- The Association of Interleukin-6 Gene Promoter Region Polymorphism G174C with Insulin Resistance and Metabolic Syndrome in Korean Women.
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Eun Jung Rhee, Won Young Lee, Se Yeon Kim, Eun Sook Oh, Ki Hyun Baek, Ki Won Oh, Moo Il Kang, Sun Woo Kim
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Korean Diabetes J. 2005;29(3):181-188. Published online May 1, 2005
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 Abstract
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Interleukin(IL)-6 is a cytokine that is produced from immune cells and adipose tissue. It is thought to be a factor to explain the link between insulin resistance and inflammation, and it is also thought to be involved in glucose metabolism and lipid metabolism. We observed the frequency of the G174C polymorphism in the IL-6 gene promoter region in Korean women and we investigated the association of fasting glucose, insulin resistance indices and metabolic syndrome. METHODS: Measurements of the blood pressure, body fat, fasting glucose, insulin, lipid profiles and anthropometric measurements were done for 268 Korean women(mean age 51.4yrs, range 37~73yrs). Homeostasis model assessement(HOMA) and the quantitative insulin sensitivity check index(QUICKI) were calculated and the presence of metabolic syndrome was assessed according to ATP III criteria. Genotyping was done with the PCRRFLP method on the blood samples of the participants. RESULTS: The allele frequencies were 0.965 for the G allele and 0.035 for the C allele, and they were in Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium(P=0.50). The fasting insulin level and HOMA were significantly higher and the QUICKI was significantly lower in the C allele carriers compared with non-carriers. Although the prevalence of metabolic syndrome was not significantly different according to the different genotypes, among the individual components, the prevalence of hypertriglyceridemia was significantly higher in the C allele carriers compared with the non-carriers. There were no differences in the prevalence of normoglycemia, fasting hyperglycemia and provisional diabetes according to the different genotypes. CONCLUSION: The G174C polymorphism in The IL-6 promoter region was not frequently observed in Korean women. The insulin resistance indices were higher in the C allele carriers compared with the non-carriers. Although the prevalence of metabolic syndrome was not associated with the polymorphism, the prevalence of hypertriglyceridemia was higher in The C allele carriers, suggesting that it is possibile for candidate gene of insulin resistance
- Effects of Nateglinide on the Control of Mealtime Glucose Excursions in Korean Patients with Type 2 Diabetes.
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Hyeon Man Kim, Yoon Seok Chung, Kwan Woo Lee, Dae Jung Kim, Hyun Chul Lee, Dong Rim Kim, Dong Seop Choi, Eun Sook Oh, Moo Il Kang, Kwang Woo Lee, Chul Young Park, In Myung Yang, Jin Woo Kim, Young Seol Kim, Hyong Gi Jung
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Korean Diabetes J. 2002;26(5):405-415. Published online October 1, 2002
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Abstract
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- BACKGROUND
Nateglinide belong to a new family of insulin secretagogues that stimulate the early phase of insulin secretion. This study was designed to evaluate the efficacy and adverse effect of nateglinide in Korean type 2 diabetes patients, whose diabetes were inadequately controlled by medical nutrition therapy, focusing on the changes in mealtime glucose excursion (PBG), fasting blood glucose (FBG), glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) and plasma insulin. SUBJECTS AND METHODS: This multicentered open-label trial was conducted on 66 Korean patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. The subjects comprised of 36 males and 30 females, with a mean age, and duration of diabetes of 53.9+/-9.6(34~69) years and 39.5+/-44.0 months, respectively. The inclusion criteria were as follows: 1) FBG and PBG before the trial of 6.7~11.1 mmol/l and above 11.1 mmol/l, respectively, 2) changes of FBG and PBG during the 2-week-diet treatment of less than 1.7 mmol/l. PBG, FGB, HbA1c and plasma insulin levels were measured at weeks -2, 0, 2, 4, 8 and 12. Any adverse effects were noted during the study. The data were analyzed by the intent-to treat (ITT) and the per protocol (PP) methods. RESULTS: Nineteen cases were excluded due to protocol violation or withdrawal. The PBG level was significantly decreased during the study 13.7 2.6 mmol/l, before the trail to 9.6 2.8 mmol/l after (p=0.001) which was particularly marked during the first 2 weeks. The FBG, HbA1c and fasting plasma insulin levels were also significantly decreased, from 9.0+/-1.2 to 8.2+/-2.0 mmol/l, p=0.0063), from 8.0+/-1.3% to 7.0+/-1.1% (p=0.0001) and from 9.8 7.2 to 8.0 5.5 pmol/l (p<0.05), respectively. Three adverse events suggested the nateglinide-related diabetes was not serious. CONCLUSION: This study revealed that nateglinide could be used as an effective glucose-lowering agent, especially for the control of mealtime glucose excursion in Korean type 2 diabetes patients who were inadequately controlled by diet alone.
- The Serial Changes of Blood Glucose and Lipid Levels Following Allogeneic Bone Marrow Transplantation and Related Clinical Factors.
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Won Young Lee, Moo Il Kang, Eun Sook Oh, Ki Won Oh, Hyun Shik Son, Kun Ho Yoon, Bong Yun Cha, Kwang Woo Lee, Ho Young Son, Sung Koo Kang, Wan Sik Shin, Woo Sung Min, Choon Choo Kim
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Korean Diabetes J. 2000;24(6):689-698. Published online January 1, 2001
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In bone marrow transplantation (BMT), recipients are usually younger and immunosuppressants are open used in shorter period than in solid organ transplantation. Therefore, there might be a difference in glucose and lipid metabolism between BMT and solid organ transplantation. However, the serial changes of metabolic parameters following BMT have not been studied. There fore, the aim of this study is to investigate the serial changes of blood glucose, lipids and the putative factors that are related with these changes after BMT. METHODS: We have prospectively investigated 43 patients who underwent allogeneic BMT . Fasting plasma glucose (FPG), total cholesterol, triglyceride and high-density lipoprotein (HDL) were measured before BMT, and at 1, 2, 3, 4, 12 weeks and 6 months after BMT. The serial changes of these metabolic parameters according to clinical factors including type of BMT, mean daily steroid dosage, and occurrence of graft versus host disease (GVHD) were examined. RESULTS: 1. Mean FPG level increased during 4 weeks after BMT and remained above basal value at post-transplant 6 months. Total Cholesterol level was increased during initial 4 weeks after BMT and was above basal value at post-BMT of 3 and 6 months. Triglyceride level was progressively increased during initial 4 weeks after BMT, but returned to basal value thereafter. HDL-cholesterol level was significantly decreased during initial 4 weeks after BMT, but returned to basal value thereafter. 2. Patients with FPG above 126 mg/dL at post-transplant 6 months were 7 out of 43 patients (16%). Comparing patients with FPG above 126 mg/dL and the other patients, the former received larger amounts of daily steroid and had lower HDL-cholesterol level. 3. The changes of metabolic parameters were different according to type of BMT, steroid dose, and occurrence of GVHD. CONCLUSION: Although there was increase of FPG, TC, TG and decrease of HDL-C during initial 4 weeks after BMT, these metabolic changes recovered slowly thereafter. Immunosuppressants are thought to be associated with these changes. Further observation will be needed for the long-term effect of BMT on metabolic changes.
- The Effect of Increased Beta Cell Mass on Glucose Tolerance in Rat.
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Eun Sook Oh, Kun Ho Yoon, Sun Hee Seo, Sook Young Lee, Seung Hyun Ko, Won Young Lee, Sung Rae Kim, Moo Il Kang, Bong Yon Cha, Kwang Woo Lee, Ho Young Son, Sung Goo Kang
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Korean Diabetes J. 2000;24(6):629-640. Published online January 1, 2001
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The aim of the present study is to evaluate the effect of increased beta cell mass by continuous 96-hour 50% glucose infusion on glucose tolerance in insulin resistance state induced by high fat diet in normal Sprague-Dawley rats. METHODS: The adult Sprague-Dawley rats weighing 200-250 gm were infused with 50% glucose or 0.45% saline via external jugular vein catheter for 96 hours. The both groups of rats were then randomly stratified into the two subgroups, and fed either high fat diet (54% of energy from fat) or normal rat chow (8.6% of energy from fat) for 4 weeks. On day 28, blood was collected for measuring the serum concentration of insulin, and oral glucose tolerance test (2 gm/kg body weight) was performed after overnight fasting. The beta cell mass was counted with the morphometric point-counting technique of Weibel. RESULTS: After the 96 hour infusion, the percentage of beta cell mass was significantly increased in glucose-infused rats when compared to the saline-infused group (p=0.03) and maintained up to day 28. Body weight gains were significantly greater in glucose infused rats than those of saline infused group (Increased value of weight : 142.9+/-15.2 g in glucose infused rats vs 125.3+/-21.1 g in saline infused rats, p=0.01). In the saline infusion-high fat diet group, the number of rats with impaired glucose tolerance was higher than those of other group (p<0.005). The glucose values at 90 minute and 120 minute were higher in saline infusion-high fat diet group than in glucose infusion-high fat diet group (p< 0.05). CONCLUSION: Our findings suggest that the increased beta cell mass has a favorable effect on glucose tolerance in insulin resistance state which were evoked by high fat diet.
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