- Migration of Vascular Smooth Muscle Cells by High Glucose is Reactive Oxygen Dependent.
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Yong Seong An, Ji Hae Kwon, Yang Ho Kang, In Ju Kim, Yong Ki Kim, Seok Man Son
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Korean Diabetes J. 2008;32(3):185-195. Published online June 1, 2008
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.4093/kdj.2008.32.3.185
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 Abstract
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- BACKGROUND
Oxidative stress contributes to vascular diseases in patients with diabetes. As the mechanism of development and progression of diabetic vascular complications is poorly understood, this study was aimed to assess the potential role of hyperglycemia-induced oxidative stress and to determine whether the oxidative stress is a major factor in hyperglycemia-induced migration of vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs). METHODS: We treated primary cultured rat aortic smooth muscle cells for 72 hours with medium containing 5.5 mM D-glucose (normal glucose), 30 mM D-glucose (high glucose) or 5.5 mM D-glucose plus 24.5 mM mannitol (osmotic control). We measured the migration of VSMCs and superoxide production. Immunoblotting of PKC isozymes using phoshospecific antibodies was performed, and PKC activity was also measured. RESULTS: Migration of VSMCs incubated under high glucose condition were markedly increased compared to normal glucose condition. Treatment with diphenyleneiodonium (DPI, 10 micromol/L) and superoxide dismutase (SOD, 500 U/mL) significantly suppressed high glucose-induced migration of VSMCs. Superoxide production was significantly increased in high glucose condition and was markedly decreased after treatment with DPI and SOD. High glucose also markedly increased activity of PKC-delta isozyme. When VSMCs were treated with rottlerin or transfected with PKC-delta siRNA, nitro blue tetrazolium (NBT) staining and NAD(P)H oxidase activity were significantly attenuated in the high glucose-treated VSMCs. Furthermore, inhibition of PKC-delta markedly decreased VSMC migration by high glucose. CONCLUSION: These results suggest that high glucose-induced VSMC migration is dependent upon activation of PKC-delta, which may responsible for elevated intracellular ROS production in VSMCs, and this is mediated by NAD(P)H oxidase.
- The Association between Arterial Stiffness and Albuminuria in Type 2 Diabetes.
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Seong Geun Lee, Yong Ki Kim, Seo Rin Kim, Yong Sung Ahn, Ji Hae Kwon, Yang Ho Kang, Suk Man Son, In Joo Kim, Ju Sung Kim
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Korean Diabetes J. 2007;31(5):421-428. Published online September 1, 2007
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.4093/jkda.2007.31.5.421
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Abstract
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- BACKGROUND
Brachial ankle pulse wave velocity (BaPWV) and cardio ankle vascular index (CAVI), as indicators of arterial stiffness, are increased in type 2 diabetes. Albuminuria, as a cardiovascular risk factor in type 2 diabetes, can cause endothelial dysfunction and atherosclerosis, and these can increase arterial stiffness. So we investigated the hypothesis that increased albuminuria reflects increased BaPWV and CAVI in type 2 diabetes. METHODS: We retrospectively analyzed 106 patients (58 men and 48 women) with type 2 diabetes from March 2005 to September 2006. Urine albumin creatinine ratio (ACR) to evaluate urinary albumin excretion, BaPWV and CAVI were measured in all patients. RESULTS: All patients were divided 3 groups, normal group (ACR < 30 mg/g Cr., n = 31), microalbuminuria group(30 < or = ACR < or = 30 mg/g Cr., n = 42), proteinuria group(ACR > 300 mg/g Cr., n = 33). BaPWV and CAVI in microalbuminuria group and proteinuria group are faster than normal group. In bivariate correlation analysis, BaPWV was not associated with ACR, but CAVI was positively correlated to ACR (r = 0.285, P = 0.003). BaPWV was positively correlated to age, diabetes duration, body mass index, systolic blood pressure, diastolic pressure, pulse pressure and negatively correlated to glomerular filtration rate (GFR). CAVI was positively correlated to age, diabetes duration and negatively correlated to GFR. In multiple linear stepwise regression analysis, BaPWV was not associated with ACR, but ACR was independent predictor for CAVI (P = 0.002). CONCLUSION: In type 2 diabetes, albuminuria was independent predictor for indicators of arterial stiffness, especially CAVI.
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Citations
Citations to this article as recorded by  - Associations Between Cardio-Ankle Vascular Index and Microvascular Complications in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Patients
Kwang Joon Kim, Byung-Wan Lee, Hyun-min Kim, Joo Youn Shin, Eun Seok Kang, Bong Soo Cha, Eun Jig Lee, Sung-Kil Lim, Hyun Chul Lee
Journal of Atherosclerosis and Thrombosis.2011; 18(4): 328. CrossRef
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