- Drug/Regimen
- Efficacy and Safety of Metformin and Atorvastatin Combination Therapy vs. Monotherapy with Either Drug in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus and Dyslipidemia Patients (ATOMIC): Double-Blinded Randomized Controlled Trial
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Jie-Eun Lee, Seung Hee Yu, Sung Rae Kim, Kyu Jeung Ahn, Kee-Ho Song, In-Kyu Lee, Ho-Sang Shon, In Joo Kim, Soo Lim, Doo-Man Kim, Choon Hee Chung, Won-Young Lee, Soon Hee Lee, Dong Joon Kim, Sung-Rae Cho, Chang Hee Jung, Hyun Jeong Jeon, Seung-Hwan Lee, Keun-Young Park, Sang Youl Rhee, Sin Gon Kim, Seok O Park, Dae Jung Kim, Byung Joon Kim, Sang Ah Lee, Yong-Hyun Kim, Kyung-Soo Kim, Ji A Seo, Il Seong Nam-Goong, Chang Won Lee, Duk Kyu Kim, Sang Wook Kim, Chung Gu Cho, Jung Han Kim, Yeo-Joo Kim, Jae-Myung Yoo, Kyung Wan Min, Moon-Kyu Lee
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Diabetes Metab J. 2024;48(4):730-739. Published online May 20, 2024
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.4093/dmj.2023.0077
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- Background
It is well known that a large number of patients with diabetes also have dyslipidemia, which significantly increases the risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD). This study aimed to evaluate the efficacy and safety of combination drugs consisting of metformin and atorvastatin, widely used as therapeutic agents for diabetes and dyslipidemia.
Methods This randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, parallel-group and phase III multicenter study included adults with glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c) levels >7.0% and <10.0%, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) >100 and <250 mg/dL. One hundred eighty-five eligible subjects were randomized to the combination group (metformin+atorvastatin), metformin group (metformin+atorvastatin placebo), and atorvastatin group (atorvastatin+metformin placebo). The primary efficacy endpoints were the percent changes in HbA1c and LDL-C levels from baseline at the end of the treatment.
Results After 16 weeks of treatment compared to baseline, HbA1c showed a significant difference of 0.94% compared to the atorvastatin group in the combination group (0.35% vs. −0.58%, respectively; P<0.0001), whereas the proportion of patients with increased HbA1c was also 62% and 15%, respectively, showing a significant difference (P<0.001). The combination group also showed a significant decrease in LDL-C levels compared to the metformin group (−55.20% vs. −7.69%, P<0.001) without previously unknown adverse drug events.
Conclusion The addition of atorvastatin to metformin improved HbA1c and LDL-C levels to a significant extent compared to metformin or atorvastatin alone in diabetes and dyslipidemia patients. This study also suggested metformin’s preventive effect on the glucose-elevating potential of atorvastatin in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus and dyslipidemia, insufficiently controlled with exercise and diet. Metformin and atorvastatin combination might be an effective treatment in reducing the CVD risk in patients with both diabetes and dyslipidemia because of its lowering effect on LDL-C and glucose.
- Drug/Regimen
- A Real-World Study of Long-Term Safety and Efficacy of Lobeglitazone in Korean Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus
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Bo-Yeon Kim, Hyuk-Sang Kwon, Suk Kyeong Kim, Jung-Hyun Noh, Cheol-Young Park, Hyeong-Kyu Park, Kee-Ho Song, Jong Chul Won, Jae Myung Yu, Mi Young Lee, Jae Hyuk Lee, Soo Lim, Sung Wan Chun, In-Kyung Jeong, Choon Hee Chung, Seung Jin Han, Hee-Seok Kim, Ju-Young Min, Sungrae Kim
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Diabetes Metab J. 2022;46(6):855-865. Published online March 8, 2022
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.4093/dmj.2021.0264
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- Background
Thiazolidinediones (TZDs) have been associated with various safety concerns including weight gain, bladder cancer, and congestive heart failure (CHF). This study evaluated the efficacy and safety of lobeglitazone, a novel TZD in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) in real practice.
Methods In this non-interventional, multi-center, retrospective, and observational study conducted at 15 tertiary or secondary referral hospitals in Korea, a total of 2,228 patients with T2DM who received lobeglitazone 0.5 mg for more than 1 year were enrolled.
Results Overall adverse events (AEs) occurred in 381 patients (17.10%) including edema in 1.97% (n=44). Cerebrovascular and cardiovascular diseases were identified in 0.81% (n=18) and 0.81% (n=18), respectively. One case of CHF was reported as an AE. Edema occurred in 1.97% (n=44) of patients. Hypoglycemia occurred in 2.47% (n=55) of patients. Fracture occurred in 1.17% (n=26) of all patients. Lobeglitazone significantly decreased HbA1c level, resulting in a mean treatment difference of -1.05%± 1.35% (P<0.001), and decreased total cholesterol, triglyceride, and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol. However, it increased high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, regardless of statin administration. The patients who received lobeglitazone 0.5 mg showed an apparent reduction in glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c) from baseline during the first 6 months of treatment. The HbA1c levels remained stable between months 6 and 42.
Conclusion Lobeglitazone has long-term safety profile, good glycemic-lowering effect and long-term durability of glycemic control in real-world clinical settings.
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- Efficacy and safety of novel thiazolidinedione lobeglitazone for managing type-2 diabetes a meta-analysis
Deep Dutta, Saptarshi Bhattacharya, Manoj Kumar, Priyankar K. Datta, Ritin Mohindra, Meha Sharma Diabetes & Metabolic Syndrome: Clinical Research & Reviews.2023; 17(1): 102697. CrossRef - Efficacy and safety of lobeglitazone, a new Thiazolidinedione, as compared to the standard of care in type 2 diabetes mellitus: A systematic review and meta-analysis
Shashank R. Joshi, Saibal Das, Suja Xaviar, Shambo Samrat Samajdar, Indranil Saha, Sougata Sarkar, Shatavisa Mukherjee, Santanu Kumar Tripathi, Jyotirmoy Pal, Nandini Chatterjee Diabetes & Metabolic Syndrome: Clinical Research & Reviews.2023; 17(1): 102703. CrossRef - Will lobeglitazone rival pioglitazone? A systematic review and critical appraisal
Kalyan Kumar Gangopadhyay, Awadhesh Kumar Singh Diabetes & Metabolic Syndrome: Clinical Research & Reviews.2023; 17(4): 102747. CrossRef - Lobeglitazone
Reactions Weekly.2023; 1948(1): 262. CrossRef - Lobeglitazone, a novel thiazolidinedione, for secondary prevention in patients with ischemic stroke: a nationwide nested case-control study
Joonsang Yoo, Jimin Jeon, Minyoul Baik, Jinkwon Kim Cardiovascular Diabetology.2023;[Epub] CrossRef - Lobeglitazone and Its Therapeutic Benefits: A Review
Balamurugan M, Sarumathy S, Robinson R Cureus.2023;[Epub] CrossRef - Oldies but Goodies: Thiazolidinedione as an Insulin Sensitizer with Cardioprotection
Eun-Hee Cho Diabetes & Metabolism Journal.2022; 46(6): 827. CrossRef
- Guideline/Fact Sheet
- Effect of Carbohydrate-Restricted Diets and Intermittent Fasting on Obesity, Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus, and Hypertension Management: Consensus Statement of the Korean Society for the Study of Obesity, Korean Diabetes Association, and Korean Society of Hypertension
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Jong Han Choi, Yoon Jeong Cho, Hyun-Jin Kim, Seung-Hyun Ko, Suk Chon, Jee-Hyun Kang, Kyoung-Kon Kim, Eun Mi Kim, Hyun Jung Kim, Kee-Ho Song, Ga Eun Nam, Kwang Il Kim, Committee of Clinical Practice Guidelines, Korean Society for the Study of Obesity (KSSO), Committee of Clinical Practice Guidelines and Committee of Food and Nutrition, Korean Diabetes Association (KDA), Policy Committee of Korean Society of Hypertension (KSH), Policy Development Committee of National Academy of Medicine of Korea (NAMOK)
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Diabetes Metab J. 2022;46(3):355-376. Published online May 25, 2022
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.4093/dmj.2022.0038
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- Carbohydrate-restricted diets and intermittent fasting (IF) have been rapidly gaining interest among the general population and patients with cardiometabolic disease, such as overweight or obesity, diabetes, and hypertension. However, there are limited expert recommendations for these dietary regimens. This study aimed to evaluate the level of scientific evidence on the benefits and harms of carbohydrate-restricted diets and IF to make responsible recommendations. A meta-analysis and systematic literature review of 66 articles on 50 randomized controlled trials (RCTs) of carbohydrate-restricted diets and 10 articles on eight RCTs of IF was performed. Based on the analysis, the following recommendations are suggested. In adults with overweight or obesity, a moderately-low carbohydrate or low carbohydrate diet (mLCD) can be considered as a dietary regimen for weight reduction. In adults with type 2 diabetes mellitus, mLCD can be considered as a dietary regimen for improving glycemic control and reducing body weight. In contrast, a very-low carbohydrate diet (VLCD) and IF are recommended against in patients with diabetes. Furthermore, no recommendations are suggested for VLCD and IF in adults with overweight or obesity, and carbohydrate-restricted diets and IF in patients with hypertension. Here, we describe the results of our analysis and the evidence for these recommendations.
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- Metabolic changes with intermittent fasting
Maria G. Lange, Alice A. Coffey, Paul C. Coleman, Thomas M. Barber, Thijs Van Rens, Oyinlola Oyebode, Sally Abbott, Petra Hanson Journal of Human Nutrition and Dietetics.2024; 37(1): 256. CrossRef - Low-Carbohydrate Dietary Interventions for Metabolic Control in Individuals With Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: An Overview of Systematic Reviews
Mileni Vanti Beretta, Cíntia Aparecida Oliveira Flores, Gabriella Fontes Colameo, Luana Weissheimer Echabe, Fernanda Michielin Busnello Nutrition Reviews.2024;[Epub] CrossRef - Adherence to the nutritional recommendations according to diabetes status in Korean adults: a cross-sectional study
Jong Han Choi, Chen Lulu, Seon-Joo Park, Hae-Jeung Lee BMC Public Health.2024;[Epub] CrossRef - Alzheimer’s Disease, Obesity, and Type 2 Diabetes: Focus on Common Neuroglial Dysfunctions (Critical Review and New Data on Human Brain and Models)
Adolfo Toledano, Arantxa Rodríguez-Casado, María Isabel Älvarez, Adolfo Toledano-Díaz Brain Sciences.2024; 14(11): 1101. CrossRef - A network meta-analysis of the comparative efficacy of different dietary approaches on glycaemic control and weight loss in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus and overweight or obesity
Yahui Yuan, Chun Chen, Qiaoyun Liu, Yehao Luo, Zhaojun Yang, YuPing Lin, Lu Sun, Guanjie Fan Food & Function.2024;[Epub] CrossRef - Papel do Jejum Intermitente e da Dieta Restrita em Carboidratos na Prevenção de Doenças Cardiovasculares em Pacientes Pré-Diabéticos
Mohamed Khalfallah, Basma Elnagar, Shaimaa S. Soliman, Ahmad Eissa, Amany Allaithy Arquivos Brasileiros de Cardiologia.2023;[Epub] CrossRef - Medical nutrition therapy for diabetes mellitus
Suk Chon Journal of the Korean Medical Association.2023; 66(7): 421. CrossRef - Euglycemic diabetic ketoacidosis development in a patient with type 2 diabetes receiving a sodium-glucose cotransporter-2 inhibitor and a carbohydrate-restricted diet
Gwanpyo Koh, Jisun Bang, Soyeon Yoo, Sang Ah Lee Journal of Medicine and Life Science.2023; 20(3): 126. CrossRef - Comprehensive Understanding for Application in Korean Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus of the Consensus Statement on Carbohydrate-Restricted Diets by Korean Diabetes Association, Korean Society for the Study of Obesity, and Korean Society of Hyperte
Jong Han Choi, Jee-Hyun Kang, Suk Chon Diabetes & Metabolism Journal.2022; 46(3): 377. CrossRef - The Related Metabolic Diseases and Treatments of Obesity
Ming Yang, Shuai Liu, Chunye Zhang Healthcare.2022; 10(9): 1616. CrossRef - Updated Meta-Analysis of Studies from 2011 to 2021 Comparing the Effectiveness of Intermittent Energy Restriction and Continuous Energy Restriction
Kyoung-Kon Kim, Jee-Hyun Kang, Eun Mi Kim Journal of Obesity & Metabolic Syndrome.2022; 31(3): 230. CrossRef
- Clinical Diabetes & Therapeutics
- Effectiveness and Safety of Adding Basal Insulin Glargine in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Exhibiting Inadequate Response to Metformin and DPP-4 Inhibitors with or without Sulfonylurea
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Yu Mi Kang, Chang Hee Jung, Seung-Hwan Lee, Sang-Wook Kim, Kee-Ho Song, Sin Gon Kim, Jae Hyeon Kim, Young Min Cho, Tae Sun Park, Bon Jeong Ku, Gwanpyo Koh, Dol Mi Kim, Byung-Wan Lee, Joong-Yeol Park
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Diabetes Metab J. 2019;43(4):432-446. Published online June 19, 2019
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.4093/dmj.2018.0092
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- Background
We aimed to investigate the effectiveness and safety of adding basal insulin to initiating dipeptidyl peptidase-4 (DPP-4) inhibitor and metformin and/or sulfonylurea (SU) in achieving the target glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c) in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). MethodsThis was a single-arm, multicenter, 24-week, open-label, phase 4 study in patients with inadequately controlled (HbA1c ≥7.5%) T2DM despite the use of DPP-4 inhibitor and metformin. A total of 108 patients received insulin glargine while continuing oral antidiabetic drugs (OADs). The primary efficacy endpoint was the percentage of subjects achieving HbA1c ≤7.0%. Other glycemic profiles were also evaluated, and the safety endpoints were adverse events (AEs) and hypoglycemia. ResultsThe median HbA1c at baseline (8.9%; range, 7.5% to 11.1%) decreased to 7.6% (5.5% to 11.7%) at 24 weeks. Overall, 31.7% subjects (n=33) achieved the target HbA1c level of ≤7.0%. The mean differences in body weight and fasting plasma glucose were 1.2±3.4 kg and 56.0±49.8 mg/dL, respectively. Hypoglycemia was reported in 36 subjects (33.3%, 112 episodes), all of which were fully recovered. There was no serious AE attributed to insulin glargine. Body weight change was significantly different between SU users and nonusers (1.5±2.5 kg vs. −0.9±6.0 kg, P=0.011). ConclusionThe combination add-on therapy of insulin glargine, on metformin and DPP-4 inhibitors with or without SU was safe and efficient in reducing HbA1c levels and thus, is a preferable option in managing T2DM patients exhibiting dysglycemia despite the use of OADs.
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- Glycaemic control with add‐on thiazolidinedione or a sodium‐glucose co‐transporter‐2 inhibitor in patients with type 2 diabetes after the failure of an oral triple antidiabetic regimen: A 24‐week, randomized controlled trial
Jaehyun Bae, Ji Hye Huh, Minyoung Lee, Yong‐Ho Lee, Byung‐Wan Lee Diabetes, Obesity and Metabolism.2021; 23(2): 609. CrossRef - Beneficial effect of anti-diabetic drugs for nonalcoholic fatty liver disease
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- Is an Oral Glucose Tolerance Test Still Valid for Diagnosing Diabetes Mellitus?
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Dong-Lim Kim, Sun-Doo Kim, Suk Kyeong Kim, Sooyoun Park, Kee-Ho Song
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Diabetes Metab J. 2016;40(2):118-128. Published online November 20, 2015
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.4093/dmj.2016.40.2.118
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- Background
We evaluated the diagnostic rate of diabetes using fasting plasma glucose (FPG), 2-hour plasma glucose (2h PG) after 75 g oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT), and glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c) levels, and we elucidated the pathophysiologic characteristics and risk factors that give rise to diabetes in patients with prediabetes. MethodsThe data of 236 patients who had the OGTT at Konkuk University Hospital were analyzed. Fasting, 30, and 120 minutes blood glucose levels and insulin levels were measured. The diagnostic rate of diabetes was assessed using FPG, 2h PG, and HbA1c levels. The clinical data and insulin resistance and secretion evaluations were compared using indexes according to the fasting glucose level. ResultsAmong 236 subjects, 97 (41.1%) were diabetics and 102 (43.2%) were prediabetics. The rate of diabetes diagnosis by one of the individual criteria was 56.7%, 53.6%, and 84.5% for FPG, HbA1c, and 2h PG, respectively. When two criteria were used to diagnose diabetes, 72.2% of the diabetic patients were identified by FPG and HbA1c, while 100% were identified by FPG and 2h PG, and 91.7% were identified by 2h PG and HbA1c. The HbA1c cut-off value for 2h PG ≥200 mg/dL was 6.1%, and the FPG cut-off value was 115 mg/dL. In impaired fasting glucose subjects, the HbA1c level, Matsuda index, and insulinogenic index were associated with risk of occurrence of overt diabetes (P<0.01). ConclusionThis study suggests that performing additional OGTT for patients with FPG ≥110 mg/dL or HbA1c ≥6.1% is helpful to reclassify their glucose tolerance status and evaluate their potential for progressing to overt diabetes.
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Romy Slebe, Eva Wenker, Linda J. Schoonmade, Emma J. Bouman, Denis P. Blondin, David J.T. Campbell, André C. Carpentier, Joris Hoeks, Parminder Raina, Patrick Schrauwen, Mireille J. Serlie, Dirk Jan Stenvers, Renée de Mutsert, Joline W.J. Beulens, Femke R Diabetes Research and Clinical Practice.2024; 210: 111638. CrossRef - Dysglycaemia prediction using readily available clinical, anthropometric, and biochemical measurements
R. Guizar-Heredia, M. Guevara-Cruz, M. Aguilar-López, L.E. González-Salazar, I. Medina-Vera, L. Arteaga-Sánchez, E. Pichardo-Ontiveros, A.E. Serralde-Zúñiga, A. Diaz-Villaseñor, A. Ávila-Nava, N. Torres, A.R. Tovar Clinical Nutrition Open Science.2024; 55: 91. CrossRef - Assessing blood sugar measures for predicting new-onset diabetes and cardiovascular disease in community-dwelling adults
Jung-Hwan Kim, Yaeji Lee, Chung-Mo Nam, Yu-Jin Kwon, Ji-Won Lee Endocrine.2024; 86(2): 528. CrossRef - 2023 Clinical Practice Guidelines for Diabetes Management in Korea: Full Version Recommendation of the Korean Diabetes Association
Jun Sung Moon, Shinae Kang, Jong Han Choi, Kyung Ae Lee, Joon Ho Moon, Suk Chon, Dae Jung Kim, Hyun Jin Kim, Ji A Seo, Mee Kyoung Kim, Jeong Hyun Lim, Yoon Ju Song, Ye Seul Yang, Jae Hyeon Kim, You-Bin Lee, Junghyun Noh, Kyu Yeon Hur, Jong Suk Park, Sang Diabetes & Metabolism Journal.2024; 48(4): 546. CrossRef - Early prediction of gestational diabetes mellitus using first trimester maternal serum pregnancy‐associated plasma protein‐a: A cross‐sectional study
Maedeh Amini, Anoshirvan Kazemnejad, Aliakbar Rasekhi, Azam Amirian, Nourossadat Kariman Health Science Reports.2024;[Epub] CrossRef - Dichotomy in the Impact of Elevated Maternal Glucose Levels on Neonatal Epigenome
Ives Yubin Lim, Xinyi Lin, Ai Ling Teh, Yonghui Wu, Li Chen, Menglan He, Shiao-Yng Chan, Julia L MacIsaac, Jerry K Y Chan, Kok Hian Tan, Mary Foong Fong Chong, Michael S Kobor, Keith M Godfrey, Michael J Meaney, Yung Seng Lee, Johan G Eriksson, Peter D Gl The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism.2022; 107(3): e1277. CrossRef - Imaging evaluation of the pancreas in diabetic patients
Ni Zeng, Yi Wang, Yue Cheng, Zixing Huang, Bin Song Abdominal Radiology.2022; 47(2): 715. CrossRef - The Impact of Financial Incentives on Behavior and Self-Management of Uncontrolled Type 2 Diabetes: Pre- and Post-Quasiexperimental Study
Dalal Abdulaziz Al Kathiry, Fatima Al Slail, Khaled Al-Surimi, Raghib Abusaris Global Journal on Quality and Safety in Healthcare.2021; 4(3): 88. CrossRef - Practice Patterns in the Acceptance of Medically Complex Living Kidney Donors with Obesity, Hypertension, Family History of Kidney Disease, or Donor-Recipient Age Discrepancy
Ziad Arabi, Muhammad Bukhari, Abdullah Hamad, Abdulrahman Altheaby, Saleh Kaysi Avicenna Journal of Medicine.2021; 11(04): 172. CrossRef - Secretagogin is Related to Insulin Secretion but Unrelated to Gestational Diabetes Mellitus Status in Pregnancy
Carola Deischinger, Jürgen Harreiter, Karoline Leitner, Dagmar Bancher-Todesca, Sabina Baumgartner-Parzer, Alexandra Kautzky-Willer Journal of Clinical Medicine.2020; 9(7): 2277. CrossRef - Hypoglycemic activity of extracts of Chamaecyparis obtusa var. formosana leaf in rats with hyperglycemia induced by high-fat diets and streptozotocin
Chia-Yun Hsu, Gong-Min Lin, Shang-Tzen Chang Journal of Traditional and Complementary Medicine.2020; 10(4): 389. CrossRef - Optimal fasting plasma glucose and haemoglobin A1c levels for screening of prediabetes and diabetes according to 2‐hour plasma glucose in a high‐risk population: The Korean Diabetes Prevention Study
Seon‐Ah Cha, Suk Chon, Jae‐Seung Yun, Sang Youl Rhee, Sun‐Young Lim, Kun‐Ho Yoon, Yu‐Bae Ahn, Seung‐Hyun Ko, Jeong‐Taek Woo, Jin‐Hee Lee Diabetes/Metabolism Research and Reviews.2020;[Epub] CrossRef - Prediction of type 2 diabetes mellitus using fasting plasma glucose and HbA1c levels among individuals with impaired fasting plasma glucose: a cross-sectional study in Thailand
Tullaya Sitasuwan, Raweewan Lertwattanarak BMJ Open.2020; 10(11): e041269. CrossRef - The effect of oral glucose tolerance testing on changes in arterial stiffness and blood pressure in elderly women with hypertension and relationships between the stage of diabetes and physical fitness levels
Jaesong Lee, Wonil Park, Eunsook Sung, Bokbeom Kim, Nahyun Kim, Saejong Park, Chulho Shin, Jonghoon Park Physical Activity and Nutrition.2020; 24(4): 34. CrossRef - From Pre-Diabetes to Diabetes: Diagnosis, Treatments and Translational Research
Radia Khan, Zoey Chua, Jia Tan, Yingying Yang, Zehuan Liao, Yan Zhao Medicina.2019; 55(9): 546. CrossRef - Molecular imaging of β-cells: diabetes and beyond
Weijun Wei, Emily B. Ehlerding, Xiaoli Lan, Quan-Yong Luo, Weibo Cai Advanced Drug Delivery Reviews.2019; 139: 16. CrossRef - Validity of the FINDRISC as a prediction tool for diabetes in a contemporary Norwegian population: a 10-year follow-up of the HUNT study
Anne Jølle, Kristian Midthjell, Jostein Holmen, Sven Magnus Carlsen, Jaakko Tuomilehto, Johan Håkon Bjørngaard, Bjørn Olav Åsvold BMJ Open Diabetes Research & Care.2019; 7(1): e000769. CrossRef - HbA1c Cutoff for Prediabetes and Diabetes Based on Oral Glucose Tolerance Test in Obese Children and Adolescents
Hyo-Kyoung Nam, Won Kyoung Cho, Jae Hyun Kim, Young-Jun Rhie, Sochung Chung, Kee-Hyoung Lee, Byung-Kyu Suh Journal of Korean Medical Science.2018;[Epub] CrossRef - Detection of glucose metabolism disorders in coronary patients enrolled in cardiac rehabilitation: Is glycated haemoglobin useful? Data from the prospective REHABDIAB study
Sopio Tatulashvili, Bénédicte Patois-Vergès, Amandine Nguyen, Marie-Cécile Blonde, Bruno Vergès European Journal of Preventive Cardiology.2018; 25(5): 464. CrossRef - Imaging in pancreatic disease
Julien Dimastromatteo, Teresa Brentnall, Kimberly A. Kelly Nature Reviews Gastroenterology & Hepatology.2017; 14(2): 97. CrossRef
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Ja Young Jeon, Dae Jung Kim, Seung-Hyun Ko, Hyuk-Sang Kwon, Soo Lim, Sung Hee Choi, Chul Sik Kim, Jee Hyun An, Nan Hee Kim, Jong Chul Won, Jae Hyeon Kim, Bong-Yun Cha, Kee-Ho Song
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Diabetes Metab J. 2014;38(3):197-203. Published online June 17, 2014
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.4093/dmj.2014.38.3.197
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- Background
The Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (KNHANES) III (2005) reported that 22.9% of individuals with diabetes have a glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) <6.5% and that 43.5% have an HbA1c <7%. We investigated the levels of glycemic control and the factors associated with glycemic control using data from the KNHANES V (2010 to 2012). MethodsSubjects with diabetes diagnosed by a physician or those taking antidiabetic medications were classified as individuals with known diabetes. Of 1,498 subjects aged ≥30 years with diabetes, we excluded 157 individuals who were missing HbA1c data. A total of 1,341 subjects were included in the final analysis. ResultsThe prevalence of known diabetes was 7.7% (n=1,498, estimated to be 2.32 million people). The proportions of well-controlled diabetes meeting a HbA1c goal of <6.5% and <7% were 27% and 45.6%, respectively. HbA1c increased as the duration of diabetes increased. HbA1c in subjects with a duration of diabetes ≤5 years was lower than in subjects with a duration >5 years. HbA1c in the group taking only oral hypoglycemic agents (OHAs) was significantly lower than that in the group administered only insulin or OHA and insulin in combination. In logistic regression analysis, a longer duration of diabetes, insulin use and the absence of chronic renal failure were associated with HbA1c levels >6.5%. ConclusionThe level of adequate glycemic control was similar to but slightly improved compared with previous levels. The glycemic control of long-standing diabetes patients is more difficult even though they receive insulin treatment.
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ShanaShirin Najeeb, TeenaMary Joy, Aswathy Sreedevi, K Vijayakumar, Syama, . Glycaemic Control and Determinants Team Indian Journal of Public Health.2022; 66(5): 80. CrossRef - C-peptide level as predictor of type 2 diabetes remission and body composition changes in non-diabetic and diabetic patients after Roux-en-Y gastric bypass
Roberto de Cleva, Flavio Kawamoto, Georgia Borges, Priscila Caproni, Alex Jones Flores Cassenote, Marco Aurelio Santo Clinics.2021; 76: e2906. CrossRef - Inadequate achievement of ABC goals (HbA1c, blood pressure, LDL-C) among patients with type 2 diabetes in an Iranian population, 2012–2017
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- Prevalence and Determinants of Diabetic Nephropathy in Korea: Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey
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Jae Hee Ahn, Ji Hee Yu, Seung-Hyun Ko, Hyuk-Sang Kwon, Dae Jung Kim, Jae Hyeon Kim, Chul Sik Kim, Kee-Ho Song, Jong Chul Won, Soo Lim, Sung Hee Choi, Kyungdo Han, Bong-Yun Cha, Nan Hee Kim
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Diabetes Metab J. 2014;38(2):109-119. Published online April 18, 2014
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.4093/dmj.2014.38.2.109
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Abstract
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- Background
Diabetic nephropathy is a leading cause of end stage renal disease and is associated with an increased risk of cardiovascular mortality. It manifests as albuminuria or impaired glomerular filtration rate (GFR), and the prevalence of diabetic nephropathy varies with ethnicity. The prevalence of diabetic nephropathy and its determinants in Korean adults have not previously been studied at the national level. This cross-sectional study was undertaken to ascertain the prevalence and determinants of albuminuria and chronic kidney disease (CKD) in Korean patients with diabetes. MethodsThe Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (KNHANES) V, conducted in 2011, was used to define albuminuria (n=4,652), and the dataset of KNHANES IV-V (2008-2011) was used to define CKD (n=21,521). Selected samples were weighted to represent the entire civilian population in Korea. Albuminuria was defined as a spot urine albumin/creatinine ratio >30 mg/g. CKD was defined as a GFR <60 mL/min/1.73 m2. ResultsAmong subjects with diabetes, 26.7% had albuminuria, and 8.6% had CKD. Diabetes was associated with an approximate 2.5-fold increased risk of albuminuria, with virtually no difference between new-onset and previously diagnosed diabetes. Only systolic blood pressure was significantly associated with albuminuria, and old age, high serum triglyceride levels, and previous cardiovascular disease (CVD) were related with CKD in subjects with diabetes. ConclusionKorean subjects with diabetes had a higher prevalence of albuminuria and CKD than those without diabetes. Blood pressure was associated with albuminuria, and age, triglyceride level, and previous CVD were independent determinants of CKD in subjects with diabetes.
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Citations
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- Prevalence, Awareness, and Management of Obesity in Korea: Data from the Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (1998-2011)
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Chul Sik Kim, Seung-Hyun Ko, Hyuk-Sang Kwon, Nan Hee Kim, Jae Hyeon Kim, Soo Lim, Sung Hee Choi, Kee-Ho Song, Jong Chul Won, Dae Jung Kim, Bong-Yun Cha
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Diabetes Metab J. 2014;38(1):35-43. Published online February 19, 2014
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.4093/dmj.2014.38.1.35
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- Background
Obesity is a risk factor for diabetes and several cardiovascular diseases. This study was to investigate the trends in the prevalence, awareness, and management status of obesity among the Korean population for recent 13 years. MethodsThe prevalence, subjective awareness, and management of obesity were investigated in adults aged ≥19 years by using the data from the Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Surveys (KNHANES) 1998 to 2011. ResultsThe number of participants was 8,117, 5,826, 5,500, 3,025, 6,756, 7,506, 6,255, and 6,155 in the KNHANES in years 1998, 2001, 2005, 2007, 2008, 2009, 2010, and 2011, respectively. The prevalence of obesity was 26.9%, 29.2%, 32.9%, 32.5%, 32.0%, 32.6%, 32.0%, and 32.0% in 1998, 2001, 2005, 2007, 2008, 2009, 2010, and 2011, respectively, while the overall prevalence of obesity and abdominal obesity increased by 1.19-fold and 1.24-fold respectively in 2011 compared against 2001. In general, a gradual increase in the prevalence of severe obesity has been observed as years go by. Furthermore, trends of improvements in obesity awareness and management rates were visible over the period of surveys. ConclusionAlthough the management status of obesity has improved during the recent years, more effective strategy to control obesity is needed.
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- Higher Prevalence and Awareness, but Lower Control Rate of Hypertension in Patients with Diabetes than General Population: The Fifth Korean National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey in 2011
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Seung-Hyun Ko, Hyuk-Sang Kwon, Dae Jung Kim, Jae Hyeon Kim, Nan Hee Kim, Chul Sik Kim, Kee-Ho Song, Jong Chul Won, Soo Lim, Sung Hee Choi, Kyungdo Han, Yong-Moon Park, Bong-Yun Cha
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Diabetes Metab J. 2014;38(1):51-57. Published online February 19, 2014
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.4093/dmj.2014.38.1.51
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Abstract
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- Background
We investigated the prevalence, awareness, treatment, and control rate of hypertension in Korean adults with diabetes using nationally representative data. MethodsUsing data of 5,105 adults from the fifth Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey in 2011 (4,389 nondiabetes mellitus [non-DM]), 242 newly diagnosed with DM (new-DM), and 474 previously diagnosed with DM (known-DM), we analyzed the prevalence of hypertension (mean systolic blood pressure ≥140 mm Hg, diastolic blood pressure ≥90 mm Hg, or use of antihypertensive medication) and control rate of hypertension (blood pressure [BP] <130/80 mm Hg). ResultsThe prevalence of hypertension in diabetic adults was 54.6% (44.4% in new-DM and 62.6% in known-DM, P<0.0001 and P<0.0001, respectively) compared with non-DM adults (26.2%). Compared to non-DM, awareness (85.7%, P<0.001) and treatment (97.0%, P=0.020) rates were higher in known-DM, whereas no differences were found between new-DM and non-DM. Control rate among all hypertensive subjects was lower in new-DM (14.9%), compared to non-DM (35.1%, P<0.001) and known-DM (33.3%, P=0.004). Control rate among treated subjects was also lower in new-DM (25.2%), compared to non-DM (68.4%, P<0.0001) and known-DM (39.9%, P<0.0001). ConclusionHigher prevalence and low control rate of hypertension in adults with diabetes suggest that stringent efforts are needed to control BP in patients with diabetes, particularly in newly diagnosed diabetic patients.
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- Prevalence and Management of Dyslipidemia in Korea: Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey during 1998 to 2010
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Eun Roh, Seung-Hyun Ko, Hyuk-Sang Kwon, Nan Hee Kim, Jae Hyeon Kim, Chul Sik Kim, Kee-Ho Song, Jong Chul Won, Dae Jung Kim, Sung Hee Choi, Soo Lim, Bong-Yun Cha
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Diabetes Metab J. 2013;37(6):433-449. Published online December 12, 2013
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.4093/dmj.2013.37.6.433
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Abstract
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- Background
Dyslipidemia is a major risk factor of cardiovascular disease. The aim of this study was to investigate the changing trends in the prevalence and management status of dyslipidemia among Korean adults. MethodsThe prevalence of dyslipidemia and the rates of awareness, treatment, and control of dyslipidemia were investigated in adults aged ≥20 years from the Korea National Health and Nutrition Surveys (KNHANES) 1998 to 2010. The updated National Cholesterol Education Program criteria was used, which define dyslipidemia as having one or more of the following lipid abnormalities: hypercholesterolemia (total cholesterol ≥240 mg/dL or diagnosis of dyslipidemia or use of lipid-lowering drugs), hypertriglyceridemia (≥150 mg/dL), hyper-low density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterolemia (≥160 mg/dL or diagnosis of dyslipidemia or use of lipid-lowering drugs), and hypo-high density lipoprotein (HDL)-cholesterolemia (<40 mg/dL in men and <50 mg/dL in women). ResultsThe number of participants was 6,921, 4,894, 5,312, 2,733, 6,295, 6,900, and 5,738 in KNHANES 1998, 2001, 2005, 2007, 2008, 2009, and 2010, respectively. Age-standardized prevalence rates of dyslipidemia were 54.0%, 65.8%, 66.5%, 60.6%, 58.7%, 58.9%, and 59.0% in 1998, 2001, 2005, 2007, 2008, 2009, and 2010, respectively. Hypertriglyceridemia and hypo-HDL-cholesterolemia were the two most frequent lipid abnormalities. The overall prevalence of hypercholesterolemia and hyper-LDL-cholesterolemia increased by 1.36- and 1.35-fold in 2010 compared with 2007, respectively. Awareness, treatment, and control rates of dyslipidemia improved over the period of surveys in both sexes. In 2010, about 30% of dyslipidemic patients who received lipid-lowering treatment reached target levels. ConclusionAlthough the management status of dyslipidemia has improved during recent years, effective strategy is required for achieving better prevention, treatment, and control of dyslipidemia.
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- Prevalence of Diabetes and Prediabetes according to Fasting Plasma Glucose and HbA1c
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Ja Young Jeon, Seung-Hyun Ko, Hyuk-Sang Kwon, Nan Hee Kim, Jae Hyeon Kim, Chul Sik Kim, Kee-Ho Song, Jong Chul Won, Soo Lim, Sung Hee Choi, Myoung-jin Jang, Yuna Kim, Kyungwon Oh, Dae Jung Kim, Bong-Yun Cha
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Diabetes Metab J. 2013;37(5):349-357. Published online October 17, 2013
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.4093/dmj.2013.37.5.349
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Abstract
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- Background
Due to the inconvenience of performing oral glucose tolerance tests and day to day variability in glucose level, glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) has been recommended by the American Diabetes Association as a method to diagnose diabetes. In addition, the Korean Diabetes Association has also recommended the use of HbA1c as a diagnostic test for diabetes. In this study, we evaluated the prevalence of diabetes according to fasting plasma glucose (FPG) level only or the combination of FPG and HbA1c tests. MethodsData from the 2011 Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (KNHANES) were analyzed. Among 5,811 subjects aged 30 years or older, 5,020 were selected after excluding the data of fasting time <8 hours, missing values from fasting glucose or HbA1c level, previous diagnosis of diabetes made by physicians, or current use of antidiabetic medications. Diabetes was defined as FPG ≥126 mg/dL, previous diagnosis of diabetes made by a medical doctor, current use of antidiabetic medications, and/or HbA1c ≥6.5%. Prediabetes was defined as FPG of 100 to 125 mg/dL and/or HbA1c of 5.7% to 6.4%. ResultsWhen we used FPG only, the prevalence of diabetes and prediabetes were 10.5% (men, 12.6%; women, 8.5%) and 19.3% (men, 23.8%; women, 14.9%), respectively. When HbA1c was included as a diagnostic test, the prevalence of diabetes and prediabetes increased to 12.4% (men, 14.5%; women, 10.4%) and 38.3% (men, 41%; women, 35.7%), respectively. Participants with HbA1c ≥6.5% and fasting glucose level <126 mg/dL were older and had lower estimated glomerular filtration rate. ConclusionWe concluded that using fasting glucose level only may result in an underestimation of diabetes and prediabetes. HbA1c is an acceptable complementary diagnostic test for diabetes in Korean patients. However, national standardization is needed to order to use HbA1c as a diagnostic method of diabetes and prediabetes.
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- Efficacy and Safety of Biphasic Insulin Aspart 30/70 in Type 2 Diabetes Suboptimally Controlled on Oral Antidiabetic Therapy in Korea: A Multicenter, Open-Label, Single-Arm Study
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Kee-Ho Song, Jung Min Kim, Jung-Hyun Noh, Yongsoo Park, Hyun-Shik Son, Kyong Wan Min, Kyung Soo Ko
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Diabetes Metab J. 2013;37(2):117-124. Published online April 16, 2013
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.4093/dmj.2013.37.2.117
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3,996
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Abstract
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- Background
The purpose of this study was to evaluate change in glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c), side effects, and quality of life (QOL) after a 16-week treatment period with Biphasic insulin aspart 30/70 (BIasp30) in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) who had been suboptimally controlled with oral antidiabetic drugs (OADs). MethodsThe study consisted of a 4-week titration period when concurrent OAD(s) were replaced with BIasp30 and followed by a 12-week maintenance period. All patients completed the Diabetes Treatment Satisfaction Questionnaire at the beginning and the end of the trial. Hypoglycemic episodes were recorded by the patient throughout the trial. ResultsSixty patients were included, of whom 55 patients (92%) completed the full 16-week treatment period. Seven-point blood glucose was significantly improved as compared with the baseline, except for the postlunch blood glucose level. HbA1c at the end of period was significantly improved from 9.2% to 8.2% (P<0.001). Eleven percent (n=6) of patients achieved HbA1c values ≤6.5% and 22% (n=12) of patients achieved <7.0%. There were 3.4 episodes/patients-year of minor hypoglycemia and 0.05 episodes/patients-year of major hypoglycemia. QOL showed significant changes only in the acceptability of high blood glucose category (P=0.003). ConclusionTreatment with once or twice daily BIasp30 may be an option for the patients with T2DM suboptimally controlled with OADs in Korea. However, considering the low number of patients achieving the HbA1c target and the high postlunch blood glucose levels, additional management with another modality may be required for optimal control.
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- 15 Years of Experience with Biphasic Insulin Aspart 30 in Type 2 Diabetes
Andreas Liebl, Viswanathan Mohan, Wenying Yang, Krzysztof Strojek, Sultan Linjawi Drugs in R&D.2018; 18(1): 27. CrossRef - Basal‐prandial versus premixed insulin in patients with type 2 diabetes requiring insulin intensification after basal insulin optimization: A 24‐week randomized non‐inferiority trial
Sang‐Man Jin, Jae Hyeon Kim, Kyung Wan Min, Ji Hyun Lee, Kue Jeong Ahn, Jeong Hyun Park, Hak Chul Jang, Seok Won Park, Kwan Woo Lee, Kyu Chang Won, Young‐Il Kim, Choon Hee Chung, Tae Sun Park, Jee‐Hyun Lee, Moon‐Kyu Lee Journal of Diabetes.2016; 8(3): 405. CrossRef - The optimal morning:evening ratio in total dose of twice‐daily biphasic insulin analogue in poorly controlled Type 2 diabetes: a 24‐week multi‐centre prospective, randomized controlled, open‐labelled clinical study
C. H. Jung, J.‐Y. Park, J. H. Cho, K.‐H. Yoon, H. K. Yang, Y.‐H. Lee, B. S. Cha, B.‐W. Lee Diabetic Medicine.2014; 31(1): 68. CrossRef - Response: Efficacy and Safety of Biphasic Insulin Aspart 30/70 in Type 2 Diabetes Suboptimally Controlled on Oral Antidiabetic Therapy in Korea: A Multicenter, Open-Label, Single-Arm Study (Diabetes Metab J2013;37:117-24)
Kee-Ho Song, Jung Min Kim, Jung-Hyun Noh, Yongsoo Park, Hyun-Shik Son, Kyong Wan Min, Kyung Soo Ko Diabetes & Metabolism Journal.2013; 37(3): 214. CrossRef - Letter: Efficacy and Safety of Biphasic Insulin Aspart 30/70 in Type 2 Diabetes Suboptimally Controlled on Oral Antidiabetic Therapy in Korea: A Multicenter, Open-Label, Single-Arm Study (Diabetes Metab J2013;37:117-24)
Byung-Wan Lee Diabetes & Metabolism Journal.2013; 37(3): 212. CrossRef
- The Association between Midnight Salivary Cortisol and Metabolic Syndrome in Korean Adults
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Yun-Mi Jang, Eun Jung Lee, Dong Lim Kim, Suk Kyeong Kim, Kee-Ho Song
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Diabetes Metab J. 2012;36(3):245-250. Published online June 14, 2012
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.4093/dmj.2012.36.3.245
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4,650
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Abstract
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- Background
The common characteristics of metabolic syndrome (MetS) and Cushing's syndrome suggest that excess cortisol may be involved in the pathogenesis of MetS. Salivary cortisol measurements are simple and can be surrogates for plasma free cortisol, which is the most biologically active form. We evaluated the association between levels of midnight salivary cortisol and MetS in Korean adults. MethodsA total of 46 subjects, aged 20 to 70 years, who visited the Health Care Center at Konkuk University Hospital from August 2008 to August 2009 were enrolled. We compared the levels of midnight salivary cortisol in subjects with MetS with those in subjects without MetS. We analyzed the associations between midnight salivary cortisol levels and components of MetS. ResultsMidnight salivary cortisol levels were higher in the MetS group (70±42.4 ng/dL, n=12) than that in the group without MetS (48.1±36.8 ng/dL, n=34) (P=0.001). Positive correlations were observed between midnight salivary cortisol levels and waist circumference, fasting blood glucose, and homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance. The risk for MetS was significantly higher in subjects with midnight salivary cortisol levels ≥100 ng/dL than in those with levels <50 ng/dL (odds ratio, 5.9; 95% confidence interval, 2.35 to 36.4). ConclusionThe results showed a positive correlation between midnight salivary cortisol levels and MetS, suggesting that hypercortisolism may be related to MetS.
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Francis Osei, Andrea Block, Pia-Maria Wippert Frontiers in Endocrinology.2022;[Epub] CrossRef - Salivary cortisol levels during Ramadan fasting in hydrocortisone-treated secondary adrenal insufficiency patients
Melika Chihaoui, Wiem Madhi, Meriem Yazidi, Bessem Hammami, Ibtissem Oueslati, Nadia Khessairi, Wafa Grira, Amina Bibi, Moncef Feki, Fatma Chaker Endocrine.2020; 70(2): 404. CrossRef - Basal cortisol levels and metabolic syndrome: A systematic review and meta-analysis of observational studies
Anderson Garcez, Heloísa Marquardt Leite, Elisabete Weiderpass, Vera Maria Vieira Paniz, Guilherme Watte, Raquel Canuto, Maria Teresa Anselmo Olinto Psychoneuroendocrinology.2018; 95: 50. CrossRef - Is salivary gland function altered in noninsulin-dependent diabetes mellitus and obesity–insulin resistance?
Jitjiroj Ittichaicharoen, Nipon Chattipakorn, Siriporn C. Chattipakorn Archives of Oral Biology.2016; 64: 61. CrossRef - The Role of Cortisol in the Pathogenesis of the Metabolic Syndrome
In-Kyung Jeong Diabetes & Metabolism Journal.2012; 36(3): 207. CrossRef
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