Diabetes & Metabolism Journal

Soo Lim (Lim S)

10 Articles

The Combination of Fasting Plasma Glucose and Glycosylated Hemoglobin as a Predictor for Type 2 Diabetes in Korean Adults (Korean Diabetes J 33(4):306-314, 2009).: Soo Lim; Korean Diabetes J. 2009;33(5):448-450. Published online October 1, 2009; DOI: https://doi.org/10.4093/kdj.2009.33.5.448

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Effects of 'Ubiquitous Healthcare' on the Ability of Self-Management in Elderly Diabetic Patients.: Sung Hoon Yu, Sun Hee Kim, So Yeon Kim, Sung Hee Choi, Soo Lim, Yoon Seok Chang, Hak Jong Lee, Young Joo Park, Hak Chul Jang; Korean Diabetes J. 2009;33(1):58-64. Published online February 1, 2009; DOI: https://doi.org/10.4093/kdj.2009.33.1.58

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BACKGROUND
The need for a new healthcare system is growing due to the paradigm shift from health supervision to health maintenance. Previously, we performed a pilot study that examined the effectiveness of a ubiquitous healthcare (U-healthcare) diabetes management program which consists of self-monitoring of blood glucose (SMBG) and mobile phone services for elderly patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. In this study, we investigated the effect of a diabetes management program using U-healthcare based on the self-care skills of elderly patients with diabetes mellitus. METHODS: From July to October 2005, 17 patients were recruited and provided with a blood glucometer with the ZigBee module and a mobile phone. In addition, the patients' understanding of diabetes self-care skills was examined at the beginning and end of the study. At the end of the study, we determined the level of patient satisfaction regarding U-healthcare services. RESULTS: The patients' test scores on their understanding of diabetes mellitus improved from 57.2 +/- 20.7 to 72.7 +/- 13.4%. Specifically, patient knowledge of the basic principles for a proper diabetic diet (52.9% vs. 82.4%, P = 0.046), foods that influence blood sugar level (41.2% vs. 76.5%, P = 0.007) and the influence of beverage choice (41.2% vs. 64.7%, P = 0.007), all increased. In addition, a significant increase in knowledge of living standards regarding diabetes mellitus was observed (64.7% vs. 88.2%, P = 0.0032). CONCLUSION: We conclude that the U-healthcare incorporating SMBG could be promising, as it improves self-management skills of diabetes mellitus patients, as well as their understanding of the disease.

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Ubiquitous Healthcare Service Has the Persistent Benefit on Glycemic Control and Body Weight in Older Adults With Diabetes
Seon Mee Kang, Min Joo Kim, Hwa Young Ahn, Ji Won Yoon, Min Kyong Moon, Hye Seung Jung, Sung Hee Choi, Soo Lim, Kyong Soo Park, Hak C. Jang
Diabetes Care.2012; 35(3): e19. CrossRef
Improved Glycemic Control Without Hypoglycemia in Elderly Diabetic Patients Using the Ubiquitous Healthcare Service, a New Medical Information System
Soo Lim, Seon Mee Kang, Hayley Shin, Hak Jong Lee, Ji Won Yoon, Sung Hoon Yu, So-Youn Kim, Soo Young Yoo, Hye Seung Jung, Kyong Soo Park, Jun Oh Ryu, Hak C. Jang
Diabetes Care.2011; 34(2): 308. CrossRef
A Survey on Ubiquitous Healthcare Service Demand among Diabetic Patients
Soo Lim, So-Youn Kim, Jung Im Kim, Min Kyung Kwon, Sei Jin Min, Soo Young Yoo, Seon Mee Kang, Hong Il Kim, Hye Seung Jung, Kyong Soo Park, Jun Oh Ryu, Hayley Shin, Hak Chul Jang
Diabetes & Metabolism Journal.2011; 35(1): 50. CrossRef

A Nationwide Survey about the Current Status of Glycemic Control and Complications in Diabetic Patients in 2006: The Committee of the Korean Diabetes Association on the Epidemiology of Diabetes Mellitus.: Soo Lim, Dae Jung Kim, In Kyung Jeong, Hyun Shik Son, Choon Hee Chung, Gwanpyo Koh, Dae Ho Lee, Kyu Chang Won, Jeong Hyun Park, Tae Sun Park, Jihyun Ahn, Jaetaek Kim, Keun Gyu Park, Seung Hyun Ko, Yu Bae Ahn, Inkyu Lee; Korean Diabetes J. 2009;33(1):48-57. Published online February 1, 2009; DOI: https://doi.org/10.4093/kdj.2009.33.1.48

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Abstract PDF

BACKGROUND
The Committee of the Korean Diabetes Association on the Epidemiology of Diabetes Mellitus performed a nationwide survey about the current status of glycemic control and diabetic complications in 2006. METHODS: The current study included 5,652 diabetic patients recruited from the rosters of endocrinology clinics of 13 tertiary hospitals in Korea. Age, gender, height, weight, waist circumference and blood pressure were investigated by standard method. Fasting and postprandial 2 hour glucose, glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c), lipid profiles, fasting insulin and c-peptide levels were measured. Microvascular (microalbuminuria, retinopathy and neuropathy) and macrovascular (coronary artery disease [CAD], cerebrovascular disease [CVD] and peripheral artery disease [PAD]) complications were reviewed in their medical records. RESULTS: Mean age of total subjects was 58.7 (+/- 11.6) years and duration of diabetes was 8.8 (0~50) years. Mean fasting and postprandial 2 hour glucose levels were 145.9 +/- 55.0 and 208.0 +/- 84.4 mg/dL, respectively. Their mean HbA1c was 7.9 +/- 1.9%: the percentage of patients within target goal of glycemic control (< 7% of HbA1c) was 36.7%. In this study, 30.3%, 38.3% and 44.6% of patients was found to have microalbuminuria, retinopathy and nephropathy, respectively. Prevalence of CAD, CVD and PAD was 8.7%, 6.7% and 3.0%, respectively. Diabetic complications were closely related with age, duration of diabetes and glycemic control, and this relationship was stronger in microvascular complications than macrovascular ones. CONCLUSION: Only about one third of patients with diabetes was found to reach target glycemic control in tertiary hospitals of Korea. More tight control is needed to reduce deleterious complications of diabetes in Korea.

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The Effect of the Experience of Diabetes Education on Knowledge, Self-Care Behavior and Glycosylated Hemoglobin in Type 2 Diabetic Patients
Seung Hei Moon, Young Whee Lee, Ok-Kyung Ham, Soo-Hyun Kim
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Clinical Characteristics of Diabetic Patients Transferred to Korean Referral Hospitals
Min Young Oh, Sang Soo Kim, In Joo Kim, In Kyu Lee, Hong Sun Baek, Hyoung Woo Lee, Min Young Chung
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Prevalence of the Metabolic Syndrome in Type 2 Diabetic Patients.: Tae Ho Kim, Dae Jung Kim, Soo Lim, In Kyung Jeong, Hyun Shik Son, Choon Hee Chung, Gwanpyo Koh, Dae Ho Lee, Kyu Chang Won, Jeong Hyun Park, Tae Sun Park, Jihyun Ahn, Jaetaek Kim, Keun Gyu Park, Seung Hyun Ko, Yu Bae Ahn, Inkyu Lee; Korean Diabetes J. 2009;33(1):40-47. Published online February 1, 2009; DOI: https://doi.org/10.4093/kdj.2009.33.1.40

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Abstract PDF

BACKGROUND
The aim of this study was to analyze the prevalence of metabolic syndrome in Korean type 2 diabetic patients. METHODS: A total of 4,240 diabetic patients (male 2,033, female 2,207; mean age 58.7 +/- 11.3 years; DM duration 8.9 +/- 7.6 years) were selected from the data of endocrine clinics of 13 university hospitals in 2006. Metabolic syndrome was defined using the criteria of the American Heart Association/National Heart Lung and Blood Institute and the criteria of waist circumference from the Korean Society for the Study of Obesity. RESULTS: The prevalence of metabolic syndrome was 77.9% (76.7% of males, 78.9% of females). The average number of the components of metabolic syndrome was 2.4 +/- 1.1. Abdominal obesity was seen in 56.8% of the patients, hypertriglyceridemia in 42.0%, low HDL cholesterol in 65.1%, and high blood pressure in 74.9%. Abdominal obesity and high blood pressure were much more prevalent among females than males, and low HDL cholesterol was much more prevalent among males than females. The prevalence of metabolic syndrome was not different according to the duration of diabetes. Metabolic syndrome was strongly related with obesity (odds ratio, 6.3) and increased age (odds ratio in the over 70 group, 3.4). CONCLUSION: The prevalence of metabolic syndrome was 77.9% in Korean type 2 diabetic patients. Its prevalence was greater in obese patients and in those over 40 years of age.

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Metabolic Age, an Index Based on Basal Metabolic Rate, Can Predict Individuals That are High Risk of Developing Metabolic Syndrome
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Effect of Valsartan on Blood Pressure and Urinary Albumin Excretion in Hypertensive Type 2 Diabetic Patients: An Open-Label, Multicenter Study.: Se Jun Park, Dae Jung Kim, Hae Jin Kim, Soo Yeon Park, Ji A Seo, Nan Hee Kim, Sung Hee Choi, Soo Lim, Hak Chul Jang, Seung Hyun Ko, Ki Ho Song, Yu Bae Ahn, Soo Kyoung Kim, Yong Wook Cho, Jun Goo Kang, Sung Hee Ihm, Cheol Young Park, Sung Woo Park, Dong Hyun Shin, Yong Hyun Kim, Kwan Woo Lee; Korean Diabetes J. 2008;32(6):513-521. Published online December 1, 2008; DOI: https://doi.org/10.4093/kdj.2008.32.6.513

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Abstract PDF: BACKGROUND
Activation of renin-angiotensin system (RAS) has been an important mechanism of microvascular and macrovascular complications in diabetic patients. It has been reported that RAS blockades reduce the development and progression of diabetic nephropathy. The aim of this study was to evaluate whether valsartan, an angiotensin II receptor blocker (ARB), reduced blood pressure and urinary albumin excretion rate (UAER) in hypertensive type 2 diabetic patients. METHOD: Three hundred forty-seven hypertensive type 2 diabetic patients who had not taken angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitors or ARB for 6 months prior to this study were enrolled. We measured blood pressure and UAER before and after 24 weeks of valsartan treatment. RESULT: Baseline mean systolic and diastolic blood pressure was 143 +/- 15 and 87 +/- 11 mmHg, respectively and the median albumin excretion rate was 27 ug/mg. Reduction in systolic and diastolic blood pressure was 16 mmHg/10 mmHg and the median UAER was 19.3 ug/mg after 24 weeks (P < 0.01, respectively). When we divided the subjects into three groups according to the UAER (normoalbuminuria, microalbuminuria and macroalbuminuria), significant changes were reported in the microalbuminuria and the macroalbuminuria groups. Thirty-eight (42%) patients with microalbuminuria improved to normoalbuminuria and twelve (41%) patients with macroalbuminuria improved to microalbuminuria. We found an association between the improvement of blood pressure and UAER (R = 0.165, P = 0.015). CONCLUSION: We concluded that valsartan reduces urinary albumin excretion and blood pressure in hypertensive type 2 diabetic patients.

Relationship Between Serum Bilirubin Levels and Coronary Atherosclerosis in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes.: Soo Lim; Korean Diabetes J. 2008;32(5):462-463. Published online October 1, 2008; DOI: https://doi.org/10.4093/kdj.2008.32.5.462

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Abstract PDF: No abstract available.

Clinical Implication of Adiponectin.: Soo Lim, Hak Chul Jang; Korean Diabetes J. 2008;32(2):85-97. Published online April 1, 2008; DOI: https://doi.org/10.4093/kdj.2008.32.2.85

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Abstract PDF

Adipose tissue is now considered as an active hormone-secreting organ, which secretes a number of biologically active adipokines such as free fatty acids, leptin, tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNFalpha), interleukin-6, plasminogen activator inhibitor-1, adiponectin and retinol binding protein 4 (RBP4). Among these, adiponectin has attracted considerable attention as an adipokine that has important role in the development of type 2 diabetes, atherosclerosis and cardiovascular diseases. Adiponectin was discovered to be the most abundant adipose-specific transcript. Many epidemiological and clinical studies have demonstrated that serum levels of adiponectin are inversely associated with body weight, especially abdominal visceral fat accumulation. Studies among Japanese and Pima Indians have reported lower concentrations of adiponectin in patients with type 2 diabetes than in those with normal glucose tolerance. A low level of adiponectin was found to be a significant risk factor for the development of cardiovascular events in the Korean patients with type 2 diabetes. We recently published that exercise, having an insulin-sensitizing effect, could be a good therapy to prevent or delay diabetes and cardiovascular diseases in middle-aged women through the modification of adiponectin. These results suggest that the clinical implication of adiponectin. A number of studies have been conducted to clarify the biological role of adiponectin. Recent studies have showed that adiponectin has anti-inflammatory, anti-atherogenic, and glucose-lowering properties. Taken together, it is conceivable that adiponectin plays as a backbone of metabolic syndrome. Finally, pleiotropic functions of adiponectin may possibly serve to prevent and treat atherosclerosis, type 2 diabetes and cardiovascular diseases. Furthermore, enhancement of adiponectin secretion or action may be a good therapeutic target for preventing type 2 diabetes or cardiovascular diseases.

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Association between Apolipoprotein E Polymorphism and Type 2 Diabetes in Subjects Aged 65 or Over.: You Jin Lee, Hak Chul Jang, Eun Hye Kim, Hye Jin Kim, Seok Bum Lee, Sung Hee Choi, Soo Lim, Kyoung Un Park, Young Joo Park, Ki Woong Kim; Korean Diabetes J. 2008;32(1):30-37. Published online February 1, 2008; DOI: https://doi.org/10.4093/kdj.2008.32.1.30

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Abstract PDF

BACKGROUND
Increased prevalence of diabetes in recent years is linked with increased cardiovascular morbidity and mortality. Apolipoprotein E (apo E) polymorphism is well known to be related to hyperlipidemia and coronary heart disease, but only a few studies investigated the association between apo E polymorphism and diabetes or insulin resistance. In Korea, two studies with relatively small subjects reported controversial results. Therefore, we investigated the association between apo E polymorphism and diabetes in elderly community population. METHODS: 982 elderly people aged 65 or over in Seongnam city were enrolled. We measured anthropometric variables and blood pressure and performed biochemical tests including fasting glucose, fasting insulin, HbA1c, and lipid profiles. Apo E polymorphism was determined by PCR-RFLP method. RESULTS: Frequencies of apo E isoforms and alleles were similar to those of other reports. Subjects with e4 allele had significantly higher total and LDL-cholesterol levels. However, there were no differences in cholesterol levels between normal subjects and diabetes. Diabetes was not related to apo E polymorphism. CONCLUSION: In Korean aged 65 or over, subjects with diabetes didn't have increased total or LDL-cholesterol, triglyceride, and decreased HDL-cholesterol levels. Diabetes and apo E polymorphism were not related.

Citations

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Association of APOE genotype with lipid profiles and type 2 diabetes mellitus in a Korean population
Jung Yeon Seo, Byeong Ju Youn, Hyun Sub Cheong, Hyoung Doo Shin
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Increasing Trends of Metabolic Syndrome in Korea -Based on Korean National Health and Nutrition Examination Surveys-.: Soo Lim, Eun Jung Lee, Bo Kyeong Koo, Sung Il Cho, Kyong Soo Park, Hak Chul Jang, Seong Yeon Kim, Hong Kyu Lee; Korean Diabetes J. 2005;29(5):432-439. Published online September 1, 2005

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Abstract PDF: BACKGOUND: The number of individuals with metabolic syndrome is increasing in Asian as well as in Western countries. The aim of this study was to compare the prevalence and patterns of metabolic syndrome as determined by the 1998 and 2001 Korean National Health and Nutrition Examination Surveys(KNHANES). METHODS: A total of 6,907 and 4,536 Koreans aged over 20 years participated in the KNHANES in 1998 and 2001, respectively. A stratified multistage probability sampling design and weighting adjustments were made to obtain a representative Korean population. The working definition of the National Cholesterol Education Program-Adult Treatment Panel III was used to define metabolic syndrome. The International Obesity Task Force criteria for the Asian-Pacific population were used to determine waist circumference criteria. RESULTS: The age-adjusted prevalence of metabolic syndrome significantly increased from 22.5 to 24.1% between 1998 and 2001(P<0.01). Of the five components composing metabolic syndrome, low HDL-cholesterolemia showed the highest increase(32.6%) over this period, followed by hypertriglyceridemia and abdominal obesity, with 15.9% and 4.3% increases, respectively. In contrast, the number of subjects with high blood pressure or elevated fasting glucose levels were reduced(37.1-->33.1% and 18.9-->15.4%, respectively, both P<0.01). CONCLUSION: Dyslipidemia and abdominal obesity were primarily responsible for the increase in metabolic syndrome in Korea over the period 1998 to 2001. Changes to diet patterns and a reduction in physical activity are likely to have contributed to the rapid increase in metabolic syndrome in Korea; therefore, national strategies will be needed to counteract this increase.

Correlation between Basal Insulin Requirements and Daily Administered Insulin Dosage in Diabetes.: Min Kyong Moon, Jong Ho Ahn, Tae Yong Kim, Won Shik Shinn, Soo Lim, Young Min Cho, Kyong Soo Park, Seong Yeon Kim, Hong Kyu Lee; Korean Diabetes J. 2000;24(5):552-559. Published online January 1, 2001

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Abstract: BACKGROUND
In patients who need insulin therapy, it is difficult to assess insulin requirements because of individual variability in insulin sensitivity and secretion. The aim of this study is to know that it is possible to achieve rapidly and efficiently normoglycemia based on insulin infusion algorithm and whether there is correlation between basal insulin requirements and daily administered total insulin dose. METHODS: Total 34 patients were enrolled. Insulin infusion was begun at 2:00 p.m., and bedside blood glucose concentration was measured at hourly intervals. The rate of insulin infusion was adjusted according to blood glucose levels. We compared insulin requirements to maintain normoglycemia (basal insulin requirements) with daily administered total insulin dose. RESULTS: At start, the mean blood glucose concentration was 14.9+/-4.7 mmol/L; by the first hour, it was 10.7+/-3.6 mmol/L; by the second hour, it was 7.4+/-3.1 mmol/L; when the infusion was discontinued, it was 5.7+/-1.0 mmol/L. This algorithm successfully inducted normoglycemia in all patients within 3.5+/-1.8 h. There was significant correlation between basal insulin requirements and daily administered total insulin dosage. And, daily administered insulin dose had significant correlation with first hour glucose concentration, first hour insulin infusion rate, second hour glucose concentration, second hour insulin infusion rate, and glucose concentration at the end. CONCLUSIONS: We concluded that normoglycemia can be achieved rapidly and efficiently based on insulin infusion algorithm. The present study suggested that we could predict daily insulin requirements through basal insulin requirements that we measured.

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