Diabetes & Metabolism Journal

Yu Bae Ahn (Ahn YB)

19 Articles

Transdifferentiation of Enteroendocrine K-cells into Insulin-expressing Cells.: Esder Lee, Jun Mo Yu, Min Kyung Lee, Gyeong Ryul Ryu, Seung Hyun Ko, Yu Bae Ahn, Sung Dae Moon, Ki Ho Song; Korean Diabetes J. 2009;33(6):475-484. Published online December 1, 2009; DOI: https://doi.org/10.4093/kdj.2009.33.6.475

2,484 View
32 Download
1 Crossref

BACKGROUND
Despite a recent breakthough in human islet transplantation for treating type 1 diabetes mellitus, the limited availability of donor pancreases remains a major obstacle. Endocrine cells within the gut epithelium (enteroendocrine cells) and pancreatic beta cells share similar pathways of differentiation during embryonic development. In particular, K-cells that secrete glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide (GIP) have been shown to express many of the key proteins found in beta cells. Therefore, we hypothesize that K-cells can be transdifferentiated into beta cells because both cells have remarkable similarities in their embryonic development and cellular phenotypes. METHODS: K-cells were purified from heterogeneous STC-1 cells originating from an endocrine tumor of a mouse intestine. In addition, a K-cell subclone expressing stable Nkx6.1, called "Kn4-cells," was successfully obtained. In vitro differentiation of K-cells or Kn4-cells into beta cells was completed after exendin-4 treatment and serum deprivation. The expressions of insulin mRNA and protein were examined by RT-PCR and immunocytochemistry. The interacellular insulin content was also measured. RESULTS: K-cells were found to express glucokinase and GIP as assessed by RT-PCR and Western blot analysis. RT-PCR showed that K-cells also expressed Pdx-1, NeuroD1/Beta2, and MafA, but not Nkx6.1. After exendin-4 treatment and serum deprivation, insulin mRNA and insulin or C-peptide were clearly detected in Kn4-cells. The intracellular insulin content was also increased significantly in these cells. CONCLUSION: K-cells are an attractive potential source of insulin-producing cells for treatment of type 1 diabetes mellitus. However, more experiments are necessary to optimize a strategy for converting K-cells into beta cells.

Citations

Citations to this article as recorded by

Reprogramming of enteroendocrine K cells to pancreatic β-cells through the combined expression of Nkx6.1 and Neurogenin3, and reaggregation in suspension culture
Esder Lee, Gyeong Ryul Ryu, Sung-Dae Moon, Seung-Hyun Ko, Yu-Bae Ahn, Ki-Ho Song
Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications.2014; 443(3): 1021. CrossRef

Treatment of Type 1 Diabetes through Genetically Engineered K-cell Transplantation in a Mouse Model.: Ju Yeon Sim, Ju Hee Kim, Yu Bae Ahn, Ki Ho Song, Je Ho Han, Bong Yun Cha, Sook Kyung Lee, Sung Dae Moon; Korean Diabetes J. 2009;33(6):466-474. Published online December 1, 2009; DOI: https://doi.org/10.4093/kdj.2009.33.6.466

2,163 View
28 Download

Abstract PDF: BACKGROUND
K-cells function as targets for insulin gene therapy. In a previous study, we constructed EBV-based plasmids expressing rat preproinsulin controlled by glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide promoters. In the present study, we attempted to correct hyperglycemia in vivo using genetically engineered K-cells in a mouse model of type 1 diabetes. METHODS: K-cells expressing insulin were transplanted under the kidney capsules of STZ-induced diabetic mice. The blood glucose levels and body weights of the experimental animals were measured daily. After four weeks, the mice were injected intra-peritoneally with 2 g/kg glucose following a 6 hr fast. Blood glucose levels were measured immediately following glucose injections. All animals were sacrificed at the end of the glucose tolerance study, and pancreas and graft-bearing kidney tissue samples were stained with antibodies against insulin, glucagon, and C-peptide. RESULTS: The body weights of K-cell-transplanted diabetic mice increased after transplantation, whereas those of untreated diabetic control mice continued to decline. The blood glucose levels of K-cell-transplanted diabetic mice decreased gradually during the two weeks following transplantation. After intra-peritoneal injection of glucose into K-cell-transplanted diabetic mice, blood glucose levels increased at 30 minutes, and were restored to the normal range between 60 and 90 minutes, while untreated control diabetic mice continued to experience hyperglycemia. Kidney capsules containing transplanted K-cells were removed, and sections were stained with anti-insulin antibodies. We detected insulin-positive cells in the kidney capsules of K-cell-transplanted diabetic mice, but not in untreated control mice. CONCLUSION: We detected glucose-dependent insulin secretion in genetically engineered K-cells in a mouse model of type 1 diabetes. Our results suggest that genetically modified insulin producing K-cells may act as surrogate beta-cells to effectively treat type 1 diabetes.

Incidence of Diabetic Foot and Associated Risk Factors in Type 2 Diabetic Patients: A Five-year Observational Study.: Shin Ae Park, Seung Hyun Ko, Seung Hwan Lee, Jae Hyoung Cho, Sung Dae Moon, Sang A Jang, Hyun Shik Son, Ki Ho Song, Bong Yun Cha, Ho Young Son, Yu Bae Ahn; Korean Diabetes J. 2009;33(4):315-323. Published online August 1, 2009; DOI: https://doi.org/10.4093/kdj.2009.33.4.315

2,674 View
45 Download
14 Crossref

Abstract PDF

BACKGROUND
The frequency of lower extremity amputation due to diabetic foot has been increasing in type 2 diabetic patients. The aim of this study was to observe the incidence, clinical aspects and associated risk factors for diabetic foot. METHODS: We evaluated the incidence of diabetic foot through a five-year observation of type 2 diabetic patients who presented to St. vincent's Hospital between January and December 2003. To identify the risk factors for diabetic foot, we evaluated mean glycosylated hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) every six months and assessed renal function based on the existence of proteinuria and estimated glomerular filtration rate (GFR) using the Modification of Diet in Renal Disease (MDRD) equation. Patients were also evaluated for retinopathy, peripheral neuropathy and autonomic neuropathy using Ewing's method. RESULTS: From an initial pool of 613 patients, the observational study of 508 patients (82.9%) was completed. The mean age, duration of diabetes and HbA1c were 50.3 +/- 10.6 yrs, 7.2 +/- 6.5 yrs and 8.8 +/- 2.1%, respectively. Diabetic foot occurred in 32 patients (6.3%). The incidence of diabetic foot increased when diabetic retinopathy (OR = 6.707, 2.314~19.439), peripheral neuropathy (OR = 2.949, 1.075~8.090), and autonomic neuropathy (OR = 3.967, 1.476~10.660) were present and when the MDRD GFR (OR = 5.089, 1.712~15.130) decreased. Mean HbA1c (OR = 12.013, 1.470~98.179) was found to be an independent risk factor for diabetic foot. CONCLUSION: The present study confirmed the importance of intensive glycemic control and the role of autonomic dysfunction in the development of diabetic foot. In addition, diabetic retinopathy and impaired renal function proved to be factors associated with the occurrence of diabetic foot. Therefore, intensive glycemic control, as well as periodic examination of renal function, are essential for the prevention of diabetic foot.

Citations

Citations to this article as recorded by

The Risk of the Aggravation of Diabetic Foot According to Air Quality Factors in the Republic of Korea: A Nationwide Population-Based Study
Saintpee Kim, Sungho Won, Young Yi
International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health.2024; 21(6): 775. CrossRef
Microbiological, Clinical and Radiological Aspects of Diabetic Foot Ulcers Infected with Methicillin-Resistant and -Sensitive Staphylococcus aureus
Maria Stańkowska, Katarzyna Garbacz, Anna Korzon-Burakowska, Marek Bronk, Monika Skotarczak, Anna Szymańska-Dubowik
Pathogens.2022; 11(6): 701. CrossRef
Potential of Nanoencapsulated Quercetin Topical Formulations in the Management of Diabetic Foot Ulcer
Shashank Chaturvedi, Shruti Agrawal, Anuj Garg, Vaibhav Rastogi
Revista Brasileira de Farmacognosia.2022; 33(3): 484. CrossRef
Development of a Diabetic Foot Ulceration Prediction Model and Nomogram
Eun Joo Lee, Ihn Sook Jeong, Seung Hun Woo, Hyuk Jae Jung, Eun Jin Han, Chang Wan Kang, Sookyung Hyun
Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing.2021; 51(3): 280. CrossRef
Regional Variation in the Incidence of Diabetes-Related Lower Limb Amputations and Its Relationship with the Regional Factors
Sung Hun Won, Jahyung Kim, Dong-Il Chun, Young Yi, Suyeon Park, Kwang-Young Jung, Gun-Hyun Park, Jaeho Cho
Journal of Korean Foot and Ankle Society.2019; 23(3): 121. CrossRef
The Changes of Trends in the Diagnosis and Treatment of Diabetic Foot Ulcer over a 10-Year Period: Single Center Study
Choong Hee Kim, Jun Sung Moon, Seung Min Chung, Eun Jung Kong, Chul Hyun Park, Woo Sung Yoon, Tae Gon Kim, Woong Kim, Ji Sung Yoon, Kyu Chang Won, Hyoung Woo Lee
Diabetes & Metabolism Journal.2018; 42(4): 308. CrossRef
The Relationship between Body Mass Index and Diabetic Foot Ulcer, Sensory, Blood Circulation of Foot on Type II Diabetes Mellitus Patients
Yi Kyu Park, Jun Young Lee, Sung Jung, Kang Hyeon Ryu
Journal of the Korean Orthopaedic Association.2018; 53(2): 136. CrossRef
Factors Contributing to Diabetic Foot Ulcer among Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus
Seo Jin Park, Taeyoung Yang, Jun Young Lee, Jinhee Kim
Korean Journal of Adult Nursing.2018; 30(1): 106. CrossRef
A Report on Diabetic Foot and Amputation from the Korean Health Insurance Review & Assessment Service Data
Jong-Kil Kim, Young-Ran Jung, Kyung-Tae Kim, Chung-Shik Shin, Kwang-Bok Lee
Journal of Korean Foot and Ankle Society.2017; 21(2): 66. CrossRef
Prevalence and Current Status of Treatment of Diabetic Foot in South Korea
Jae-Ik Bae, Je Hwan Won, Jun Su Kim, Man Deuk Kim, Chang Jin Yoon, Yun Ku Cho
Journal of the Korean Society of Radiology.2016; 74(3): 169. CrossRef
Diabetic Foot Disease—Incidence and Risk Factors: A Clinical Study
Rajesh Kapila, Rakesh Sharma, Ashwani K Sharma, Jagsir Mann
Journal of Foot and Ankle Surgery (Asia Pacific).2016; 3(1): 41. CrossRef
Diabetic Peripheral Neuropathy in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus in Korea
Seung-Hyun Ko, Bong-Yun Cha
Diabetes & Metabolism Journal.2012; 36(1): 6. CrossRef
Diabetics' Preference in the Design Factors and Performance Requirements of Diabetic Socks
Ji-Eun Lee, Young-Ah Kwon
Journal of the Korean Society of Clothing and Textiles.2011; 35(5): 527. CrossRef
Epidemiology of Diabetic Foot Disease
Kyu Jeung Ahn
Journal of Korean Diabetes.2011; 12(2): 72. CrossRef

A Nationwide Survey about the Current Status of Glycemic Control and Complications in Diabetic Patients in 2006: The Committee of the Korean Diabetes Association on the Epidemiology of Diabetes Mellitus.: Soo Lim, Dae Jung Kim, In Kyung Jeong, Hyun Shik Son, Choon Hee Chung, Gwanpyo Koh, Dae Ho Lee, Kyu Chang Won, Jeong Hyun Park, Tae Sun Park, Jihyun Ahn, Jaetaek Kim, Keun Gyu Park, Seung Hyun Ko, Yu Bae Ahn, Inkyu Lee; Korean Diabetes J. 2009;33(1):48-57. Published online February 1, 2009; DOI: https://doi.org/10.4093/kdj.2009.33.1.48

3,084 View
72 Download
43 Crossref

Abstract PDF

BACKGROUND
The Committee of the Korean Diabetes Association on the Epidemiology of Diabetes Mellitus performed a nationwide survey about the current status of glycemic control and diabetic complications in 2006. METHODS: The current study included 5,652 diabetic patients recruited from the rosters of endocrinology clinics of 13 tertiary hospitals in Korea. Age, gender, height, weight, waist circumference and blood pressure were investigated by standard method. Fasting and postprandial 2 hour glucose, glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c), lipid profiles, fasting insulin and c-peptide levels were measured. Microvascular (microalbuminuria, retinopathy and neuropathy) and macrovascular (coronary artery disease [CAD], cerebrovascular disease [CVD] and peripheral artery disease [PAD]) complications were reviewed in their medical records. RESULTS: Mean age of total subjects was 58.7 (+/- 11.6) years and duration of diabetes was 8.8 (0~50) years. Mean fasting and postprandial 2 hour glucose levels were 145.9 +/- 55.0 and 208.0 +/- 84.4 mg/dL, respectively. Their mean HbA1c was 7.9 +/- 1.9%: the percentage of patients within target goal of glycemic control (< 7% of HbA1c) was 36.7%. In this study, 30.3%, 38.3% and 44.6% of patients was found to have microalbuminuria, retinopathy and nephropathy, respectively. Prevalence of CAD, CVD and PAD was 8.7%, 6.7% and 3.0%, respectively. Diabetic complications were closely related with age, duration of diabetes and glycemic control, and this relationship was stronger in microvascular complications than macrovascular ones. CONCLUSION: Only about one third of patients with diabetes was found to reach target glycemic control in tertiary hospitals of Korea. More tight control is needed to reduce deleterious complications of diabetes in Korea.

Citations

Citations to this article as recorded by

Risk of Diabetic Complications in Type 2 Diabetes Patients with Dementia: A Population-Based Study Using National Health Insurance Claims Data
Eun Sik Jeong, Ah-Young Kim, Hye-Young Kang
Drug Targets and Therapeutics.2023; 2(1): 49. CrossRef
Prevalence of thyroid disorders in type 2 diabetic patients – A 1-year cross-sectional study
Rikita Ramesh Mudhol, Shivakumar Veeranna Turamari, Rekha Ramesh Mudhol, B. Srinivas
BLDE University Journal of Health Sciences.2022; 7(1): 56. CrossRef
Associations of fasting glucose and glycated hemoglobin with vitamin D levels according to diabetes mellitus status in Korean adults
Yerin Hwang, Jiyoung Jang, Myung-Hee Shin
Epidemiology and Health.2022; 44: e2022025. CrossRef
Atherectomy in Peripheral Artery Disease: Current and Future
Yohan Kwon, Jinoo Kim, Je-Hwan Won, Seong Ho Kim, Jeong-Eun Kim, Sung-Joon Park
Journal of the Korean Society of Radiology.2021; 82(3): 551. CrossRef
Diabetic Retinopathy and Related Clinical Practice for People with Diabetes in Korea: A 10-Year Trend Analysis
Yoo-Ri Chung, Kyoung Hwa Ha, Kihwang Lee, Dae Jung Kim
Diabetes & Metabolism Journal.2020; 44(6): 928. CrossRef
Current status of treatment of type 2 diabetes mellitus in Ningbo, China
Tianmeng Yang, Rongjiong Zheng, Qingmei Chen, Yushan Mao
Journal of Clinical Laboratory Analysis.2019;[Epub] CrossRef
Recently Uncontrolled Glycemia in Diabetic Patients Is Associated with the Severity of Intracranial Atherosclerosis
Nari Choi, Jeong-Yoon Lee, Jun-Sang Sunwoo, Hakjae Roh, Moo-Young Ahn, Sung-Tae Park, Kyung Bok Lee
Journal of Stroke and Cerebrovascular Diseases.2017; 26(11): 2615. CrossRef
The effect of educational program based on the precede-proceed model on improving self-care behaviors in a semi-urban population with type 2 diabetes referred to health centers of Bavi, Iran
Neda Barasheh, Ghodratollah Shakerinejad, Sedigheh Nouhjah, Mohammad Hossein Haghighizadeh
Diabetes & Metabolic Syndrome: Clinical Research & Reviews.2017; 11: S759. CrossRef
Increased prevalence of albuminuria in individuals with higher range of impaired fasting glucose: the 2011 Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey
Jong Chul Won, Jae Won Hong, Jung Min Kim, Tae Nyun Kim, Jung Hyun Noh, Kyung Soo Ko, Byoung Doo Rhee, Dong-Jun Kim
Journal of Diabetes and its Complications.2015; 29(1): 50. CrossRef
Assessment of glycemic control in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus treated with metformin–sulfonylurea combination: Results of a multicenter, cross‐sectional, observational study in Korea
Sin Gon Kim, Jong Ryeal Hahm, Duk Kyu Kim, Sung Rae Cho, Dong Seop Choi
Journal of Diabetes Investigation.2015; 6(3): 317. CrossRef
Current Status of Management in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus at General Hospitals in South Korea
Jin-Hee Jung, Jung-Hwa Lee, Jin-Won Noh, Jeong-Eun Park, Hee-Sook Kim, Joo-Wha Yoo, Bok-Rye Song, Jeong-rim Lee, Myeong-Hee Hong, Hyang-Mi Jang, Young Na, Hyun-Joo Lee, Jeong-Mi Lee, Yang-Gyo Kang, Sun-Young Kim, Kang-Hee Sim
Diabetes & Metabolism Journal.2015; 39(4): 307. CrossRef
Kidney injury molecule-1 (Kim-1): an early biomarker for nephropathy in type II diabetic patients
Nahla E. El-Ashmawy, Enas A. El-Zamarany, Naglaa F. Khedr, Abeer I. Abd El-Fattah, Shereen A. Eltoukhy
International Journal of Diabetes in Developing Countries.2015; 35(S3): 431. CrossRef
The Effect of the Experience of Diabetes Education on Knowledge, Self-Care Behavior and Glycosylated Hemoglobin in Type 2 Diabetic Patients
Seung Hei Moon, Young Whee Lee, Ok-Kyung Ham, Soo-Hyun Kim
The Journal of Korean Academic Society of Nursing Education.2014; 20(1): 81. CrossRef
Clinical Characteristics of Diabetic Patients Transferred to Korean Referral Hospitals
Min Young Oh, Sang Soo Kim, In Joo Kim, In Kyu Lee, Hong Sun Baek, Hyoung Woo Lee, Min Young Chung
Diabetes & Metabolism Journal.2014; 38(5): 388. CrossRef
Current Status of Prescription in Type 2 Diabetic Patients from General Hospitals in Busan
Ji Hye Suk, Chang Won Lee, Sung Pyo Son, Min Cheol Kim, Jun Hyeob Ahn, Kwang Jae Lee, Ja Young Park, Sun Hye Shin, Min Jeong Kwon, Sang Soo Kim, Bo Hyun Kim, Soon Hee Lee, Jeong Hyun Park, In Joo Kim
Diabetes & Metabolism Journal.2014; 38(3): 230. CrossRef
The Influence of Admission Hypoglycemia on Clinical Outcomes in Acute Myocardial Infarction Patients with Diabetes Mellitus
Eun Jung Kim, Myung Ho Jeong, In Seok Jeong, Sang Gi Oh, Sang Hyung Kim, Young keun Ahn, Ju Han Kim, Young Jo Kim, Shung Chull Chae, Taek Jong Hong, In Whan Seong, Jei Keon Chae, Chong Jin Kim, Myeong Chan Cho, Ki Bae Seung, Hyo Soo Kim
Korean Journal of Medicine.2014; 87(5): 565. CrossRef
Duration of diabetes and effectiveness of insulin in the management of insulin-naïve Korean patients uncontrolled on oral antidiabetic drugs: a sub-analysis of the MOdaliTy of Insulin treatment eValuation (MOTIV) registry results
Sang Soo Kim, In Joo Kim, Yong Ki Kim, Kun Ho Yoon, Ho Young Son, Sung Woo Park, Yeon Ah Sung, Hong Sun Baek, Kyoung Soo Ha
Acta Diabetologica.2014; 51(4): 655. CrossRef
Is the Indicator Magnifying Window for Insulin Pens Helpful for Elderly Diabetic Patients?
Ju Hee Lee, Eun Shil Hong, Jung Hun Ohn, Young Min Cho
Diabetes & Metabolism Journal.2013; 37(2): 149. CrossRef
Prevalence of and Factors Associated with Albuminuria in the Korean Adult Population: The 2011 Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey
Jong Chul Won, Yun Jeong Lee, Jung Min Kim, Sang Youb Han, Jung Hyun Noh, Kyung Soo Ko, Byoung Doo Rhee, Dong-Jun Kim, Harald Mischak
PLoS ONE.2013; 8(12): e83273. CrossRef
The Epidemiology of Diabetic Nephropathy
Jin Hwa Kim
The Journal of Korean Diabetes.2013; 14(1): 11. CrossRef
The Relationship between Neuropathic Pain and Glycemic Control, Self Management in Type II Diabetes Mellitus Patients
Yeong-Mi Seo, Won-Hee Choi
Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society.2013; 14(4): 1774. CrossRef
Efficacy and Safety of Biphasic Insulin Aspart 30/70 in Type 2 Diabetes Suboptimally Controlled on Oral Antidiabetic Therapy in Korea: A Multicenter, Open-Label, Single-Arm Study
Kee-Ho Song, Jung Min Kim, Jung-Hyun Noh, Yongsoo Park, Hyun-Shik Son, Kyong Wan Min, Kyung Soo Ko
Diabetes & Metabolism Journal.2013; 37(2): 117. CrossRef
Comorbidity Study on Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Using Data Mining
Hye Soon Kim, A Mi Shin, Mi Kyung Kim, Yoon Nyun Kim
The Korean Journal of Internal Medicine.2012; 27(2): 197. CrossRef
Low ankle-brachial index is an independent predictor of poor functional outcome in acute cerebral infarction
Jinkwon Kim, Dong Hyun Lee, Myoung-Jin Cha, Tae-Jin Song, Ji Hye Park, Hye Sun Lee, Chung Mo Nam, Hyo Suk Nam, Young Dae Kim, Ji Hoe Heo
Atherosclerosis.2012; 224(1): 113. CrossRef
Glucose, Blood Pressure, and Lipid Control in Korean Adults with Diagnosed Diabetes
Sun-Joo Boo
Korean Journal of Adult Nursing.2012; 24(4): 406. CrossRef
Diabetic Peripheral Neuropathy in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus in Korea
Seung-Hyun Ko, Bong-Yun Cha
Diabetes & Metabolism Journal.2012; 36(1): 6. CrossRef
The Association of Self-Reported Coronary Heart Disease with Diabetes Duration in Korea
Hye Mi Kang, Yun Jeong Lee, Dong-Jun Kim
Diabetes & Metabolism Journal.2012; 36(5): 350. CrossRef
Response: The Prevalence of Peripheral Arterial Disease in Korean Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Attending a University Hospital (Diabetes Metab J 2011;35:543-50)
Ji Hee Yu, Ki-Up Lee
Diabetes & Metabolism Journal.2012; 36(1): 77. CrossRef
Reduction in glycated albumin can predict change in HbA1c: comparison of oral hypoglycaemic agent and insulin treatments
H. K. Won, K. J. Kim, B.‐W. Lee, E. S. Kang, B. S. Cha, H. C. Lee
Diabetic Medicine.2012; 29(1): 74. CrossRef
Management of Blood Pressure in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: A Nationwide Survey in Korean
Mi Hae Seo, Woo Je Lee, Cheol Young Park, Sung Rae Kim, Joong Yeol Park, Kun-Ho Yoon, Moon Kyu Lee, Sung Woo Park
Diabetes & Metabolism Journal.2011; 35(4): 348. CrossRef
Accuracy Evaluation of the Alternative Site Blood Glucose Test Using Error Grid
Kyung-Soon Park, Eun-Jong Cha
Journal of Biomedical Engineering Research.2011; 32(1): 25. CrossRef
Glycated albumin is a useful glycation index for monitoring fluctuating and poorly controlled type 2 diabetic patients
Eun Young Lee, Byung-Wan Lee, Daham Kim, Yong-ho Lee, Kwang Joon Kim, Eun Seok Kang, Bong-Soo Cha, Eun Jig Lee, Hyun Chul Lee
Acta Diabetologica.2011; 48(2): 167. CrossRef
Group Classification on Management Behavior of Diabetic Mellitus
Sung-Hong Kang, Soon-Ho Choi
Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society.2011; 12(2): 765. CrossRef
Predictive Clinical Parameters for the Therapeutic Efficacy of Sitagliptin in Korean Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus
Soon Ae Kim, Woo Ho Shim, Eun Hae Lee, Young Mi Lee, Sun Hee Beom, Eun Sook Kim, Jeong Seon Yoo, Ji Sun Nam, Min Ho Cho, Jong Suk Park, Chul Woo Ahn, Kyung Rae Kim
Diabetes & Metabolism Journal.2011; 35(2): 159. CrossRef
Epidemiology of Micro- and Macrovascular Complications of Type 2 Diabetes in Korea
Jung Hee Kim, Dae Jung Kim, Hak Chul Jang, Sung Hee Choi
Diabetes & Metabolism Journal.2011; 35(6): 571. CrossRef
Increasing Trend in the Number of Severe Hypoglycemia Patients in Korea
Jin Taek Kim, Tae Jung Oh, Ye An Lee, Jun Ho Bae, Hyo Jeong Kim, Hye Seung Jung, Young Min Cho, Kyong Soo Park, Soo Lim, Hak Chul Jang, Hong Kyu Lee
Diabetes & Metabolism Journal.2011; 35(2): 166. CrossRef
Prevalence and Associated Factors of Diabetic Retinopathy in Rural Korea: The Chungju Metabolic Disease Cohort Study
Ji-Hyun Kim, Hyuk-Sang Kwon, Yong-Moon Park, Jin-Hee Lee, Man-Soo Kim, Kun-Ho Yoon, Won Chul Lee, Bong-Yun Cha, Ho-Young Son
Journal of Korean Medical Science.2011; 26(8): 1068. CrossRef
The Prevalence of Peripheral Arterial Disease in Korean Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Attending a University Hospital
Ji Hee Yu, Jenie Yoonoo Hwang, Mi-Seon Shin, Chang Hee Jung, Eun Hee Kim, Sang Ah Lee, Eun Hee Koh, Woo Je Lee, Min-Seon Kim, Joong-Yeol Park, Ki-Up Lee
Diabetes & Metabolism Journal.2011; 35(5): 543. CrossRef
Prevalence, Awareness, and Control of Hypertension among Diabetic Koreans
Hyun Hee Chung, Kyu Chang Won
Diabetes & Metabolism Journal.2011; 35(4): 337. CrossRef
Factors Influencing Physical Activity Behavior among Iranian Women with Type 2 Diabetes Using the Extended Theory of Reasoned Action
Alireza Didarloo, Davoud Shojaeizadeh, Hassan Eftekhar Ardebili, Shamsaddin Niknami, Ebrahim Hajizadeh, Mohammad Alizadeh
Diabetes & Metabolism Journal.2011; 35(5): 513. CrossRef
Factors that Affect Medication Adherence in Elderly Patients with Diabetes Mellitus
Kyung-Ae Park, Jung-Guk Kim, Bo-Wan Kim, Sin Kam, Keon-Yeop Kim, Sung-Woo Ha, Sung-Taek Hyun
Korean Diabetes Journal.2010; 34(1): 55. CrossRef
The Effects of Tailored Diabetes Education on Blood Glucose Control and Self-Care
Kyung Sun Hyun, Kwang Mi Kim, Sook Hee Jang
Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing.2009; 39(5): 720. CrossRef
Epidemiologic Characteristics of Diabetes Mellitus in Korea: Current Status of Diabetic Patients Using Korean Health Insurance Database
Ie Byung Park, Sei Hyun Baik
Korean Diabetes Journal.2009; 33(5): 357. CrossRef

Prevalence of the Metabolic Syndrome in Type 2 Diabetic Patients.: Tae Ho Kim, Dae Jung Kim, Soo Lim, In Kyung Jeong, Hyun Shik Son, Choon Hee Chung, Gwanpyo Koh, Dae Ho Lee, Kyu Chang Won, Jeong Hyun Park, Tae Sun Park, Jihyun Ahn, Jaetaek Kim, Keun Gyu Park, Seung Hyun Ko, Yu Bae Ahn, Inkyu Lee; Korean Diabetes J. 2009;33(1):40-47. Published online February 1, 2009; DOI: https://doi.org/10.4093/kdj.2009.33.1.40

2,694 View
38 Download
13 Crossref

Abstract PDF

BACKGROUND
The aim of this study was to analyze the prevalence of metabolic syndrome in Korean type 2 diabetic patients. METHODS: A total of 4,240 diabetic patients (male 2,033, female 2,207; mean age 58.7 +/- 11.3 years; DM duration 8.9 +/- 7.6 years) were selected from the data of endocrine clinics of 13 university hospitals in 2006. Metabolic syndrome was defined using the criteria of the American Heart Association/National Heart Lung and Blood Institute and the criteria of waist circumference from the Korean Society for the Study of Obesity. RESULTS: The prevalence of metabolic syndrome was 77.9% (76.7% of males, 78.9% of females). The average number of the components of metabolic syndrome was 2.4 +/- 1.1. Abdominal obesity was seen in 56.8% of the patients, hypertriglyceridemia in 42.0%, low HDL cholesterol in 65.1%, and high blood pressure in 74.9%. Abdominal obesity and high blood pressure were much more prevalent among females than males, and low HDL cholesterol was much more prevalent among males than females. The prevalence of metabolic syndrome was not different according to the duration of diabetes. Metabolic syndrome was strongly related with obesity (odds ratio, 6.3) and increased age (odds ratio in the over 70 group, 3.4). CONCLUSION: The prevalence of metabolic syndrome was 77.9% in Korean type 2 diabetic patients. Its prevalence was greater in obese patients and in those over 40 years of age.

Citations

Citations to this article as recorded by

A Novel Clinical Predictor of Metabolic Syndrome: Vascular Risk Age
Abdulrahman Naser, Didar Elif Akgün, Rengin Çetin Güvenç, Samet Sayılan, Özgen Şafak
Bagcilar Medical Bulletin.2023; 9(1): 1. CrossRef
Risk of Carotid Atherosclerosis in Subjects with Prediabetes Overlapping Metabolic Syndrome
Seol A Jang, Kyoung Min Kim, Seok Won Park, Chul Sik Kim
Metabolic Syndrome and Related Disorders.2022; 20(10): 599. CrossRef
Metabolic Age, an Index Based on Basal Metabolic Rate, Can Predict Individuals That are High Risk of Developing Metabolic Syndrome
Sarahi Vásquez-Alvarez, Sergio K. Bustamante-Villagomez, Gabriela Vazquez-Marroquin, Leonardo M. Porchia, Ricardo Pérez-Fuentes, Enrique Torres-Rasgado, Oscar Herrera-Fomperosa, Ivette Montes-Arana, M. Elba Gonzalez-Mejia
High Blood Pressure & Cardiovascular Prevention.2021; 28(3): 263. CrossRef
Metabolic syndrome among type 2 diabetic patients in Sub-Saharan African countries: A systematic review and meta-analysis
Wondimeneh Shibabaw Shiferaw, Tadesse Yirga Akalu, Mihretie Gedefaw, Denis Anthony, Ayelign Mengesha Kassie, Worku Misganaw Kebede, Henok Mulugeta, Getenet Dessie, Yared Asmare Aynalem
Diabetes & Metabolic Syndrome: Clinical Research & Reviews.2020; 14(5): 1403. CrossRef
Optimal Waist Circumference Cutoff Value Based on Insulin Resistance and Visceral Obesity in Koreans with Type 2 Diabetes
Jung Soo Lim, Young Ju Choi, Soo-Kyung Kim, Byoung Wook Huh, Eun Jig Lee, Kap Bum Huh
Diabetes & Metabolism Journal.2015; 39(3): 253. CrossRef
The Relations between Diabetic Dietary Compliance, Dietary Intake, and Physical Activity and the Prevalence of Metabolic Syndrome (MS) in Type 2 Diabetic Patients
Dong Eun Kim, Seung Hee Hong, Ji-Myung Kim
Korean Journal of Community Nutrition.2015; 20(5): 351. CrossRef
The Comparison between Periodontal Health Status and the Findings of Hypertension and Diabetes Disease of some Workers
In-Young Ku, Seon-Jeong Moon, Kyung-Hwan Ka, Myeong-Seon Lee
The Korean Journal of Health Service Management.2013; 7(2): 81. CrossRef
The Relationship between Factors of Metabolic Syndrome in Korean Adult Males and the Parents' Family History of Diabetes
Hyung-Su Park, Jin-Gyu Jeong, Jin-Ho Yu
The Journal of the Korea institute of electronic communication sciences.2013; 8(5): 779. CrossRef
Associations of serum fetuin-A levels with insulin resistance and vascular complications in patients with type 2 diabetes
Chan-Hee Jung, Bo-Yeon Kim, Chul-Hee Kim, Sung-Koo Kang, Sang-Hee Jung, Ji-Oh Mok
Diabetes and Vascular Disease Research.2013; 10(5): 459. CrossRef
Cardio-Metabolic Features of Type 2 Diabetes Subjects Discordant in the Diagnosis of Metabolic Syndrome
Sa Rah Lee, Ying Han, Ja Won Kim, Ja Young Park, Ji Min Kim, Sunghwan Suh, Mi-Kyoung Park, Hye-Jeong Lee, Duk Kyu Kim
Diabetes & Metabolism Journal.2012; 36(5): 357. CrossRef
Comorbidity Study on Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Using Data Mining
Hye Soon Kim, A Mi Shin, Mi Kyung Kim, Yoon Nyun Kim
The Korean Journal of Internal Medicine.2012; 27(2): 197. CrossRef
Therapeutic Target Achievement in Type 2 Diabetic Patients after Hyperglycemia, Hypertension, Dyslipidemia Management
Ah Young Kang, Su Kyung Park, So Young Park, Hye Jeong Lee, Ying Han, Sa Ra Lee, Sung Hwan Suh, Duk Kyu Kim, Mi Kyoung Park
Diabetes & Metabolism Journal.2011; 35(3): 264. CrossRef
The Correlations between Extremity Circumferences with Total and Regional Amounts of Skeletal Muscle and Muscle Strength in Obese Women with Type 2 Diabetes
Hwi Ryun Kwon, Kyung Ah Han, Hee Jung Ahn, Jae Hyuk Lee, Gang Seo Park, Kyung Wan Min
Diabetes & Metabolism Journal.2011; 35(4): 374. CrossRef

Average Daily Risk Range-Index of Glycemic Variability-Related Factor in Type 2 Diabetic Inpatients.: Shin Ae Park, Seung Hyun Ko, Seung Hwan Lee, Jae Hyung Cho, Sung Dae Moon, Sang A Jang, Ki Ho Song, Hyun Shik Son, Kun Ho Yoon, Bong Yun Cha, Ho Young Son, Yu Bae Ahn; Korean Diabetes J. 2009;33(1):31-39. Published online February 1, 2009; DOI: https://doi.org/10.4093/kdj.2009.33.1.31

2,564 View
37 Download
2 Crossref

Abstract PDF

BACKGROUND
It is known that chronic sustained hyperglycemia and its consequent oxidative stress causes diabetic complication in type 2 diabetes. It has been further proven that glycemic variability causes oxidative stress. The aim of this study is to measure the average daily risk range (ADDR)-index of glycemic variability, and to evaluate relevant variables. METHODS: We measured the blood glucose level of type 2 diabetic patients who were treated with multiple daily injections from January to July, 2008. The blood glucose levels were checked four times a day for 14 days and were conversed according to the ADRR formula. The degree of glycemic variability was categorized into non-fluctuation and fluctuation groups. We collected patient data on age, sex, duration of diabetes, body mass index, HOMA(IR), HOMA(betacell) and HbA1c. RESULTS: A total of 97 patients were enrolled in this study. The mean age, duration of diabetes, HbA1c and mean ADRR were 57.6 +/- 13.4, 11.5 +/- 8.5 years, 10.7 +/- 2.5%, and 26.6 +/- 9.8, respectively. We classified 18.5% of the patients to the non-fluctuation group, and 81.5% to the fluctuation group. ADRR was significantly correlated with duration of diabetes, fasting and postprandial glucose, fructosamine, HbA1c and BMI and HOMAbetacell. In addition, this study confirmed that BMI, HOMAbetacell and HbA1c were ADRR-related independent variables. CONCLUSION: ADRR can be used as an index for blood glucose fluctuation in type 2 diabetic patients. Measuring ADRR in patients with low BMI and a long duration of diabetes is helpful to improve the effectiveness of their care.

Citations

Citations to this article as recorded by

Relationships between Thigh and Waist Circumference, Hemoglobin Glycation Index, and Carotid Plaque in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes
Myung Ki Yoon, Jun Goo Kang, Seong Jin Lee, Sung-Hee Ihm, Kap Bum Huh, Chul Sik Kim
Endocrinology and Metabolism.2020; 35(2): 319. CrossRef
Reversal of Hypoglycemia Unawareness with a Single-donor, Marginal Dose Allogeneic Islet Transplantation in Korea: A Case Report
Hae Kyung Yang, Dong-Sik Ham, Heon-Seok Park, Marie Rhee, Young Hye You, Min Jung Kim, Ji-Won Kim, Seung-Hwan Lee, Tae Ho Hong, Byung Gil Choi, Jae Hyoung Cho, Kun-Ho Yoon
Journal of Korean Medical Science.2015; 30(7): 991. CrossRef

Effect of Valsartan on Blood Pressure and Urinary Albumin Excretion in Hypertensive Type 2 Diabetic Patients: An Open-Label, Multicenter Study.: Se Jun Park, Dae Jung Kim, Hae Jin Kim, Soo Yeon Park, Ji A Seo, Nan Hee Kim, Sung Hee Choi, Soo Lim, Hak Chul Jang, Seung Hyun Ko, Ki Ho Song, Yu Bae Ahn, Soo Kyoung Kim, Yong Wook Cho, Jun Goo Kang, Sung Hee Ihm, Cheol Young Park, Sung Woo Park, Dong Hyun Shin, Yong Hyun Kim, Kwan Woo Lee; Korean Diabetes J. 2008;32(6):513-521. Published online December 1, 2008; DOI: https://doi.org/10.4093/kdj.2008.32.6.513

2,494 View
36 Download

Abstract PDF: BACKGROUND
Activation of renin-angiotensin system (RAS) has been an important mechanism of microvascular and macrovascular complications in diabetic patients. It has been reported that RAS blockades reduce the development and progression of diabetic nephropathy. The aim of this study was to evaluate whether valsartan, an angiotensin II receptor blocker (ARB), reduced blood pressure and urinary albumin excretion rate (UAER) in hypertensive type 2 diabetic patients. METHOD: Three hundred forty-seven hypertensive type 2 diabetic patients who had not taken angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitors or ARB for 6 months prior to this study were enrolled. We measured blood pressure and UAER before and after 24 weeks of valsartan treatment. RESULT: Baseline mean systolic and diastolic blood pressure was 143 +/- 15 and 87 +/- 11 mmHg, respectively and the median albumin excretion rate was 27 ug/mg. Reduction in systolic and diastolic blood pressure was 16 mmHg/10 mmHg and the median UAER was 19.3 ug/mg after 24 weeks (P < 0.01, respectively). When we divided the subjects into three groups according to the UAER (normoalbuminuria, microalbuminuria and macroalbuminuria), significant changes were reported in the microalbuminuria and the macroalbuminuria groups. Thirty-eight (42%) patients with microalbuminuria improved to normoalbuminuria and twelve (41%) patients with macroalbuminuria improved to microalbuminuria. We found an association between the improvement of blood pressure and UAER (R = 0.165, P = 0.015). CONCLUSION: We concluded that valsartan reduces urinary albumin excretion and blood pressure in hypertensive type 2 diabetic patients.

Differentiation of Pancreatic beta Cells from Human Pancreatic Duct Cells Derived from a Partial Pancreas Tissue.: Ki Ho Song, Myung Mee Kim, Min Kyung Lee, Gyeong Ryul Ryu, Seung Hyun Ko, Sung Dae Moon, Yu Bae Ahn, Kun Ho Yoon, Bong Yun Cha, Kwang Woo Lee, Ho Young Son, Sung Koo Kang, Hyung Min Chin; Korean Diabetes J. 2007;31(3):236-242. Published online May 1, 2007; DOI: https://doi.org/10.4093/jkda.2007.31.3.236

2,207 View
24 Download
1 Crossref

Abstract PDF

BACKGROUND
Despite a recent breakthrough in human islet transplantation for treating diabetes mellitus, the limited availability of insulin-producing tissue is still a major obstacle. This has led to a search for alternative sources of transplantable insulin-producing cells including pancreatic duct cells. We aimed to establish in vitro culture of pancreatic duct cells from a partial pancreas tissue in human, which could be harnessed to differentiate into pancreatic beta cells. METHODS: We isolated pancreatic duct cells from small pieces of pancreas tissue (1~3 g) derived from non-diabetic humans (n = 8) undergoing pancreatic surgery due to cancer. Pancreas tissue was finely minced after injection of collagenase P into the parenchyma. The mince was incubated in a shaking water bath at 37degrees C for 25 min and passed through a 150 micrometer mesh. The released cells were recovered, washed, and plated in a dish containing CMRL culture medium with serum. RESULTS: Isolated pancreatic cells grew in monolayer and became confluent in 1~2 wks showing typical epithelial cobblestone morphology. Immunochemistry demonstrated that ~90% of the cultured cells were cytokeratin7-positive duct cells. To induce beta cell differentiation, the cells were incubated in DMEM/F12 culture medium without serum. In addition, treatment with Matrigel overlay, exendin-4, cholera toxin or forskolin was done. Though beta cell differentiation was found by immunostaining and RT-PCR, the differentiation efficiency was very low. Over-expression of neurogenin-3 by recombinant adenovirus did not increase beta cell differentiation of the cultured duct cells significantly. CONCLUSION: We established in vitro culture of pancreatic duct cells from a partial pancreas tissue in human, which differentiate into pancreatic cells. However, a strategy to optimize beta cell differentiation in this model is needed.

Citations

Citations to this article as recorded by

Transdifferentiation of Enteroendocrine K-cells into Insulin-expressing Cells
Esder Lee, Jun Mo Yu, Min Kyung Lee, Gyeong Ryul Ryu, Seung-Hyun Ko, Yu-Bae Ahn, Sung-Dae Moon, Ki-Ho Song
Korean Diabetes Journal.2009; 33(6): 475. CrossRef

Relative Hyperglucagonemia and Its Related Factors in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes.: Kang Hyun Choi, Ki Ho Song, Sang Hoon Lee, Seong Hoon Chung, Eun Jung Kim, Seung Hyun Ko, Hyuk Sang Kwon, Yu Bae Ahn, Kun Ho Yoon, Bong Yun Cha, Kwang Woo Lee, Ho Young Son, Sung Koo Kang; Korean Diabetes J. 2004;28(4):338-345. Published online August 1, 2004

1,376 View
20 Download

Abstract PDF: BACKGROUND
Excessive secretion of glucagon contributes to metabolic disturbance in type 2 diabetes. A hyperglucagonemic state is likely to be involved in increased hepatic glucose output resulting from both gluconeogenesis and glycogenolysis. The mechanism of hyperglucagonemia, though still unclear, is explained, in part, by the decreased sensitivity of cells to insulin or glucose and disturbances of the normal oscillatory secretory pattern of insulin. The aim of the study was to determine the extent of glucagon excess and its related factors in Korean patients with type 2 diabetes. METHODS: The subjects of this study were 21 controls and 102 type 2 diabetic patients. The blood glucose, glucagon and insulin concentrations were measured at 0, 30, 60, 90 and 120 min after ingestion of 75 g of glucose, and the areas under the curve (AUC) calculated. RESULTS: The AUC of plasma glucose (AUCgc) was significantly higher in the type 2 diabetic patients than in the controls (2,026.1585.8 vs. 854.8190.3 mmol/min, P<0.01), but there was no difference in the AUC of plasma glucagon (AUCgn) between the two groups. The AUCgn in the type 2 diabetic patients was positively correlated with the duration of diabetes (r=0.202, P<0.05) or HbA1c (r=0.208, P<0.05). The AUC of serum insulin (AUCin) was negatively correlated with the duration of diabetes (r=-0.291, P<001). AUCgn, AUCgc and HbA1c in long-term diabetic patients (duration of diabetes 10 years, n=32) were significantly higher compared with recently diagnosed patients (duration of diabetes <1 year, n=38) (11,362.35,981.9 vs. 9,097. 22,990.4 ng/min; 2,119.9519.0 vs. 1,832.2477.6 mmol/min; 9.52.0 vs. 8.32.1%, P<0.05). In addition, the AUCin and insulinogenic index in long-term patients were significantly lower compared with recently diagnosed patients. (Eds note: the highlighted figures are confusing, due to your various uses of commas and period marks, olease clarify?) CONCLUSIONS: Our results suggest that duration of diabetes and poor glycemic control might be closely associated with relative hyperglucagonemia in Korean type 2 diabetic paticnts.

A Case of MELAS(Mitochondrial Encephalomyopathy, Lactic Acidosis, Stroke-like Episodes) Syndrome Manifested by Diabetic Ketoacidosis.: Sung Hoon Jung, Eun Jung Kim, So Hi Im, Kang Ju, Kang hyun Choi, Seung Hyun Ko, Yu Bae Ahn, Ki Ho Song, Ho Young Son, Sung Kyung Park, Jeong Su Jun; Korean Diabetes J. 2004;28(3):231-237. Published online June 1, 2004

1,560 View
29 Download

Abstract PDF: MELAS(mitochondrial encephalomyopathy, lactic acidosis, stroke-like episodes) syndrome is a rare cause of mitochondrial encephalomyopathy, with variable clinical features, such as encephalomyopathy, lactic acidosis, stroke, diabetes, short stature, sensorineural hearing loss and basal ganglia calci-fication, etc. It can be confirmed by molecular genetic analysis that reveals the mitochondrial A3243G point mutation. Among the clinical manifestations in MELAS syndrome, diabetes mellitus is associated with impaired insulin secretion and often misdiagnosed type 1 diabetes. Herein, a rare case for the MELAS syndrome, with diabetes mellitus that came from ketoacidosis, is introduced. A 21-year-old woman, carried to the emergency department had a stuporous mentality. She was thin(BMI 16.1kg/m(2)), and had difficulty with her hearing capacity. According to the initial laboratory results, she showed the metabolic acidosis, hyperglycemia, ketonemia, and ketonuria. She was diagnosed as diabetic ketoacidosis and treated with insulin and hydration. Brain imaging from MRI, and a CT scan showed basal ganglia calcification, hemorrhagic infarction and diffuse brain atrophy. The markers for beta-cell autoimmunity were negative. Her electromyography suggested proximal myopathy. In addition, a molecular genetic analysis identified A3243G point mutation in the peripheral blood leukocytes from her, her mother and her sister.

Human Islet Transplantation.: Yu Bae Ahn; Korean Diabetes J. 2004;28(1):1-8. Published online February 1, 2004

747 View
18 Download

Abstract PDF: No abstract available.

The Effect of Long-term Treatment of Ramipril on Glucose Tolerance and Pancreatic Islets in Type 2 Diabetes Animal Model (OLETF Rats).: Seung Hyun Ko, Kun Ho Yoon, Myung Mi Kim, Yu Bae Ahn, Ki Ho Song, Soon Jib Yoo, Hyun Shik Son, Bong Yun Cha, Kwang Woo Lee, Ho Young Son, Sung Koo Kang; Korean Diabetes J. 2001;25(6):469-482. Published online December 1, 2001

1,025 View
28 Download

Abstract PDF: BACKGROUND
In a Heart Outcomes Prevention Evaluation HOPE study, ramipril, a long- acting angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitor, significantly reduced the death rates the number of myocardial infarctions, strokes, heart failure as well as the risk of complications related to diabetes and of diabetes itself. However, it is known that ACE inhibitors improve glucose tolerance or insulin sensitivity or reduce the incidence of diabetes. METHODS: 24 week-old OLETF (Otsuka Long Evans Tokushima Fatty) rats weighing 400~450 g were used in this study. 4 groups of rats were examined in parallel for 40 weeks. The OLETF rats were randomized for treatment with an aqueous solution of ramipril ( 5mg/Kg) daily [OL (RMP), n=10)] and with saline [OL(CON), n=10)]. The LETO rats were also randomized in the same was as the OLETF rats (LT (RMP), n=10, LT (CON), n=10). The blood glucose level, body weight, systolic and diastolic blood pressure was assessed every month. At 3 and 6 months, the 24hrs urinary protein concentration was measured, and as insulin tolerance test and oral glucose tolerance test were conducted in all experimental groups. After 6 months, the body weight was matched for 2 months in each corresponding group. Subsequently, a 15% sucrose loading was done for 2 months. After the glucose tolerance test, the pancreas was excised and immunohistochemical staining was conducted for insulin to quantify the beta cell mass by a point-counting method. In addition, the islet morphology was evaluated in the pancreas. RESULTS: Ramipril treatment for a period of 6 months improved the 2hr blood glucose level, the area under the glucose curve in the oral glucose tolerance test, insulin sensitivity in addition to lowering significantly systolic and diastolic blood pressure and 24hrs urinary protein level significantly in OLETF rats. Of note, a lower weight gain was observed in both the ramipril-treated animals at 6 months. After weight matching, the AUCg and 2hr blood glucose level values were similar between the corresponding groups, but a 15% sucrose loading worsened the AUCg value. Histologically, the islets were less disorganized and the extent of fibrosis was lower in the ramipril- treated OLETF rats in the trichrome stain. CONCLUSION: Long-term treatment of ramipril, a long acting angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor may be useful for suppressing weight gain and proteinuria in addition to having aprotective effect on the islet to harmful stimuli such as hyperglycemia.

Relationship Between Intimal-Medial Thickness (IMT) of the Carotid Artery and Atherosclerotic Risk Factors in Patients with type 2 Diabets Mellitus.: Yu Bae Ahn, So Lyung Jung, Seung Hyun Ko, Ki Ho Song, Hyun Shik Son, Kun Ho Yoon, Moo Il Kang, Bong Yun Cha, Kwang Woo Lee, Ho Young Son, Sung Koo Kang; Korean Diabetes J. 2001;25(2):142-151. Published online April 1, 2001

1,098 View
20 Download

Abstract PDF: BACKGROUND
Diabetes mellitus is a major independent risk factor for atherosclerosis. In recent years non-invasive high resolution B-mode ultrasound methods have been developed to measure the IMT (intima-media thickness) of the carotid artery as an index for early atherosclerosis. The aims of this study were to measure IMT in type 2 diabetic patients, to investigate the relation of various cardiovascular risk factors to IMT, and to evaluate the difference in IMT according to presence of diabetic complication. METHODS: IMT was measured by ultrasound B-mode imaging in 300 subjects with type 2 diabetes mellitus (131 male, 169 female adults aged 53.4+/-9.5 years, duration of diabetes 7.4+/-6.3 years). All subjects underwent coronary artery disease (CAD) risk factors assessment and the presence of diabetic complications were evaluated. RESULT: There were positive correlations between IMT and age, duration of diabetes, LDL-C, systolic blood pressure and Lp (a) level. Multiple linear regression analysis demonstrated that in type 2 diabetic patients, the variables that interact independently with IMT were age, systolic blood pressure, levels of total cholesterol, HDL cholesterol and sex. IMT was significantly increased in type 2 diabetic patients with macrovascular complication regardless of presence of microvascular complication. But there was no significant difference in IMT according to Lp (a) level, presence of microalbuminuria, mode of treatment and glycemic control. CONCLUSION: The Intima-Media thickness of patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus was associated with age, systolic blood pressure, levels of total cholesterol, HDL-C and sex.

The Changes of Beta Cell Mass and Islet Morphology in OLETF (Otsuka Long Evans Tokushima Fatty) Rats After Partial Pancreatectomy .: Seung Hyun Ko, Kun Ho Yoon, Sun Hee Suh, Yu Bae Ahn, Soon Jib Yoo, Ki Ho Song, Hyun Shik Son, Moo Il Kang, Bong Yun Cha, Kwang Woo Lee, Ho Young Son, Sung Koo Kang; Korean Diabetes J. 2001;25(1):50-62. Published online February 1, 2001

1,042 View
19 Download

Abstract PDF: BACKGROUND
Insulin resistance and incomplete beta cell compensation play a major role for development of type 2 diabetes. When insulin resistance were induced by any cause, appropriate beta-cell proliferation is a key factor for maintaining the normal glucose metabolism. Compensatory beta-cell proliferation for adapting to increased insulin resistance might be achieved by neogenesis of beta-cell from duct cells, replication of preexisting beta-cells and also inhibition of beta-cell apoptosis. Previously incomplete beta-cell compensation was observed in OLETF rat, animal model of type 2 diabetes, after partial pancreatectomy, but there were no reports about the underlying pathogenesis. Therefore, this study was designed to study on the mechanism of incomplete beta-cell compensation in OLETF rat after partial pancreatectomy especially focus on beta-cell proliferation. METHODS: 12 week-old OLETF (Otsuka Long Evans Tokushima Fatty) rats weighing 280-320 g were used. 80% partial pancreatectomy was done. Experimental animals were divided into the 4 subgroups by date of killing after surgery: 0, 3, 90 days. After glucose tolerance test, pancreas remnant was excised and immunohistochemical staining was done for insulin to quantify the beta cell mass by point-counting method and also observed the amount of fibrosis of the islets after Masson's trichrome staining of the pancreas. RESULTS: We observed that impaired glucose tolerance or diabetes were developed after 80% pancreatectomy. We observed rapidly proliferating duct cells in the adjacent area of common pancreatic duct and main duct even up to 90 days after partial pancreatectomy. In OLETF rats, beta cell mass was not increased enough compared to LETO rats and some destructive features of islet architectures were noted at 90 days after pancreatectomy. CONCLUSION: The changes of beta cell mass seems to be a dynamic process adjusting to metabolic demand. Severe hyperglycemia and islet disorganization were apparent in OLETF rats despite of existence of beta cell regeneration and renewal process. So it seemed that hyperglycemia accelerated aging process or senescence of beta cells in OLETF rats.

Effect of Overexpression of Gi Proteins on Insulin Actions in 3T3-L1 Adipocytes.: Hyun Shik Son, Bong Yun Cha, Sung Dae Moon, Jung Min Lee, Ok Ki Hong, Sang Ah Chang, Yu Bae Ahn, Kun Ho Yoon, Kwang Woo Lee, Ho Young Son, Sung Koo Kang; Korean Diabetes J. 2000;24(4):404-412. Published online January 1, 2001

1,129 View
17 Download

Abstract PDF: BACKGROUND
It has been reported that G proteins are involved in biological actions of insulin. Especially, Gi protein is more associated with insulin actions than Gs proteins. Gi protein has at least three different subtypes of Gi 1, Gi 2 and Gi 3 protein. However, it is not certain which subtypes of Gi proteins are associated with biological actions of insulin. METHODS: To investigate which subtypes of Gi proteins are associated with insulin action, we overexpressed three different kinds of Gi protein, Gi 1, Gi 2 and Gi 3 protein, in 3T3-L1 adipocytes using DNA-polylysine-adenovirus complex transfection method. After incubating for 2 hours, 3T3-L1 adipocytes were treated with 100 nM insulin for the evaluation of biological actions of insulin. Moreover, to elucidate insulin stimulated insulin receptor autophosphorylation and IRS-1 phosphorylation, 3T3-L1 adipocytes were stimulated with 100 nM insulin for 10 minutes, homogenized and immunoprecipitated with anti-phosphotyrosine antibody. RESULTS: Transfection with Gi 2 gene resulted in increment in insulin-stimulated [3H]2-deoxyglucose (DOG) uptake without affecting basal 2-DOG uptake, but not with Gi 1 and Gi 3 gene transfection. There was unchanged glycogen synthesis rate in all three Gialphasubtypes. Insulin-induced increments of insulin receptor autophos phorylation and IRS-1 phosphorylation were found in Gi 2 protein overexpressed group, only. CONCLUSION: These results suggest that Gi 2 protein may be associated with regulation of biological actions of insulin.

Expression of Gal alpha1,3 Gal Antigen and Galactosyl Transferase mRNA in Porcine Neonatal Pancreatic Tissue.: Kyong Soo Park, Yoon Young Kim, Jeong Mi Kim, Yu Bae Ahn, Kun Ho Yoon, Bong Yun Cha, Ho Young Son, Hong Kyu Lee; Korean Diabetes J. 2000;24(3):323-330. Published online January 1, 2001

1,043 View
19 Download

Abstract PDF: BACKGROUND
Neonatal porcine pancreatic tissue may be a potential source of islet transplantation in patients with type 1 diabetes. Gal 1,3 Gal antigen (Gal epitope) is a xenoantigen which is responsible for hyperacute xenograft rejection. The aim of this study is to evaluate the expression of Gal epitope and galactosyl transferase mRNA in porcine neonatal pancreatic tissue. METHOD: Porcine neonatal pancreatic cell clusters (NPCCs) were isolated using collagenase and incubated in various culture condition. They were stained with Gal specific lectin for the detection of Gal epitope. Expression of 1,3 galactosyl transferase mRNA was assessed by semiquantitative RT-PCR. RESULTS: Gal epitope was expressed in both neonatal porcine pancreas and cell clusters. Most of Gal epitope expressed cells were endothelial cells and ductal epithelial cells. A small number of cells stained positive for insulin were also positive for Gal epitope. In some area of monolayer culture of porcine neonatal islet cluster, scattered insulin positive cells coexpressed the Gal epitope. The expression of 1,3 galactosyl transferase mRNA were lower in islet than other tissues. Culture using extracelluar matrix or 3D gel increased the expression of 1,3 galactosyl transferase mRNA levels. CONCLUSION: Gal epitope was expressed in ductal epithelial cells and some of beta cells of porcine neonatal pancreatic tissue. Expression of Gal epitope in porcine neonatal pancreatic cell cluster may be a problem that needs to be solved before porcine NPCCs can be used in human.

In Vitro Expansion and Differentiation of Islet Precursor Cells from Cultured Neonatal Porcine Pancreatic Tissue.: Yu Bae Ahn, Kun Ho Yoon, Sun Hee Seo, Seung Hyun Ko, Ki Ho Song, Je Ho Han, Soon Jip Yoo, Hyun Sik Son, Moo Il Kang, Bong Yun Cha, Kwang Woo Lee, Ho Young Son, Sung Koo Kang; Korean Diabetes J. 2000;24(3):310-322. Published online January 1, 2001

1,030 View
18 Download

Abstract PDF: BACKGROUND
Neonatal porcine pancreas is an attractive alternative source for islet transplantation because of its growth potential and availability. Porcine neonatal pancreatic cell clusters (NPCCs) consist mainly of protodifferentiated cells expressing both the duct cell marker pancytokeratin and islet hormones. In this study, we investigated to expand and mature the pancreas duct cells contained in porcine NPCCs with extracellular matrix. METHODS: For NPCCs, pancreas obtained from neonatal pigs were minced, digested with collagenase and cultured overnight. Then NPCCs were further dispersed to small cell groups and cultured on HTB-9 extracellular matrix: the tissue attached and formed monolayer patches. At the 3rd and 8th days, tissue was fixed, immunostained for pancytokeratin (panCK), vimentin (VT) and islet hormones. RESULTS: During 5 days culture, the total cell numbers increased 3.2 fold on the matrix, and 1.6 fold on the sticky dish, respectively. Insulin positive cells (Ins+) were 6.0% of total cells at day 3 and increased 1.6 fold in numbers at day 8. There was significant increase in DNA content of NPCCs in monolayers on both sticky dishes and HTB-9 matrix. In contrast, insulin content of both groups decreased during culture periods. Until 8 days of culture after dispersion of porcine NPCC, most duct cells costained with panCK and VT. CONCLUSION: We observed NPCCs were composed of many of duct cells which were known to be endocrine precursor cells and monolayer culture of NPCC withextracellular matrix resulted in the proliferation and differentiation of pancreatic duct cells.

Effect of Hyperglycemia on Internalization of Insulin-receptor Complexes in Human Umbilical Vein Endothelial Cells.: Ki Ho Song, Yu Bae Ahn, Je Ho Han, Soon Jip Yoo, Kun Ho Yoon, Moo Il Kang, Bong Yun Cha, Kwang Woo Lee, Ho Young Son, Sung Koo Kang; Korean Diabetes J. 1999;23(2):131-141. Published online January 1, 2001

1,150 View
24 Download

Abstract PDF: BACKGROUND
It is well known that hyperglycemia activates protein kinase C (PKC) in vascular endothelial cells. However, the effect of hyperglycemia on internalization and recycling of insulin receptors by insulin in endothelial cells has not been examined thus far. METHODS: Human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) were isolated from healthy, pregnant women. Confluent HUVECs were incubated in a culture media containing either 5 (NG group) or 25 mM glucose (HG group) for 4 days. Then, we measured the insulin binding, internalization and recycling of the insulin receptor and release of internalized insulin into the media. RESULTS: There was no difference in binding of 0.17 nM 125I-insulin between the two groups. However, the amount of internalized 125I-insulin, determined by the aeid washing method, was significantly greater in the HG group compared to the NG group. The addition of 10 pM 1-(5-isoquino-linesulfonyl)-2-methyl-piperazine (H7), a PKC inhibitor, to the HG group prevented the increase of internalization in 125I-insulin. In addition, preincubation with unlabeled insulin resulted in a decrease of 125I-insulin binding to a greater extent in the HG group compared with the NG group, indicating that high glucose levels increased internalizntion of insulin receptors. The high glucose-induced increase in internalization of insulin receptors was prevented by an addition of H7. Recycling of insulin receptors to the cell surface was not affected by high glucose. Internalized 125I-insulin released into media with time. The released amount of I-insulin in the HC group tended to be greater compared to the NG group. CONCLUSION: These results suggest that hyperglycemia may increase internalization of the insulin-receptor complexes in vascular endothelial cells through PKC activation.

The Effect of Metformin Monotherapy in Patients with NIDDM.: Yu Bae Ahn, Sung Dae Moon, Sang Ah Jang, Jong Min Lee, Hyun Shik Son, Kun Ho Yoon, Moo Il Kang, Bong Yun Cha, Kwang Woo Lee, Ho Young Son, Sung Koo Kang; Korean Diabetes J. 1997;21(2):185-193. Published online January 1, 2001

1,188 View
25 Download

Abstract PDF: BACKGROUND
We performed this study to investigate the effect of metformin on glycemia, insulin secretion and body weight in patients with non-insulin-dependent diabetes melltus(NIDDM) who could not aehieve satisfactory glycemic control by sulfonylurea or diet therapy. METHODS: A total of 167 patients with NIDDM were included in this study. At baseline the patients underwent anthropometry and a 75g oral glucose tolerance test. Jn addition, levels of hemoglobin Alc (HbAlc), setum lipids, fasting and postprandial 2hr glucose were measured. Metformin was given in an initial dose of 500mg twice daily and increased by 500mg every month as long as the fasting blood sugar(FBS) concentration exceeded 7.8mmol/L and the side effects were tolerable. After 3 rnonths of metformin therapy we defined a responder as a patient who experienced a FBS of under 7.8 mmol/L or a HbAlc of under 7%. Patients who failed to respond to metformin monotherapy were excluded in the study. Anthrapometric changes and results of a 75 g oral glucose tolerance test were reevaluated in the responder group after 6 months of metformin treatment. RESULTS: I) The overall response rate to metformin mono-therapy was 55.6%(79/142) in the study population. 2) There were significant changes in body weight (64.4+/-8.2 vs 62.9+/-8.4 kg, p(0.01) and body mass index(25.3+/-2.3 vs 24.6+/-2.3kg/m, p<0.01) during metformin treatment. 3) There were significant decreases in the fasting, postprandial 2hr serum glucose(10.1+/-2.8 vs 7.9+1.6, 15,2+/-5.0 vs 12.2+/-3.9 mmol/L, p 0.01) and HbAlc levels(8.4+/-1.7 vs 6.5+/-0.9%, p<0.05) after 6 months of metformin treatment. 4) There were significant decreases in the levels of AUC[g](59.2+/-15.5 vs 49.4+/-9.4mmol L-1. Min-1, p =C0.01) without changes of AUC[I] and AUC[I]/ AUC[g] ratio (558.0+486.0 vs 536.4+374.4 pmol.L-1. Min-1, p=0.71, 11.7+/-13.0 vs 11.8+/-10.0, p=0.89). 5) The incidence of side effects was 25% in the study population, but most of them were mild and fade away with continuous use of metformin, CONCLUSION: Metforrnin monotherapy improved glycemic control in NlDDM patients who failed to respond to diet or sulfonylurea therapy and may be a useful hypoglycemic agent for the treatment of NIBDM.

Author index