- Insulin Secretory Dysfunction in the Pathogenesis of Type 2 Diabetes in Koreans: A Minimal Model Analysis.
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Sung Hoon Kim, Dong Jun Kim, Byung Wan Lee, In Ah Seo, Jae Hoon Chung, Young Ki Min, Myung Shik Lee, Kwang Won Kim, Moon Kyu Lee
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Korean Diabetes J. 2003;27(5):414-419. Published online October 1, 2003
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- BACKGROUND
Type 2 diabetes is a complex, heterogeneous disorder, characterized by impairments in both insulin secretion and insulin action. This study was done to examine the significance of alterations in insulin sensitivity and beta-cell function in the pathogenesis of type 2 diabetes in Korean subjects with varying degrees of glucose intolerance. METHODS: Forty Korean subjects were studied, 12 with normal glucose tolerance (NGT), 14 with impaired glucose tolerance (IGT) and 14 with type 2 diabetes. An oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) was performed on each subject. Insulin sensitivity (SI), glucose effectiveness (Sg), acute insulin response after intravenous glucose (AIRg) and the disposition index (DI= SI x AIRg) were measured by the insulin-modified, frequently sampled intravenous glucose tolerance test (FSIGT). RESULTS: Neither fasting serum insulin level nor SI was significantly different among the NGT, lGT and diabetes groups. Sg was significantly lower in the type 2 diabetes group than in the NGT group. The mean AIRg was blunted in the IGT and diabetes groups when compared with the NGT group. DI was more powerful in differentiating between NGT and IGT, compared to AIRg alone. CONCLUSION: These findings suggest that a defect in the compensatory insulin secretion might be more important than insulin resistance in the development of type 2 diabetes in Korean subjects.
- The Effect of Step-wised, Controlled Cooling Method for Islet Cryopreservation on the in vivo and in vitro Islet Function.
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In Kyung Jeong, Seung Hoon Oh, Byung Joon Kim, Tae Young Yang, Byung Wan Lee, Chang Young Ha, Jung Hyung Noh, Jae Hoon Chung, Young Ki Min, Myung Shik Lee, Moon Kyu Lee, Kwang Won Kim
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Korean Diabetes J. 2002;26(1):65-74. Published online February 1, 2002
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Abstract
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- BACKGROUND
Although islet transplantation has been attempted to reverse the state of diabetes, achieving a critical number of islets and modulating the immune response limit the success ofl islet transplantation. Cryo-preservation of islets offers many important benefits for islet transplantation by collecting islets with a wide variety of HLA phenotypes and islet MHC expression. The aims of this study was to determine the optimal conditions for cryo-preservation by using a controlled cooling method and to evaluate in vitro and in vivo functional properties of the cryo-preserved islets. METHODS: Collagenase-isolated, Ficoll-purified islets were cultured for 48 hours. They were aliquoted into freezing tubes (1000 islets per tube), equilibrated with 2 M dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) in three steps, supercooled, nucleated, and controll- cooled at rate of 0.25 degrees C/min to - 40 degrees C prior to storage at - 196 degrees C. Rapid thawing and removal of DMSO with 0.75 M sucrose preceded 48 hour of culture and the morphology, viability, glucose-induced insulin secretion, and in vivo function of rats transplanted with cryopreserved islets was reexamined. RESULTS: 1) Recovery was 90.2+/-0.2%, 85.7+/-0.1% and 81.7+/-0.1% immediately after, 24 hours and 72 hours after thawing respectively. The viability was 60+/-5%, 80+/-5%, 90+/-5% immediately after, 24 hours and 72 hours after thawing respectively. 2) The glucose-stimulated-insulin secretion (GSIS) tended to decrease immediately after thawing, but GSIS increased to the level of pre-cryopreservation 72 hours after thawing. 3) The in dynamic GSIS, the first and the second phase of insulin secretion were well preserved in islets cultured for 72 hours after thawing. 4) The cryopreserved islets were cultured for 3 days and transplanted into renal sub-capsular space of streptozotocin (STZ) induced diabetic rats. The duration of normoglycemia in the STZ-induced diabetic rats transplanted with cryopreserved islets was significantly longer than that of the fresh islets. CONCLUSION: The optimal condition of cryopreservation using the controlled cooling method was established in rat pancreatic islets. This cryopreservation method can be a feasible approach for human islet transplantation.
- The Appropriteness of New ADA Diagnostin Criteria for Diabetes Mellitus in Korean Population.
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Moon kyu Lee, Myung Shik Lee, Young Ki Min, Sung Hoon Kim, Byoung Joon Kim, Dong Jun Kim, Jong Ryeal Hahm, Eun Young Oh, Yun Jae Chung, Kyoung Ah Kim, Jae Hoon Chung, Kwang Won Kim
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Korean Diabetes J. 1999;23(3):336-351. Published online January 1, 2001
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Abstract
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- BACKGROUND
The ADA has proposed a new diagnostic criteria for diabetes based on fasting plasma glucose, redefining diabetes as fasting plasma glucose 7.0 mmol/L. Since only a few studies for the appropriateness of tbis new ADA criteria were undertaken in the Korean population, we examined the appropriateness of the new ADA criteria by analyzing the results of oral glucose tolerance tests done in our hospital. METHODS: 507 oral glucose tolerance tests were conducted. Cases with diabetes and diseases that could affect the glucose tolerance were excluded. Plasma glucose was measured by the hexokinase method. Three groups of NGT, IGT, and DM by the WHO criteria of 2 hour-plasma glucose were redivided at each level of fasting plasma glucose. We calculated the sensitivity and specificity of each level of fasting plasma glucose (FPG), and the FPG value of maximum accuracy to diagnose diabetes with reference to the WHO criteria of 2 hour-plasma glucose. RESULTS: Correlation between the levels of fasting plasma glucose and 2 hour-plasma glucose was relatively low (r=0.676). FPG of 7.0 mmol/L for diagnosing diabetes was relatively specific (specificity=0.934), but not sensitive (sensitivity= 0.552). FPG value of maximum accuracy for diagnosing diabetes was 6.8 mmol/L. 39 % of IFG (> 6.1mmol/L and < 7.0mmol/L) was reclassified as diabetes by the criteria of 2 hour plasma glucose 11.1 mmol/L and 34 % of NFG (<6.1mmol/L) was reclassified as impaired glucose tolerance by the criteria of 2 hour plasma glucose > 7.8 mmol/L. CONCLUSION: The fasting plasma glucose of 7.0 mmol/L was relatively specific for diagnosing diabetes. However, the new ADA criteria tended to underestimate the prevalence of diabetes and impaired glucose tolerance in the Korean population. Therefore, oral glucose tolerance test may be needed to diagnose diabetes in high risk subjects. Large-scale cross-sectional and prospective studies will be needed to clarify these points.
- Increased membrane lipid peroxidation of erythrocytes in NIDDM.
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Hak Chul Jang, Young Ki Min, In Kwon Han, Hong Kyu Lee, Hun Ki Min
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Korean Diabetes J. 1992;16(4):309-316. Published online January 1, 2001
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- No abstract available.
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