Bong-Soo Cha
Diabetes & Metabolism Journal.2024; 48(5): 937. CrossRef
Cost-effectiveness and budget impact analysis of fixed combination of alogliptin and pioglitazone in the treatment of type 2 diabetes mellitus
Yu.V. Strunina, N.A. Petunina
Medical Technologies. Assessment and Choice.2023; (3): 70. CrossRef
Pioglitazone-Enhanced Brown Fat Whitening Contributes to Weight Gain in Diet-Induced Obese Mice
Piaojian Yu, Wei Wang, Wanrong Guo, Lidan Cheng, Zhiping Wan, Yanglei Cheng, Yunfeng Shen, Fen Xu
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Compliance with Cardiovascular Prevention Guidelines in Type 2 Diabetes Individuals in a Middle-Income Region: A Cross-Sectional Analysis
Joaquim Barreto, Beatriz Luchiari, Vaneza L. W. Wolf, Isabella Bonilha, Ticiane G. Bovi, Barbara S. Assato, Ikaro Breder, Sheila T. Kimura-Medorima, Daniel B. Munhoz, Thiago Quinaglia, Otavio R. Coelho-Filho, Luiz Sergio F. Carvalho, Wilson Nadruz, Andrei
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Xue Chen, Sheng Kang, Zeqing Bao, Ciara Hughes
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Jaehyun Bae, Ji Hye Huh, Minyoung Lee, Yong‐Ho Lee, Byung‐Wan Lee
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Development and validation of a sensitive LC-MS/MS method for pioglitazone: application towards pharmacokinetic and tissue distribution study in rats
Kusuma Kumari G., Praveen Thaggikuppe Krishnamurthy, Ravi Kiran Ammu V. V. V., Kurawattimath Vishwanath, S. T. Narenderan, B. Babu, Nagappan Krishnaveni
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Compliance with Cardiovascular Prevention Guidelines in Individuals with Type 2 Diabetes in a Middle-Income Region: Cross-Sectional Analysis
Joaquim Barreto, Beatriz Luchiari, Vaneza Lira W. Wolf, Isabella Bonilha, Ticiane G. Bovi, Barbara S. Assato, Ikaro Breder, Sheila T. Kimura-Medorima, Daniel B. Munhoz, Thiago Quinaglia, Otavio R. Coelho-Filho, Luiz Sérgio Fernandes de Carvalho, Wilson Na
SSRN Electronic Journal .2021;[Epub] CrossRef

Epidemiology
Lower Leg Fat Depots Are Associated with Albuminuria Independently of Obesity, Insulin Resistance, and Metabolic Syndrome (Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Surveys 2008 to 2011): Eugene Han, Nan Hee Cho, Mi Kyung Kim, Hye Soon Kim; Diabetes Metab J. 2019;43(4):461-473. Published online March 7, 2019; DOI: https://doi.org/10.4093/dmj.2018.0081

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Background

Although the involvement of obesity in metabolic disorders is well known, leg fat depot influences on albuminuria have not been determined.

Methods

This population-based, cross-sectional study used a nationally representative sample of 2,076 subjects aged ≥20 years from the Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Surveys of 2008 to 2011. The ratio of leg fat to total fat (LF/TF ratio) was assessed by dual X-ray absorptiometry, and albuminuria was defined as more than one positive dipstick test or an albumin-to-creatinine ratio of ≥30 mg/g.

Results

Individuals whose LF/TF ratio was in the lowest tertile showed a higher proportion of albuminuria than those in the highest tertile (odds ratio [OR], 2.82; 95% confidence interval [CI], 2.01 to 3.96; P<0.001). This association was observed in both sexes, all age groups, and all subgroups stratified by body mass index, waist circumference, homeostasis model assessments of insulin resistance, and the presence of metabolic syndrome (all, P<0.05). Multiple logistic regression analyses also demonstrated that the lowest LF/TF ratio was independently associated with albuminuria risk (OR, 1.55 to 2.16; all, P<0.05). In addition, the risk of albuminuria was higher in sarcopenic individuals with lower LF/TF ratios than in the highest LF/TF ratio subjects without sarcopenia (OR, 3.73; 95% CI, 2.26 to 6.13).

Conclusion

A lower LF/TF ratio was associated with an increased risk of albuminuria independent of obesity, insulin resistance, and metabolic syndrome, and when combined with sarcopenia, the albuminuria risk synergistically increased. Hence, our findings may have implications to improve risk stratification and recommendations on body fat distribution in the general population.

Citations

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Efficacy and safety of evogliptin in patients with type 2 diabetes and non‐alcoholic fatty liver disease: A multicentre, double‐blind, randomized, comparative trial
Eugene Han, Ji Hye Huh, Eun Y. Lee, Ji C. Bae, Sung W. Chun, Sung H. Yu, Soo H. Kwak, Kyong S. Park, Byung‐Wan Lee
Diabetes, Obesity and Metabolism.2022; 24(4): 752. CrossRef
Muscle fat contents rather than muscle mass determines nonalcoholic steatohepatitis and liver fibrosis in patients with severe obesity
Eugene Han, Mi Kyung Kim, Hye Won Lee, Seungwan Ryu, Hye Soon Kim, Byoung Kuk Jang, Youngsung Suh
Obesity.2022; 30(12): 2440. CrossRef
Albuminuria Is Associated with Steatosis Burden in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus and Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease
Eugene Han, Mi Kyung Kim, Byoung Kuk Jang, Hye Soon Kim
Diabetes & Metabolism Journal.2021; 45(5): 698. CrossRef

Others
Comparison of Vildagliptin and Pioglitazone in Korean Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Inadequately Controlled with Metformin: Jong Ho Kim, Sang Soo Kim, Hong Sun Baek, In Kyu Lee, Dong Jin Chung, Ho Sang Sohn, Hak Yeon Bae, Mi Kyung Kim, Jeong Hyun Park, Young Sik Choi, Young Il Kim, Jong Ryeal Hahm, Chang Won Lee, Sung Rae Jo, Mi Kyung Park, Kwang Jae Lee, In Joo Kim; Diabetes Metab J. 2016;40(3):230-239. Published online April 5, 2016; DOI: https://doi.org/10.4093/dmj.2016.40.3.230

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Abstract PDF Supplementary Material PubReader

Background

We compared the efficacies of vildagliptin (50 mg twice daily) relative to pioglitazone (15 mg once daily) as an add-on treatment to metformin for reducing glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c) levels in Korean patients with type 2 diabetes.

Methods

The present study was a multicenter, randomized, active-controlled investigation comparing the effects of vildagliptin and pioglitazone in Korean patients receiving a stable dose of metformin but exhibiting inadequate glycemic control. Each patient underwent a 16-week treatment period with either vildagliptin or pioglitazone as an add-on treatment to metformin.

Results

The mean changes in HbA1c levels from baseline were –0.94% in the vildagliptin group and –0.6% in the pioglitazone group and the difference between the treatments was below the non-inferiority margin of 0.3%. The mean changes in postprandial plasma glucose (PPG) levels were –60.2 mg/dL in the vildagliptin group and –38.2 mg/dL in the pioglitazone group and these values significantly differed (P=0.040). There were significant decreases in the levels of total, low density lipoprotein, high density lipoprotein (HDL), and non-HDL cholesterol in the vildagliptin group but increases in the pioglitazone group. The mean change in body weight was –0.07 kg in the vildagliptin group and 0.69 kg in the pioglitazone group, which were also significantly different (P=0.002).

Conclusion

As an add-on to metformin, the efficacy of vildagliptin for the improvement of glycemic control is not inferior to that of pioglitazone in Korean patients with type 2 diabetes. In addition, add-on treatment with vildagliptin had beneficial effects on PPG levels, lipid profiles, and body weight compared to pioglitazone.

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Diabetes & Metabolic Syndrome: Clinical Research & Reviews.2023; 17(7): 102790. CrossRef
Efficacy and safety of evogliptin in patients with type 2 diabetes and non‐alcoholic fatty liver disease: A multicentre, double‐blind, randomized, comparative trial
Eugene Han, Ji Hye Huh, Eun Y. Lee, Ji C. Bae, Sung W. Chun, Sung H. Yu, Soo H. Kwak, Kyong S. Park, Byung‐Wan Lee
Diabetes, Obesity and Metabolism.2022; 24(4): 752. CrossRef
A double‐blind, Randomized controlled trial on glucose‐lowering EFfects and safety of adding 0.25 or 0.5 mg lobeglitazone in type 2 diabetes patients with INadequate control on metformin and dipeptidyl peptidase‐4 inhibitor therapy: REFIND study
Soree Ryang, Sang Soo Kim, Ji Cheol Bae, Ji Min Han, Su Kyoung Kwon, Young Il Kim, Il Seong Nam‐Goong, Eun Sook Kim, Mi‐kyung Kim, Chang Won Lee, Soyeon Yoo, Gwanpyo Koh, Min Jeong Kwon, Jeong Hyun Park, In Joo Kim
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The rs12617336 and rs17574 Dipeptidyl Peptidase-4 Polymorphisms Are Associated With Hypoalphalipoproteinemia and Dipeptidyl Peptidase-4 Serum Levels: A Case-Control Study of the Genetics of Atherosclerotic Disease (GEA) Cohort
Gilberto Vargas-Alarcón, María del Carmen González-Salazar, Christian Vázquez-Vázquez, Adrián Hernández-Díaz Couder, Fausto Sánchez-Muñoz, Juan Reyes-Barrera, Sergio A. Criales-Vera, Marco Sánchez-Guerra, Citlalli Osorio-Yáñez, Rosalinda Posadas-Sánchez
Frontiers in Genetics.2021;[Epub] CrossRef
Reduction in HbA1c with SGLT2 inhibitors vs. DPP-4 inhibitors as add-ons to metformin monotherapy according to baseline HbA1c: A systematic review of randomized controlled trials
A.J. Scheen
Diabetes & Metabolism.2020; 46(3): 186. CrossRef
Combination Therapy of Oral Hypoglycemic Agents in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus
Min Kyong Moon
The Journal of Korean Diabetes.2018; 19(1): 23. CrossRef
Comparative Cardiovascular Risks of Dipeptidyl Peptidase-4 Inhibitors: Analyses of Real-world Data in Korea
Kyoung Hwa Ha, Bongseong Kim, Hae Sol Shin, Jinhee Lee, Hansol Choi, Hyeon Chang Kim, Dae Jung Kim
Korean Circulation Journal.2018; 48(5): 395. CrossRef
Safety and efficacy of low dose pioglitazone compared with standard dose pioglitazone in type 2 diabetes with chronic kidney disease: A randomized controlled trial
Bancha Satirapoj, Khanin Watanakijthavonkul, Ouppatham Supasyndh, Stephen L Atkin
PLOS ONE.2018; 13(10): e0206722. CrossRef
Combination therapy of oral hypoglycemic agents in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus
Min Kyong Moon, Kyu Yeon Hur, Seung-Hyun Ko, Seok-O Park, Byung-Wan Lee, Jin Hwa Kim, Sang Youl Rhee, Hyun Jin Kim, Kyung Mook Choi, Nan-Hee Kim
The Korean Journal of Internal Medicine.2017; 32(6): 974. CrossRef
Combination Therapy of Oral Hypoglycemic Agents in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus
Min Kyong Moon, Kyu-Yeon Hur, Seung-Hyun Ko, Seok-O Park, Byung-Wan Lee, Jin Hwa Kim, Sang Youl Rhee, Hyun Jin Kim, Kyung Mook Choi, Nan-Hee Kim
Diabetes & Metabolism Journal.2017; 41(5): 357. CrossRef
Efficacy and safety of adding evogliptin versus sitagliptin for metformin‐treated patients with type 2 diabetes: A 24‐week randomized, controlled trial with open label extension
Sang‐Mo Hong, Cheol‐Young Park, Dong‐Min Hwang, Kyung Ah Han, Chang Beom Lee, Choon Hee Chung, Kun‐Ho Yoon, Ji‐Oh Mok, Kyong Soo Park, Sung‐Woo Park
Diabetes, Obesity and Metabolism.2017; 19(5): 654. CrossRef
Antihyperglycemic agent therapy for adult patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus 2017: a position statement of the Korean Diabetes Association
Seung-Hyun Ko, Kyu-Yeon Hur, Sang Youl Rhee, Nan-Hee Kim, Min Kyong Moon, Seok-O Park, Byung-Wan Lee, Hyun Jin Kim, Kyung Mook Choi, Jin Hwa Kim
The Korean Journal of Internal Medicine.2017; 32(6): 947. CrossRef
Antihyperglycemic Agent Therapy for Adult Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus 2017: A Position Statement of the Korean Diabetes Association
Seung-Hyun Ko, Kyu-Yeon Hur, Sang Youl Rhee, Nan-Hee Kim, Min Kyong Moon, Seok-O Park, Byung-Wan Lee, Hyun Jin Kim, Kyung Mook Choi, Jin Hwa Kim
Diabetes & Metabolism Journal.2017; 41(5): 337. CrossRef

The Effects of Glyburide on Apoptosis and Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress in INS-1 Cells in a Glucolipotoxic Condition: Min Jeong Kwon, Hye Suk Chung, Chang Shin Yoon, Jung Hae Ko, Hae Jung Jun, Tae Kyun Kim, Soon Hee Lee, Kyung Soo Ko, Byoung Doo Rhee, Mi Kyung Kim, Jeong Hyun Park; Diabetes Metab J. 2011;35(5):480-488. Published online October 31, 2011; DOI: https://doi.org/10.4093/dmj.2011.35.5.480

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Background

β-cell death due to endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress has been regarded as an important pathogenic component of type 2 diabetes. The possibility has been suggested that sulfonylurea, currently being used as one of the main oral hypoglycemic agents of type 2 diabetes, increases ER stress, which could lead to sulfonylurea failure. The authors of the present study examined ER stress of β-cells in a glucolipotoxic condition using glyburide (GB) in an environment mimicking type 2 diabetes.

Methods

Apoptosis was induced by adding various concentrations of GB (0.001 to 200 µM) to a glucolipotoxic condition using 33 mM glucose, and the effects of varied concentrations of palmitate were evaluated via annexin V staining. The markers of ER stress and pro-apoptotic markers were assessed by Western blotting and semi-quantitative reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction. Additionally, the anti-apoptotic markers were evaluated.

Results

Addition of any concentration of GB in 150 µM palmitate and 33 mM glucose did not increase apoptosis. The expression of phosphorylated eukaryotic initiation factor (eIF-2α) was increased and cleaved caspase 3 was decreased by adding GB to a glucolipotoxic condition. However, other ER stress-associated markers such as Bip-1, X-box binding protein-1, ATF-4 and C/EBP-homologous protein transcription factor and anti-apoptotic markers phosphor-p85 phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase and phosphorylation of Akt did not change significantly.

Conclusion

GB did not show further deleterious effects on the degree of apoptosis or ER stress of INS-1 cells in a glucolipotoxic condition. Increased phosphorylation of eIF-2α may attenuate ER stress for adaptation to increased ER protein load.

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The antagonistic atorvastatin-glibenclamide interactions suppressed the atorvastatin-induced Bax/cytochrome c/p53 mRNA expressions and increased Rho A mRNA expression in B16f10 melanoma cell culture
Maryam Malek, Nasim Dana, Ahmad Ghasemi, Maedeh Ghasemi
Gene Reports.2021; 23: 101156. CrossRef
Expression profiles of stress-related genes in islets from donors with progressively impaired glucose metabolism
Marcus Lundberg, Anton Stenwall, Angie Tegehall, Olle Korsgren, Oskar Skog
Islets.2018; 10(2): 69. CrossRef
Pharmacological Modulators of Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress in Metabolic Diseases
Tae Jung, Kyung Choi
International Journal of Molecular Sciences.2016; 17(2): 192. CrossRef
The TRPA1 channel and oral hypoglycemic agents
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Young Mi Song, Sun-Ok Song, Yong-Keun Jung, Eun-Seok Kang, Bong Soo Cha, Hyun Chul Lee, Byung-Wan Lee
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The Duration of Sulfonylurea Treatment Is Associated withβ-Cell Dysfunction in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus
Mi-Seon Shin, Jee Hee Yu, Chang Hee Jung, Jenie Yoonoo Hwang, Woo Je Lee, Min-Seon Kim, Joong-Yeol Park
Diabetes Technology & Therapeutics.2012; 14(11): 1033. CrossRef

The Effect of Tribbles-Related Protein 3 on ER Stress-Suppressed Insulin Gene Expression in INS-1 Cells: Young Yun Jang, Nam Keong Kim, Mi Kyung Kim, Ho Young Lee, Sang Jin Kim, Hye Soon Kim, Hye-Young Seo, In Kyu Lee, Keun Gyu Park; Korean Diabetes J. 2010;34(5):312-319. Published online October 31, 2010; DOI: https://doi.org/10.4093/kdj.2010.34.5.312

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Background

The highly developed endoplasmic reticulum (ER) structure in pancreatic beta cells is heavily involved in insulin biosynthesis. Thus, any perturbation in ER function inevitably impacts insulin biosynthesis. Recent studies showed that the expression of tribbles-related protein 3 (TRB3), a mammalian homolog of Drosophilia tribbles, in various cell types is induced by ER stress. Here, we examined whether ER stress induces TRB3 expression in INS-1 cells and found that TRB3 mediates ER stress-induced suppression of insulin gene expression.

Methods

The effects of tunicamycin and thapsigargin on insulin and TRB3 expression in INS-1 cells were measured by Northern and Western blot analysis, respectively. The effects of adenovirus-mediated overexpression of TRB3 on insulin, PDX-1 and MafA gene expression in INS-1 cells were measured by Northern blot analysis. The effect of TRB3 on insulin promoter was measured by transient transfection study with constructs of human insulin promoter.

Results

The treatment of INS-1 cells with tunicamycin and thapsigargin decreased insulin mRNA expression, but increased TRB3 protein expression. Adenovirus-mediated overexpression of TRB3 decreased insulin gene expression in a dose-dependent manner. A transient transfection study showed that TRB3 inhibited insulin promoter activity, suggesting that TRB3 inhibited insulin gene expression at transcriptional level. Adenovirus-mediated overexpression of TRB3 also decreased PDX-1 mRNA expression, but did not influence MafA mRNA expression.

Conclusions

This study showed that ER stress induced TRB3 expression, but decreased both insulin and PDX-1 gene expression in INS-1 cells. Our data suggest that TRB3 plays an important role in ER stress-induced beta cell dysfunction.

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Endoplasmic reticulum stress causes insulin resistance by inhibiting delivery of newly synthesized insulin receptors to the cell surface
Max Brown, Samantha Dainty, Natalie Strudwick, Adina D. Mihai, Jamie N. Watson, Robina Dendooven, Adrienne W. Paton, James C. Paton, Martin Schröder, James Arthur Olzmann
Molecular Biology of the Cell.2020; 31(23): 2597. CrossRef
PTB and TIAR binding to insulin mRNA 3′- and 5′UTRs; implications for insulin biosynthesis and messenger stability
Rikard G. Fred, Syrina Mehrabi, Christopher M. Adams, Nils Welsh
Heliyon.2016; 2(9): e00159. CrossRef
Asna1/TRC40 Controls β-Cell Function and Endoplasmic Reticulum Homeostasis by Ensuring Retrograde Transport
Stefan Norlin, Vishal S. Parekh, Peter Naredi, Helena Edlund
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Nabil Rabhi, Elisabet Salas, Philippe Froguel, Jean-Sébastien Annicotte
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Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress and Insulin Biosynthesis: A Review
Mi-Kyung Kim, Hye-Soon Kim, In-Kyu Lee, Keun-Gyu Park
Experimental Diabetes Research.2012; 2012: 1. CrossRef

The Effect of Glucose Fluctuation on Apoptosis and Function of INS-1 Pancreatic Beta Cells: Mi Kyung Kim, Hye Sook Jung, Chang Shin Yoon, Jung Hae Ko, Hae Jung Jun, Tae Kyun Kim, Min Jeong Kwon, Soon Hee Lee, Kyung Soo Ko, Byoung Doo Rhee, Jeong Hyun Park; Korean Diabetes J. 2010;34(1):47-54. Published online February 28, 2010; DOI: https://doi.org/10.4093/kdj.2010.34.1.47

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Background

Blood glucose level continuously fluctuates within a certain range in the human body. In diabetes patients, the extent of such fluctuation is large, despite the strict control of blood glucose. Blood glucose fluctuation has been shown to mediate more adverse effects on vascular endothelial cells and diabetes complications than chronic hyperglycemia, which has been explained as due to oxidative stress. As few previous studies have reported the effects of chronic and intermittent hyperglycemia on the apoptosis and function of pancreatic beta cells, this study reported herein was performed to investigate such effects on these cells.

Methods

For chronic hyperglycemia, INS-1 cells were cultured for 5 days with changes of RPMI 1640 medium containing 33 mM glucose every 12 hours. For intermittent hyperglycemia, the medium containing 11 mM glucose was exchanged with the medium containing 33 mM glucose every 12 hours. Apoptosis was assessed by TUNEL assay Hoechst staining and cleaved caspase 3. Insulin secretory capacity was assessed, and the expression of Mn-SOD and Bcl-2 was measured by Western blotting.

Results

In comparison to the control group, INS-1 cells exposed to chronic hyperglycemia and intermittent hyperglycemia showed an increase in apoptosis. The apoptosis of INS-1 cells exposed to intermittent hyperglycemia increased significantly more than the apoptosis of INS-1 cells exposed to chronic hyperglycemia. In comparison to the control group, the insulin secretory capacity in the two hyperglycemic states was decreased, and more with intermittent hyperglycemia than with chronic hyperglycemia. The expression of Mn-SOD and Bcl-2 increased more with chronic hyperglycemia than with intermittent hyperglycemia.

Conclusion

Intermittent hyperglycemia induced a higher degree of apoptosis and decreased the insulin secretory capacity more in pancreatic beta cells than chronic hyperglycemia. This activity may be mediated by the anti-oxidative enzyme Mn-SOD and the anti-apoptotic signal Bcl-2.

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